Study of thyroid hormones free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) in subjects with dental fluorosis

ABSTRACTObjective: Apart from its well-known deleterious dental and skeletal effects, fluoride excess can have toxic effects on many other tissues. Fluoride, when in excess, is known to interfere with thyroid gland function. Fluoride-induced thyroid disturbances similar to those observed in iodine deficiency state in spite of adequate iodine intake have been documented. Similar thyroid disturbances in individuals with dental fluorosis have not been well studied in populations with endemic fluorosis. This work was undertaken to study the effects of fluoride-induced thyroid disturbances in individuals with dental fluorosis.Methods: The study group included 65 subjects with dental fluorosis from endemic fluorosis populations. An additional control group was comprised of 10 subjects without dental fluorosis. The drinking water fluoride levels of the study populations were analyzed. Serum free FT3, FT4, and TSH levels of both groups were assessed.Results: All subjects with dental fluorosis had serum levels of thyroid hormones (FT3, FT4, and TSH) within the normal range, with the exception of 1 individual, who had elevated levels of TSH. Statistical significance was found when FT3 and TSH values were compared with different Dean’s index groups by a 1-way ANOVA test: FT3 (F = 3.4572; P=.0377) and TSH (F = 3.2649 and P=.0449).Conclusions: Findings of this study did not show any significant alterations in the levels of the thyroid hormones FT3, FT4, and TSH in subjects with dental fluorosis. Our observations suggest that thyroid hormone levels were not altered in subjects with dental fluorosis. Hence, future studies of this kind, along with more detailed investigations are needed. (Eur J Dent 2012;6:184-190)

Download Full-text

Study on Serum Levels of Thyroid Hormones and Thyroid Stimulating Hormone in Different Trimester of Normal Pregnancy

Ibrahim Cardiac Medical Journal ◽

10.3329/icmj.v2i2.52851 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 19-23

Author(s):

Zinat Begum ◽

Rezina Akhtar Banu ◽

TH Zahra Moon Moon

Keyword(s):

Thyroid Hormones ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Normal Pregnancy ◽

Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽

Control Group ◽

Serum T3 ◽

Serum T4 ◽

The Mean ◽

And Control

Objective: The present study was conducted to study the changes in serum levels of thyroid hormones and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) in different trimesters of normal pregnancy. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Physiology, Rangpur Medical College Hospital over a period 1 year from July 2008 to June 2009. Apparently healthy pregnant women aged between 20 - 35 years were consecutively included in the study. Patients suffering from thyroid disorders or any other systemic diseases and lactating mothers were excluded from the study. A total of 100 subjects - 75 pregnant women (25 selected from each trimester of pregnancy) and 25 non-pregnant women were purposively selected as case and control groups respectively. Result: The mean age was almost identically distributed between the two groups (23.8 ± 3.9 vs. 24.9 ±4.6, p = 0.343). Lower class patient was predominant in case and control group (68% vs. 64%, p =0.756). The mean serum T3 level was higher in case group compared to control group. The mean serum T3 level was identically distributed in 1st and 3rd trimester (p = 0.536 and p = 0.145 respectively) but significant difference was found in 2nd trimester (p = 0.001). The mean serum T4 level of control group did not experience any change throughout the whole observation period. The serum T4 level was 210 nmol/L at 1st trimester then it began to increase almost a plateau at 2nd trimester and then gradually dropped 232.2 nmol/L at third trimester. The mean serum TSH level was 1.1 mIU/L at 1st trimester then it began to increase sharply assumed a mean score 1.3 mIU/L at 2nd trimester. From 2nd trimester onwards it began to decrease upto the end of observation when no change in the non-pregnant women in 1st, 2nd & 3rd trimester. Conclusion: Thyroid hormones (T3, T4) increase in the 2nd trimester of pregnancy and fall again in the 3rdtrimester but TSH does not experience any significant change throughout the pregnancy. Ibrahim Cardiac Med J 2012; 2(2): 19-23

Download Full-text

Thyroid Hormone Indices in Computer Workers with Emphasis on the Role of Zinc Supplementation

Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3889/oamjms.2016.041 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 296-301

Author(s):

Ahmed Ibrahim Amin ◽

Noha Mohamed Hegazy ◽

Khadiga Salah Ibrahim ◽

Heba Mahdy-Abdallah ◽

Hamdy A. A. Hammouda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Thyroid Hormone ◽

Thyroid Hormones ◽

Zinc Supplementation ◽

Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽

Control Group ◽

Free Triiodothyronine ◽

Computer Workers ◽

Group A ◽

Group B

AIM: This study aimed to investigate the effects of computer monitor-emitted radiation on thyroid hormones and the possible protective role of zinc supplementation.MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included three groups. The first group (group B) consisted of 42 computer workers. This group was given Zinc supplementation in the form of one tablet daily for eight weeks. The second group (group A) comprised the same 42 computer workers after zinc supplementation. A group of 63 subjects whose job does not entail computer use was recruited as a control Group (Group C). All participants filled a questionnaire including detailed medical and occupational histories. They were subjected to full clinical examination. Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4) and zinc levels were measured in all participants. RESULTS: TSH, FT3, FT4 and zinc concentrations were decreased significantly in group B relative to group C. In group A, all tested parameters were improved when compared with group B. The obtained results revealed that radiation emitted from computers led to changes in TSH and thyroid hormones (FT3 and FT4) in the workers. CONCLUSION: Improvement after supplementation suggests that zinc can ameliorate hazards of such radiation on thyroid hormone indices.

Download Full-text

Effect of excess Fluoride consumption on Urine-Serum Fluorides, Dental state and Thyroid Hormones among children in “Talab Sarai” Punjab Pakistan

Open Chemistry ◽

10.1515/chem-2020-0012 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 119-128 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sadia Zulfiqar ◽

Humayun Ajaz ◽

Shafiq ur Rehman ◽

Shan Elahi ◽

Amer Shakeel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Thyroid Hormones ◽

Strong Correlation ◽

Developmental Stages ◽

Dental Fluorosis ◽

Fluoride Concentration ◽

Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽

Control Group ◽

Sample Group ◽

Safe Limit ◽

Urine And Serum

Abstract190 children aged 7-18 years from an endemic fluorotic village “Talab Sarai (n = 130) and a non-fluorotic, control, village “Ottawa” (n = 60) were selected for comparison. Children were examined for fluoride (F-) concentration in drinking water, urine, and serum as well as Dental fluorosis (DF) and thyroid hormone levels. The mean concentration of water fluoride (WF) in the sample group was 6.23 mg/L, urine fluoride (UF) 3.38 mg/L, and serum fluoride (SF) 0.21 mg/L, while DF was 93.07%. Significant elevations (P = 0.000) in the concentration of all these four variables were observed in sample group children as compared to control. Mean Free Tetra-iodothyronine (FT4), Free Tri-iodothyronine (FT3) and Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) concentrations in the sample group were 16.64pmol/L, 5.57 pmol /L and 4.41 mlU/L, respectively. No marked difference in FT4 (P = 0.1) was noted, while significant elevations in FT3 and TSH (P = 0.000) were found in the sample relative to the control group. 80% of the children displayed clear thyroid hormonal derangements, with 36.92% having high TSH and 43.07% with FT3 and FT4 disorders. A moderate to strong correlation among WF, UF, SF and DF (r = 0.94, 0.60, 0.60, 0.72) and a very strong correlation between WF and TSH (r = 0.9) were observed. Our results suggest that excess F- level that is four times greater than the “safe limit” is not only increasing fluoride concentration in body fluids but is also affecting thyroid hormones in 4 out of 5 children which could lead to abnormal physical and mental growth in later developmental stages.

Download Full-text

VITAMIN D AND THYROID HORMONES IN PATIENTS WITH BREAST BENIGN TUMOR

EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL MEDICINE GEORGIA ◽

10.52340/jecm.2021.555 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

SALOME GLONTI ◽

RUSUDAN VADACHKORIA ◽

JUMBER UNGIADZE

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Thyroid Hormones ◽

Health Problem ◽

Breast Tumor ◽

Benign Tumor ◽

Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽

Control Group ◽

Breast Health ◽

Free Triiodothyronine ◽

Stimulating Hormone

The Breast Benign tumor (BBT) is currently considered a significant breast health problem within women of all ages. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the Tumor markers CA125 and CA153, thyroid hormones free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), and vitamin D within benign breast tumor (BBT) during the reproduction ages. Twenty patients (ten patients in the control group and ten patients in cases (Breast Benign Tumor); Notably, the studies confirm the decrease in FT4 and FT3 and increase of the thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). In addition, the decreased level of Vitamin D is also revealed in BBT.

Download Full-text

The role of peripheral type 2 innate lymphoid cells in bronchiolitis

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-82096-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Yong-Jun Tang ◽

Li-Li Xie ◽

Xiang-Rong Zheng ◽

Chen-Tao Liu ◽

Xia Wang

Keyword(s):

Statistical Significance ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Innate Lymphoid Cells ◽

Lymphoid Cells ◽

Orphan Receptor ◽

Control Group ◽

Interleukin 5 ◽

Healthy Infants ◽

Significant Difference

AbstractOur aim was to detect type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s)-related cytokines of infants with bronchiolitis by using Elisa, Liquidchip technology and RT-PCR and investigated its correlation with bronchiolitis. We recruited 26 infants with bronchiolitis and 20 healthy infants as control from Xiangya Hospital. Compared to the control group, the serum levels of interleukin-5 (IL-5) [41.99 (21.11) vs 25.70 (19.64)], IL-9 [27.04 (37.51) vs 8.30 (0.54)], IL-13 [184.05 (132.81) vs 121.75 (176.13)], IL-33 [83.70 (46.69) vs 11.23 (55.31)] and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) [31.42 (5.41) vs 28.76 (2.56)] were significantly increased in infants with bronchiolitis (P < 0.05), while the level of IgE had no significant difference between the two groups [19.05 (14.15) vs 14.85 (20.2), P > 0.05]. The mRNA expression of IL-17RB (9.83 ± 0.35 vs 9.19 ± 0.58), TSLP (16.98 ± 2.12 vs 15.07 ± 2.25), retinoid acid receptor related orphan receptor α (7.18 ± 0.71 vs 5.46 ± 1.09) and trans-acting T-cell-specific transcription factor 3 (4.86 ± 0.66 vs 4.19 ± 0.90) were significantly increased in infants with bronchiolitis versus the control group (P < 0.05), while there was no statistical significance for suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (5.59 ± 0.68 vs 5.41 ± 0.87, P > 0.05). Our findings suggested that ILC2s possibly play a specific role in immunopathology of bronchiolitis.

Download Full-text

Policosanol Attenuates Statin-Induced Increases in Serum Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin Type 9 When Combined with Atorvastatin

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2014/926087 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Yuan-Lin Guo ◽

Rui-Xia Xu ◽

Cheng-Gang Zhu ◽

Na-Qiong Wu ◽

Zhi-Ping Cui ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Healthy Volunteers ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Statin Treatment ◽

Control Group ◽

Proprotein Convertase ◽

To Receive ◽

Modest Effect

Objective. Statin treatment alone has been demonstrated to significantly increase plasma proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) levels. The effect of policosanol combined with statin on PCSK9 is unknown.Methods. Protocol I: 26 patients with atherosclerosis were randomly assigned to receive either atorvastatin 20 mg/d or policosanol 20 mg/d + atorvastatin 20 mg/d for 8 weeks. Protocol II: 15 healthy volunteers were randomly assigned to either policosanol 20 mg/d or a control group for 12 weeks. Serum levels of PCSK9 were determined at day 0 and the end of each protocol.Results. Protocol I: atorvastatin 20 mg/d significantly increased serum PCSK9 level by 39.4% (256 ± 84 ng/mL versus 357 ± 101 ng/mL,P=0.002). However, policosanol 20 mg/d + atorvastatin 20 mg/d increased serum PCSK9 level by only 17.4% without statistical significance (264 ± 60 ng/mL versus 310 ± 86 ng/mL,P=0.184). Protocol II: there was a trend toward decreasing serum PCSK9 levels in the policosanol group (289 ± 71 ng/mL versus 235 ± 46 ng/mL,P=0.069).Conclusion. Policosanol combined with statin attenuated the statin-induced increase in serum PCSK9 levels. This finding indicates that policosanol might have a modest effect of lowering serum PCSK9 levels.

Download Full-text

Reference Intervals of Thyroid Hormones and Correlation of BMI with Thyroid Function in Healthy Zhuang Ethnic Pregnant Women

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2018/2032413 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yonghong Sheng ◽

Dongping Huang ◽

Shun Liu ◽

Xuefeng Guo ◽

Jiehua Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Thyroid Hormones ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Thyroid Function ◽

Reference Intervals ◽

Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽

Specific Reference ◽

American Thyroid Association ◽

Reference Ranges ◽

Free Triiodothyronine ◽

Cross Sectional

Ethnic differences in the level of thyroid hormones exist among individuals. The American Thyroid Association (ATA) recommends that an institution or region should establish a specific thyroid hormone reference value for each stage of pregnancy. To date, a limited number of studies have reported the level of thyroid hormones in Chinese minorities, and the exact relationship between BMI and thyroid function in pregnant women is ill. This study was performed to establish trimester-specific reference ranges of thyroid hormones in Zhuang ethnic pregnant women and explore the role of body mass index (BMI) on thyroid function. A total of 3324 Zhuang ethnic health pregnant women were recruited in this Zhuang population-based retrospective cross-sectional study. The values of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (FT4), and free triiodothyronine (FT3) were determined by automatic chemiluminescence immunoassay analyzer. Multivariate linear regression and binary logistic regression were constructed to evaluate the influence of BMI on the thyroid function. The established reference intervals for the serum thyroid hormones in three trimesters were as follows: TSH, 0.02–3.28, 0.03–3.22, and 0.08-3.71 mIU/L; FT4, 10.57–19.76, 10.05–19.23, and 8.96–17.75 pmol/L; FT3, 3.51–5.64, 3.42–5.42, and 2.93–5.03 pmol/L. These values were markedly lower than those provided by the manufacturers for nonpregnant adults which can potentially result in 6.10% to 19.73% misclassification in Zhuang pregnant women. Moreover, BMI was positively correlated with isolated hypothyroxinemia (OR=1.081, 95% CI=1.007–1.161), while the correlation between the BMI and subclinical hypothyroidism was not statistically significant (OR=0.991, 95% CI=0.917–1.072). This is the first study focusing on the reference ranges of thyroid hormones in Guangxi Zhuang ethnic pregnant women, which will improve the care of them in the diagnosis and treatment. We also found that high BMI was positively associated with the risk of isolated hypothyroxinemia.

Download Full-text

Effect of Recombinant Human Erythropoietin (R-Huepo) Therapy on Plasma Ft3, FT4, TSH, FSH, LH, free Testosterone and Prolactin Levels in Hemodialysis Patients

The International Journal of Artificial Organs ◽

10.1177/039139889201501003 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 15 (10) ◽

pp. 585-589 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

M. Yeksan ◽

N. Tamer ◽

M. Cirit ◽

S. Türk ◽

G. Akhan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Free Testosterone ◽

Hemodialysis Patients ◽

Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽

Sexual Disorders ◽

Serum Prolactin ◽

Control Group ◽

Dialysis Session ◽

Free Triiodothyronine ◽

Human Erythropoietin ◽

Stimulating Hormone

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of r-HuEPO treatment on free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), free testosterone and prolactin levels in uremic hemodialysis patients. Twenty-four uremic hemodialysis patients were given r-HuEPO with a dose 60 U/kg as intravenous bolus injection at the end of each dialysis session. Once the hematocrit value of the patient had reached a range of 30-35%, the dose was adjusted so as to keep the hematocrit levels constant. Twenty uremic dialysis patients were taken as control group. The above-mentioned hormone levels of patients and control group were determined before and 4 months after r-HuEPO treatment. After the treatment, serum prolactin levels significantly decreased in both sexes (36.8 ± 7.8 vs 22.9 ± 6.3 ng/ml and 78.3 ±13.3 vs 37.4 ± 10.4 ng/ml male and female, respectively). FT3 and FT4 significantly increased (1.17 vs 1.67 pg/ml, p<0.05, and 0.64 vs 0.084 ng/dl, p<0.05, respectively). TSH levels increased but those changes were not significant. There was no change in the level of any hormone in the control group. Also, the sexual functions of eight male patients treated with r-HuEPO improved and menstruation started again in four female patients. We concluded that r-HuEPO treatment especially decreases prolactin level in uremic hemodialysis patients. It is conceivable that correction of elevated prolactin levels could improve sexual disorders in these patients.

Download Full-text

Assessment of Serum Concentrations of Adropin, Afamin, and Neudesin in Children with Type 1 Diabetes

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2019/6128410 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Agnieszka Polkowska ◽

Izabela Elżbieta Pasierowska ◽

Marta Pasławska ◽

Elżbieta Pawluczuk ◽

Artur Bossowski

Keyword(s):

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Glucose Metabolism ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Control Group ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Serum Concentrations ◽

Novel Biomarkers ◽

Varied Duration

Introduction. The increasing knowledge of adropin, afamin, and neudesin and the regulation of glucose metabolism and insulin resistance allows for the assessment of the differences in their concentrations between the groups with varied duration of diabetes mellitus (DM). Aim of the Study. Assessment of serum levels of adropin, afamin, and neudesin in children with type 1 diabetes, with respect to the disease duration. Materials and Methods. The study consisted of 138 patients aged 5–18 years (M 40.58%). Children with type 1 diabetes (n = 68) were compared to the control group (n = 70). The diabetic group was divided into 4 subgroups: (I) newly diagnosed patients, after an episode of ketoacidosis (n = 14), (II) duration no longer than 5 years (n = 18), (III) 5 to 10 years (n = 27), and (IV) longer than 10 years (n = 9). Serum concentrations of adropin, afamin, and neudesin were assessed and compared between the groups of patients. The criterion for statistical significance was p<0.05. Results. The concentrations of adropin and afamin across all subgroups were lower than that in the control group, while neudesin levels were higher in diabetic patients compared to the control group. The differences were statistically significant. Conclusions. Adropin, afamin, and neudesin may play a major role in the regulation of glucose metabolism and have a significant potential as novel biomarkers to predict future metabolic disorders. However, further multicentre studies on a larger cohort of patients are necessary to specify the role of these substances in the course and treatment of type 1 diabetes.

Download Full-text

Do Different Species of Sargassum in Haizao Yuhu Decoction Cause Different Effects in a Rat Goiter Model?

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2019/5645620 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-13

Author(s):

Dianna Liu ◽

Feng Chen ◽

Xue Yu ◽

Linlin Xiu ◽

Haiyan Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chinese Medicine ◽

Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽

Thyroid Hormones ◽

Thyroid Tissue ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽

Clinical Use ◽

Pathological Changes ◽

Sargassum Fusiforme ◽

Sargassum Pallidum

Sargassum species combined with Glycyrrhiza uralensis is a famous herbal pair in traditional Chinese medicine, as one of the so-called “eighteen antagonistic medicaments.” In the Chinese Pharmacopoeia, two different species of Sargassum, Sargassum pallidum and Sargassum fusiforme, are recorded but they are not clearly differentiated in clinical use. In this study, we aimed to determine whether the two species of Sargassum could result in different effects when combined with G. uralensis in Haizao Yuhu Decoction (HYD), which is used for treating thyroid-related diseases, especially goiter. HYD containing S. pallidum or S. fusiforme was administered to rats with propylthiouracil-induced goiter. After 4 weeks, pathological changes in the thyroid tissue and the relative thyroid weight indicated that HYD containing S. pallidum or S. fusiforme protected thyroid tissues from propylthiouracil damage. Neither species increased the propylthiouracil-induced decrease in serum levels of thyroid hormones. However, there were some differences in their actions, and only HYD containing S. fusiforme abated the propylthiouracil-induced elevation of serum thyroid-stimulating hormone levels and activated thyroglobulin mRNA expression.

Download Full-text