scholarly journals Leptospira infection in people in the city of Durango, Mexico: a cross sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 030006052110040
Author(s):  
Ada Agustina Sandoval-Carrillo ◽  
José Manuel Salas-Pacheco ◽  
Elizabeth Irasema Antuna-Salcido ◽  
Karla Sujey Castro-Martínez ◽  
Diana Stephanie Ortiz-Montaño ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Igm Antibodies ◽  
The North ◽  
History Of ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Professional Occupation

Objective To determine the seroprevalence of Leptospira immunoglobulin (Ig)G and IgM antibodies and its association with the characteristics of the study population from the northern Mexican city of Durango, Mexico. Methods Through a cross-sectional study design, inhabitants of Durango City, Mexico were surveyed between June 2018 and November 2018. Serum samples from the subjects were analysed for anti- Leptospira IgG and IgM antibodies using commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Sociodemographic, clinical, behavioural and housing characteristics were recorded. Data were analysed by bivariate and multivariate analyses. Results The study enrolled 413 people, of which 124 (30.0%) and 137 (33.2%) were positive for anti- Leptospira IgG antibodies and anti- Leptospira IgM antibodies, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that Leptospira seropositivity was associated with professional occupation, alcohol consumption, ill clinical status, memory impairment and a history of surgery. Conclusions This is the first study to report the seroepidemiology of Leptospira infection in an urban general population in the north of Mexico. The seroprevalence of Leptospira infection found was higher than those previously reported in Mexican studies.

scholarly journals A Cross-Sectional Study of Risk Factors for Irritable Bowel Syndrome in Children 8–13 Years of Age in Suzhou, China

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xueping Zhu ◽  
Weichang Chen ◽  
Xiaoli Zhu ◽  
Yueping Shen
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Trend Test ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Parental History ◽  
History Of ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Irritable Bowel

To determine the prevalence and risk factors of IBS in children 8–13 years of age in Suzhou city, a cross-sectional study was conducted on children in grades 1 through 6 in public elementary schools in three districts of Suzhou. A multistage stratified random-sampling survey was conducted in a primary investigation using standardized questionnaires. Rome II criteria were used to confirm IBS and their risk factors were analyzed. Of 8,000 questionnaires 7,472 responded satisfactorily for a response rate of 93.4%. IBS was diagnosed in 10.81%. A decrease in the prevalence of IBS was significantly associated with advancing age and grade in school (trend test,P<0.05). The prevalence of IBS in females was higher but not significantly different than males. The significant risk factors for IBS included young age (OR = 0.94), food allergy (OR = 1.53), gastroenteritis during childhood (OR = 1.29), eating fried food (OR = 1.62), anxiety (OR = 1.49), psychological insults in early childhood (OR = 1.47), and parental history of constipation (OR = 1.81; allP<0.05). IBS prevalence of 10.81% in study population warrants preventive measures such as encouraging dietary changes, preventing gastroenteritis and childhood psychological insults.

scholarly journals Prevalence and risk factors of hypertension among the bank employees of Western Maharashtra – a cross sectional study

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 1267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanuja R. Brahmankar ◽  
Priya M. Prabhu
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Bank Employees ◽  
Sedentary Life Style ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors ◽  
Multistage Sampling

Background: Hypertension, the “silent killer” - is a modern day’s epidemic and is becoming a public health emergency worldwide, especially in the developing countries. Sedentary life-style and stress are important risk factors for hypertension. The job of bank employees is both sedentary in nature and accompanies high levels of mental stress, thereby at a higher risk of developing hypertension. Hence the present study was conducted to study the prevalence and risk factors of hypertension among the bank employees in Western Maharashtra.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted during January 2014 to December 2015 to assess the prevalence and risk factors of hypertension among the bank employees in Western Maharashtra. By using multistage sampling method, total 340 bank employees from 40 branches were included in the study after fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria. After all ethical considerations, the data were collected by using pre-designed, pre-tested and semi-structured questionnaire and then analysed using MS Excel, SPSS-22 and Primer of Biostatistics.Results: Overall prevalence of hypertension was 39.7% and that of pre-hypertension was 41.8% among the study population. Socio-demographic factors like age, male gender, family history of hypertension, mode of travel, physical activity, overweight, years of service, intake of coffee and smoking had shown significant association with hypertension.Conclusions: Prevalence of hypertension was found as significantly higher in bank employees than the general population of India. Among the non-hypertensives large part was pre-hypertensives which are also at high risk of developing hypertension in the future.

scholarly journals Cross-sectional Study on Sero-Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (01) ◽  
pp. 82-88
Author(s):  
Shashi Prabha Tomar ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Golden Rule ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Antibody Testing ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Diagnostic Strategies ◽  
Study Population

Introduction: In India, laboratory diagnosis of SARS - CoV-2 infection has been mostly based on real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Studies have shown that Viral titres peak within the first week of symptoms, but may decline post this time frame, thereby hampering RT-PCR based diagnostic strategies. These reasons have prompted the call for adoption of antibody testing as a potential source of data to address the gap in data and inform public health and governance policies oriented towards COVID-19. Materials and Methods: A Cross-sectional study with a sample size of 9000 was conducted for 11 days (Dec 11-21, 2020) including all the 79 wards under Jabalpur Municipal Corporation. Serum samples were tested for the presence of specific antibodies to COVID19 using ICMR-Kavach IgG ELISA kits. The data collected was compiled on Microsoft Excel and data analysis was carried out using STATA 15E statistical software. Result: Overall seroprevalence of the study population was found to be 28.70% (weighted). Wards of the city of Jabalpur were classified into three categories based on the case prevalence - High (27 wards), Medium (26 wards) and Low (26 wards). Based on the overall seroprevalence, the estimated number of total infections were calculated to be 3, 54,870 for the study population. Overall Case Infection Ratio was 31.41. Conclusion: The current seroprevalence study rightly provides information on proportion of the population exposed, however, the correlation between presence and absence of antibodies is not a marker of total or partial immunity. Hence, the golden rule of Social distancing, sanitization, personal protective equipment and public health measures have to be continued.

scholarly journals A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY ON THANDAGAVATHAM (LUMBAR SPONDYLOSIS) TO ASSESS THE LIFESTYLE FACTORS IN PATIENTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 38-41
Author(s):  
K Mahalakshmi ◽  
H Vetha Merlin Kumari ◽  
H Nalini Sofia ◽  
T Lakshmi Kantham ◽  
R Meena Kumari
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Informed Consent ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lumbar Spondylosis ◽  
History Of ◽  
Study Population

Lumbar Spondylosis in earlier days used to be an ailment of people in their 60s and above. In recent years this trend is changing. Many lifestyle factors are blamed for this transition. Yet the factors are different for each population. In National Institute of Siddha Hospital, Lumbar spondylosis is one of the most common ailments for which patient visits OPD. Hence, A cross-sectional study was carried out to get an idea about which of those factors were common in the Thandagavatham patients visiting this hospital. Aim: To establish the most common lifestyle factors in Thandagavatham patients reporting at Ayothidoss Pandithar hospital OPD, National Institute of Siddha. Materials and methods: All the patients with a known history of Thandagavatham (Lumbar Spondylosis) were screened for this study. After obtaining informed consent, about 200 people were questioned to know about their lifestyle. Data was collected using the pre-designed questionnaire. The frequency for each factor was obtained after feeding the data in MS excel software. Result: Out of 14 factors considered in the study, age, menopause, BMI, socioeconomic status, exercise, history of falls were common among the study population.

Association Of Acne Vulgaris With Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome In Patients Visiting UOL Teaching Hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 1299-1301
Author(s):  
A. Malik ◽  
S. A H. Kazmi
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome ◽  
Acne Vulgaris ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Ovarian Syndrome

Background: Polycystic syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in the world affecting 8% of women. The main characters of PCOS are enlarged ovaries, chronic ovulation, menstrual cycles disturbance, androgen overdose, and insulin resistance leading to acne, hirsutism, and reproductive problems. Acne is a quite common dermatological condition in daily practice. Aim: To determine the association of acne vulgaris with polycystic ovarian syndrome in patients visiting the University of Lahore Teaching Hospital. Study design: Descriptive cross-sectional study. Place and duration of study: Dermatology Outpatient Department, University of Lahore Teaching Hospital Lahore from March 2019 to March 2020. Methodology: It was a descriptive cross-sectional study from March 2019 to March 2020 conducted at the Dermatology Out-patient Department, University of Lahore Teaching Hospital. All patients between the ages of 18 and 40, with acne vulgaris were included in the study. After obtaining informed consent, 101 women with acne vulgaris in I-IV (Indian stages), between the ages of 18-40 years, presented in the Department of Dermatology, University of Lahore Teaching Hospital, from March 2019 to March 2020, were selected for the study. Pregnant females, lactating mothers, and women on hormonal treatment (oral contraceptives or injections) were excluded from the study. A history of acne, oligomenorrhea, hirsutism, seborrhea, alopecia, acanthosis nigricans infertility, obesity and amenorrhea were taken. Weight and height were measured to calculate BMI. Data were collected in a special statistically tool and analyzed using SPSS-25. Results: A total of 101 women were examined having acne vulgaris issue. A total of 101 female were assessed and having history of acne vulgaris. Out of this, 33 were 18–23 years old, while 24 (23.4%) have ages 24–28 years. There were 18 (17.8%) patients who have 29–33 years old. while 38–40 years were 10 (9.9%) years old. Irregular menstrualcycle was reported 34.6% of the study population. As Perth WHO criteria, only 17% of the participants had BMI in normal weight range. The proportion of women, who were overweight and obese were 50.4% and 32.6% in the study population. Conclusion: Acne vulgaris has been identified as a serious skin disease found in all age groups. PCOS is more common among women with acne and obesity is a major risk factor for PCOS.

scholarly journals Population-based cohort of 500 patients with Gaucher disease in Israel

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. e024251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dena H Jaffe ◽  
Natalie Flaks-Manov ◽  
Arriel Benis ◽  
Hagit Gabay ◽  
Marco DiBonaventura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gaucher Disease ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Enzyme Replacement ◽  
History Of ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Comorbidity Index ◽  
History Of Cancer

ObjectiveTo characterise a population-based cohort of patients with Gaucher disease (GD) in Israel relative to the general population and describe sociodemographic and clinical differences by disease severity (ie, enzyme replacement therapy [ERT] use).DesignA cross-sectional study was conducted.SettingData from the Clalit Health Services electronic health record (EHR) database were used.ParticipantsThe study population included all patients in the Clalit EHR database identified as having GD as of 30 June 2014.ResultsA total of 500 patients with GD were identified and assessed. The majority were ≥18 years of age (90.6%), female (54.0%), Jewish (93.6%) and 34.8% had high socioeconomic status, compared with 19.0% in the general Clalit population. Over half of patients with GD with available data (51.0%) were overweight/obese and 63.5% had a Charlson Comorbidity Index ≥1, compared with 46.6% and 30.4%, respectively, in the general Clalit population. The majority of patients with GD had a history of anaemia (69.6%) or thrombocytopaenia (62.0%), 40.4% had a history of bone events and 22.2% had a history of cancer. Overall, 41.2% had received ERT.ConclusionsEstablishing a population-based cohort of patients with GD is essential to understanding disease progression and management. In this study, we highlight the need for physicians to monitor patients with GD regardless of their ERT status.

scholarly journals Frailty in the elderly: prevalence and associated factors

2017 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 747-752 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jair Almeida Carneiro ◽  
Rafael Rodrigues Cardoso ◽  
Meiriellen Silva Durães ◽  
Maria Clara Araújo Guedes ◽  
Frederico Leão Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Robust Variance ◽  
The North ◽  
History Of ◽  
Prevalence Ratios ◽  
Use Of Health Services

ABSTRACT Objective: to know the prevalence and factors associated with frailty in elderly assisted by the Centro Mais Vida de Referência em Assistência à Saúde do Idoso (Mais Vida Health Reference Center for the Elderly) in the North of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Method: cross-sectional study, with sampling by convenience. Data collection occurred in 2015. Demographic and socioeconomic variables, morbidities, use of health services and the score of the Edmonton Frail Scale were analyzed. The adjusted prevalence ratios were obtained by multiple analysis of Poisson regression with robust variance. Results: 360 elderly aged 65 or older were evaluated. Frailty prevalence was 47.2%. The variables associated with frailty were the following: advanced age elderly, who live without a partner, have a caregiver, present depressive symptoms, osteoarticular disease, as well as history of hospitalization and falls in the last twelve months. Conclusion: knowledge of factors associated with frailty allows development of health actions aimed at the elderly.

scholarly journals Nationwide seroprevalence of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 in asymptomatic population in South Korea: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. e049837
Author(s):  
Eun-Hee Nah ◽  
Seon Cho ◽  
Hyeran Park ◽  
Inhwan Hwang ◽  
Han-Ik Cho
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Clinical Status ◽  
Herd Immunity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Cross Sectional

ObjectiveAsymptomatic active infection might be an important contributor to the COVID-19 outbreak. Serological tests can assess the extent of exposure and herd immunity to COVID-19 in general populations. This study aimed to estimate the nationwide seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies according to age, sex and clinical status in South Korea.Design, setting and participantsThis cross-sectional study randomly selected health examinees who underwent health check-up at 16 health promotion centres in 13 Korean cities across the country between late September and early December 2020. Residual serum samples were obtained from 4085 subjects (2014 men and 2071 women). Antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 were measured by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay using Elecsys Anti-SARS-CoV-2 (Roche Elecsys, Mannheim, Germany).Primary and secondary outcome measuresFisher’s exact test was used to compare the seroprevalence according to sex, age group and region. The relative risks of being seropositive according to the characteristics of the study subjects were analysed using logistic regression analysis.ResultsThe overall seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 was 0.39% (95% CI=0.20% to 0.58%): 0.30% (95% CI=0.06% to 0.54%) for men and 0.48% (95% CI=0.18% to 0.78%) for women. The rate of anti-SARS-CoV-2 positivity varied significantly between different regions of Korea (p=0.003), but not with age group, sex, or the statuses of obesity, diabetes, hypertension or smoking.ConclusionsMost of the Korean population is still immunologically vulnerable to SARS-CoV-2, but the seroprevalence has increased relative to that found in studies performed prior to September 2020 in Korea.

scholarly journals Cow’s milk exposure and atopic dermatitis after six months of age

2017 ◽  
Vol 56 (6) ◽  
pp. 325
Author(s):  
Surya Jayanti Kadek ◽  
Dewi Kumara Wati Ketut ◽  
Karyana Putu Gede
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Maternal Diet ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cow’S Milk ◽  
Milk Formula ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cow's Milk ◽  
Study Population

Background About 60% of individuals with atopic dermatitis (AD) develop their first manifestation during infancy. Cow’s milk (CM) exposure is considered to be a risk factor for AD.Objective To evaluate for an association between cow’s milk exposure and atopic dermatitis in infants > 6 months of age.  Methods This cross-sectional study consisted of subjects from a previous study and new subjects recruited in order to meet the minimum required number of subjects. Our study population comprised 120 infants, born between 1 February and 30 November, 2012 in Sanglah Hospital, Denpasar. Subjects were divided into CM and non-CM groups and analyzed for their risk of AD. Subjects were included to CM group if they were fed with cow’s milk/formula  and included to non-CM group if they were breastfeed exclusively in the first six months of life. Other possible risk factors were assessed by multivariate analysis. Results One hundred twenty subjects were enrolled and analyzed (59 in the CM and 61 in the non-CM groups). The prevalence of AD was 30%. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed a significant association between CM exposure and AD, with odds ratio (OR) 2.37 (95%CI 1.036 to 5.420; P=0.04). In addition, maternal diet including eggs and/or cow’s milk during the breastfeeding period was significantly associated with AD in infants (OR 3.18; 95%CI 1.073 to 9.427; P=0.04).Conclusion Cow’s milk exposure is significantly associated with atopic dermatitis in infants  > six months of age. 

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document