scholarly journals Comparison of polyetheretherketone cables and stainless steel wires for sternal fixation after median sternotomy

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (9) ◽  
pp. 030006052110412
Author(s):  
Duanchao Shu ◽  
Jianpeng Li ◽  
Yixin Zhao ◽  
Yan Yang
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Steel Wire ◽  
Median Sternotomy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Steel Wires ◽  
Fixation Effect ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Patient State ◽  
Experimental Group

Objective To compare the sternal fixation effect of a polyetheretherketone (PEEK) cable product and stainless steel wire after median sternotomy. Methods A multicentre retrospective clinical trial was conducted in patients that underwent median sternotomy for a range of surgical reasons. The sternum was fixed using PEEK sternal cables in the experimental group and stainless steel wires in the control group. The general patient state, product manoeuvrability, bone and wound healing state and blood test results were evaluated at seven visits during the preoperative, surgical and follow-up periods. Results A total of 108 patients (54 in each group) were included in the analysis at the final 180-day follow-up. The sternum was successfully closed using PEEK cables or steel wires in all patients and all healed well. No pathological changes were found on the X-ray imaging. Computed tomography imaging confirmed ideal fracture healing. No significant difference was found between the experimental group and the control group in outcomes. Conclusion PEEK cables are easy to implant and show desirable effectiveness in sternal fixation without any observed side-effects.

Bending Properties of General Purpose Stainless Steel Wire Formed for Orthodontic Use

2013 ◽  
Vol 746 ◽  
pp. 394-399
Author(s):  
Niwat Anuwongnukroh ◽  
Yosdhorn Chuankrerkkul ◽  
Surachai Dechkunakorn ◽  
Pornkiat Churnjitapirom ◽  
Theeralaksna Suddhasthira
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Steel Wire ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Stainless Steel Wire ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Bending Properties ◽  
Steel Wires ◽  
Significant Difference

The archwire is generally used in fixed appliances for orthodontic treatment to correct dental malocclusion. However, it is interesting to know whether general purpose stainless steel wire could replace commercial orthodontic archwire in orthodontic practice for economic reasons. The purpose of this study was to determine the bending properties of general purpose stainless steel wire compared with commercial orthodontic stainless steel wires after forming as an archwire for orthodontic use. The samples used in this study were 90 general purpose and 45 commercial (Highland) round stainless steel wires in 0.016, 0.018, and 0.020 sizes (30 general purpose and 15 commercial wires for each size). All 15 general purpose stainless steel wires with different sizes were formed into orthodontic archwire with a Universal Testing Machine. All samples were tested (three-point bending test) for mechanical properties. The results showed no significant difference between general purpose and commercial orthodontic wires in size 0.016 for 0.1 mm offset bending force, 0.2% yield strength, and springback. Although many mechanical properties of general purpose wires differed from commercial wires, their values conformed to other previous studies within the range of clinical acceptance. In conclusion, orthodontic formed general purpose round stainless steel wires had statistically different (p <0.05) mechanical properties from commercial orthodontic stainless steel wires (Highland) but the mechanical properties were acceptable to use in orthodontic treatment.

scholarly journals Pillow positioning facilitates independent bridging for bedpan use in pelvic fractures

1992 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 41-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeanette A. Fourie ◽  
Eileen M.P. Lief ◽  
Timothy T. Dunne
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Pelvic Fractures ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mechanical Advantage ◽  
Block Randomisation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Conventional Stainless Steel

The idea of giving a patient with fractures of the pelvis a mechanical advantage, by placing pillows under his/her back in order to make bridging for the bedpan easier, was tested in this clinical trial. Twenty nine subjects were entered by block randomisation into the experimental group and twenty nine into the control group. The number of days from entry into the trial until independent bridging was noted. Independent bridging is defined as the patient being able to lift high enough to slide a conventional stainless steel bedpan under the buttocks. Results show that there is a significant difference in time to bridging (Y = 0,602, p = 0,0027) in favour of the experimental group. Other variables studied appear to marginally favour the control rather than the experimental group, thus suggesting that the pillow method could be used safely and effectively in the treatment of patients who have sustained a range of pelvic fractures.

Piano-accompanied solfège reading experiences of preservice music teachers

2020 ◽  
pp. 1321103X1987107
Author(s):  
Elif Guven
Keyword(s):  
Music Teachers ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Reading Practices ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Plot Analysis ◽  
Experimental Implementation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

This study examines how piano-accompanied solfège reading practices of preservice music teachers ( N = 28) affect their performance on their musical hearing, reading, and writing (MHRW) classes. A pretest–posttest design with control groups was employed. The data were analyzed by 2 × 2 split-plot analysis of variance (ANOVA) and one-way ANOVA. Consequently, a significant difference was not found between the MHRW performance scores of the experimental and control groups. An analysis of mean performance scores revealed that the scores received by the control group were higher than those of the experimental group after the practice. Follow-up interviews that were held with 14 students after the experimental implementation revealed that students believed piano-accompanied courses were more useful, and they felt more comfortable with piano accompaniment. Although MHRW performance scores indicated that piano-accompanied solfège reading practices did not have a significant effect on preservice music teachers’ MHRW performances, it helped them participate in courses more enthusiastically.

scholarly journals Quantifying Withdrawal of Consent, Loss to Follow-Up, Early Drug Discontinuation, and Censoring in Oncology Trials

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Brooke E. Wilson ◽  
Michelle B. Nadler ◽  
Alexandra Desnoyers ◽  
Eitan Amir
Keyword(s):  
Censored Data ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Drug Discontinuation ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Loss To Follow Up ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Early Drug

Background: Censoring due to early drug discontinuation (EDD) or withdrawal of consent or loss to follow-up (WCLFU) can result in postrandomization bias. In oncology, censoring rules vary with no defined standards. In this study, we sought to describe the planned handling and transparency of censoring data in oncology trials supporting FDA approval and to compare EDD and WCLFU in experimental and control arms. Methods: We searched FDA archives to identify solid tumor drug approvals and their associated trials between 2015 and 2019, and extracted the planned handling and reporting of censored data. We compared the proportion of WCLFU and EDD between the experimental and control arms by using generalized estimating equations, and performed logistic regression to identify trial characteristics associated with WCLFU occurring more frequently in the control group. Results: Censoring rules were defined adequately in 48 (59%) of 81 included studies. Only 14 (17%) reported proportions of censored participants clearly. The proportion of WCLFU was higher in the control group than in the experimental group (mean, 3.9% vs 2.5%; β-coefficient, −2.2; 95% CI, −3.1 to −1.3; P<.001). EDD was numerically higher in the experimental arm in 61% of studies, but there was no statistically significant difference in the proportion of EDD between the experimental and control groups (mean, 21.6% vs 19.9%, respectively; β-coefficient, 0.27; 95% CI, −0.32 to 0.87; P=.37). The proportion of EDD due to adverse effects (AEs) was higher in the experimental group (mean, 13.2% vs 8.5%; β-coefficient, 1.5; 95% CI, 0.57–2.45; P=.002). WCLFU was higher in the control group in studies with an active control group (odds ratio [OR], 10.1; P<.001) and in open label studies (OR, 3.00; P=.08). Conclusions: There are significant differences in WCLFU and EDD for AEs between the experimental and control arms in oncology trials. This may introduce postrandomization bias. Trials should improve the reporting and handling of censored data so that clinicians and patients are fully informed regarding the expected benefits of a treatment.

scholarly journals Effect of manual reduction and indirect decompression on thoracolumbar burst fracture: a comparison study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Huang ◽  
Limin Zhou ◽  
Zhaodong Yan ◽  
Zongbo Zhou ◽  
Xuejian Gou
Keyword(s):  
Burst Fracture ◽  
Wedge Angle ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Thoracolumbar Burst Fracture ◽  
Manual Reduction ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Indirect Decompression ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Experimental Group

Abstract Study designRetrospective cohort study.ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of manual reduction and indirect decompression on thoracolumbar burst fracture.Methods60 patients with thoracolumbar burst fracture who were hospitalized from January 2018 to October 2019 were selected and divided into experimental group (33 cases) and control group (27 cases) according to different treatment methods. The experimental group was treated with manual reduction and indirect decompression, while the control group was not treated with manual reduction. The operation time and intraoperative blood loss were recorded. VAS score was used to evaluate the improvement of pain. The anterior height of injured vertebra, wedge angle of injured vertebral body, encroachment ratio of injured vertebral canal were used to evaluate spinal canal decompression and fracture reduction. JOA score was used to evaluate the improvement of spinal function.ResultsThere was no significant difference in operation time and intraoperative blood loss between the two groups. Compared with the control group, the VAS score and the wedge angle of injured vertebral body of the experimental group on 3 days after operation and the last follow-up were significantly lower than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant. The ratio of anterior height of injured vertebra of the experimental group on 3 days after operation and the last follow-up were significantly higher than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant. The difference of the encroachment ratio of injured vertebral canal between preoperation and 3 days after operation was significantly higher than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant. The bladder function of JOA on 3 days after operation of the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant. And the rest aspect of JOA on 3 days after operation and last follow-up of the experimental group were no significant difference Compared with the control group.ConclusionManipulative reduction and indirect decompression can obtain better clinical effect in the treatment of thoracolumbar burst fractures.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Low-Frequency Stimulation in Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Techniques for Post-Ankle-Sprain Balance and Proprioception in Adults- a Randomized controlled trial

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
KHALID A ALAHMARI ◽  
Paul Silvian Samuel ◽  
Irshad Ahmad ◽  
Ravi Shankar Reddy ◽  
Jaya Shanker Tedla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Ankle Sprain ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation ◽  
Experimental Group

Abstract BackgroundStretching is an important part of post-ankle-sprain rehabilitation, as well as an effective exercise for improving general ankle-joint performance. But the combination of stretching alongside muscle stimulation has not yet been extensively studied. Therefore the purpose of the present research is to compare the baseline, post- and follow-up effects of the proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) stretching technique combined with transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), as compared against the effects of the PNF stretching technique alone.MethodsSixty subjects with lateral ankle sprains were selected and randomly allocated to three groups: Experimental Group One (EG 1), Experimental Group Two (EG 2), and the Control Group (CG). Subjects in EG 1 received the PNF stretching technique combined with TENS. Subjects in EG2 received the PNF stretching technique alone. Both experimental groups received these treatments for 4 weeks (4 days/week); follow-up assessments were administered in the third and fifth weeks. CG received no treatment; outcome measures alone were assessed. Outcome measures comprised pain, flexibility, proprioception, range of motion, muscle strength, physical activity, and balance. A mixed-model ANOVA was used to analyze the effects of time factors and groups on these outcome measures.ResultsThere was significant interaction (time and group), and the time effect for all the outcome measures (p < 0.05). Physical activity, dorsiflexion, and balance in the medial, lateral, anterolateral, and anteromedial directions did not show a significant difference between the groups. EG 1 showed significant improvement for all the outcome variables between pre- and post-treatment and follow-up when compared to the other groups.ConclusionsThe present study showed that a 12-session treatment program of 3 weeks’ duration that combines PNF stretching with low-frequency TENS for post-ankle sprain subjects, compared against PNF stretching alone, produced significant improvements in balance, proprioception, strength, and range of motion. The study also showed that the treatment effect was sustained even after treatment was ceased after the follow-up assessment in the fifth week.Trial Registration:Human Research Ethics Committee approval for the trial (approval no.: (ECM#2019-26)Clinical trial was also registered in the Clinical Trials Registry – ISRCTN 18013941

scholarly journals Mechanical evaluation of quad-helix appliance made of low-nickel stainless steel wire

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 35-38
Author(s):  
Rogério Lacerda dos Santos ◽  
Matheus Melo Pithon
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Steel Wire ◽  
Multiple Comparisons ◽  
Steel Alloy ◽  
Mechanical Compression ◽  
Stainless Steel Alloy ◽  
Steel Wires ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Quad Helix

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that there is no difference between stainless steel and low-nickel stainless steel wires as regards mechanical behavior. Force, resilience, and elastic modulus produced by Quad-helix appliances made of 0.032-inch and 0.036-inch wires were evaluated. METHODS: Sixty Quad-helix appliances were made, thirty for each type of alloy, being fifteen for each wire thickness, 0.032-in and 0.036-in. All the archwires were submitted to mechanical compression test using an EMIC DL-10000 machine simulating activations of 4, 6, 9, and 12 mm. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) with multiple comparisons and Tukey's test were used (p < 0.05) to assess force, resilience, and elastic modulus. RESULTS: Statistically significant difference in the forces generated, resilience and elastic modulus were found between the 0.032-in 0.036-in thicknesses (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Appliances made of low-nickel stainless steel alloy had force, resilience, and elastic modulus similar to those made of stainless steel alloy.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of nonviolent communication (NVC) workshop on marital adjustment

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-75
Author(s):  
Shaheen Islam ◽  
Roufun Naher
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Marital Adjustment ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Nonviolent Communication ◽  
Repeated Measures Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Experimental Group

The present study examined the effectiveness of nonviolent communication (NVC) workshop on marital adjustment. The hypothesis was receiving nonviolent communication (NVC) workshop has positive impact on marital adjustment. The independent variable was NVC workshop and the dependent variable was marital adjustment score. For conducting this research, repeated measures design was followed and 20 Bangladeshi married people participated in it. The results have shown that there was a statistically significant difference (F = 16.790, p < 0.05) in marital adjustment score of experimental group over the three time periods and pairwise comparisons indicate that there was significant difference between pretest and post-test and also between pretest and follow- up test at the 0.05 level. Results also have shown that, there was statistically significant difference of marital adjustment score between experimental and control group in posttest (t = 4.276, p < 0.05) and follow-up test (t = 4.176, p < 0.05). Thus, after receiving NVC workshop the marital adjustment score of experimental group increased significantly (F = 16.79, p < 0.001) in post-test measure and also remain constant in follow-up, whereas the marital adjustment score of control group had no significant change. This implied a significant positive impact of participation in NVC workshop on marital adjustment. Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 26(1): 69-75, 2017 (January)

scholarly journals Evaluation and Comparison of Two Different Mouthwashes on Frictional Resistance Between Orthodontic Bracket and Archwire: An in Vitro Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-125
Author(s):  
Jayanti Choudhary ◽  
B Shashikumar ◽  
Anand K Patil
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Steel Wire ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Frictional Resistance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tea Tree ◽  
Custom Made ◽  
Significant Difference

Aims: This study aimed to evaluate and compare the effect of tea tree oil (TTO) mouthwash and chlorhexidine (CHX) mouthwash on frictional resistance. Settings and Design: In vitro. Materials and Methods: In total, 60 extracted premolars were mounted on a custom-made acrylic fixture. These 60 premolars were randomly divided into 3 groups of 20 each, on which 0.022″ × 0.028″ slot MBT stainless steel brackets were bonded and 0.019″ × 0.025″ rectangular stainless steel wire was ligated with an elastomeric module. The 3 groups included a control group where the samples were immersed in artificial saliva and 2 experimental groups immersed in 0.2% CHX and TTO mouthwash, respectively, for 1.5 hours. Postimmersion static frictional resistance was evaluated on a universal testing machine at crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. Statistical Analysis Used: Tukey’s post hoc procedure. Results: This study showed a statistically significant difference in the frictional resistance between saliva and CHX groups and CHX and TTO groups ( P < .05). No statistically significant difference was observed between saliva and TTO groups ( P > .05). The frictional resistance was more in the CHX mouthwash group than in the TTO mouthwash group. Conclusions: Frictional resistance was lesser in the TTO mouthwash than in the CHX mouthwash. Based on this result, TTO mouthwash can be used instead of CHX mouthwash as an oral hygiene aid in patients with orthodontic treatments.

scholarly journals Effect of manual reduction and indirect decompression on thoracolumbar burst fracture: a comparison study

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Huang ◽  
Limin Zhou ◽  
Zhaodong Yan ◽  
Zongbo Zhou ◽  
Xuejian Gou
Keyword(s):  
Burst Fracture ◽  
Wedge Angle ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Thoracolumbar Burst Fracture ◽  
Manual Reduction ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Indirect Decompression ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Experimental Group

Abstract Objective To evaluate the effect of manual reduction and indirect decompression on thoracolumbar burst fracture. Methods Sixty patients with thoracolumbar burst fracture who were hospitalized from January 2018 to October 2019 were selected and divided into an experimental group (33 cases) and control group (27 cases) according to different treatment methods. The experimental group was treated with manual reduction and indirect decompression, while the control group was not treated with manual reduction. The operation time and intraoperative blood loss were recorded. VAS score was used to evaluate the improvement of pain. The anterior height of the injured vertebra, wedge angle of the injured vertebral body, and encroachment ratio of the injured vertebral canal were used to evaluate the spinal canal decompression and fracture reduction. JOA score was used to evaluate the improvement of spinal function. Results There was no significant difference in operation time and intraoperative blood loss between the two groups. Compared with the control group, the VAS score and the wedge angle of the injured vertebral body of the experimental group 3 days after the operation and the last follow-up were significantly lower than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant. The ratio of the anterior height of the injured vertebra of the experimental group 3 days after the operation and the last follow-up was significantly higher than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant. The difference of the encroachment ratio of the injured vertebral canal between preoperation and 3 days after operation was significantly higher than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant. The bladder function of JOA 3 days after the operation of the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant. And the rest aspect of JOA on 3 days after the operation and last follow-up of the experimental group has no significant difference compared with the control group. Conclusion Manipulative reduction and indirect decompression can obtain a better clinical effect in the treatment of thoracolumbar burst fractures.

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