A Multi-Level Examination of Organizational Context on Adult Probation Officer Attitudes Toward Evidence-Based Practice

2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 1331-1356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jill Viglione
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Climate ◽  
Hierarchical Linear Modeling ◽  
Organizational Context ◽  
The United States ◽  
Organizational Characteristics ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Linear Modeling ◽  
Adoption And Implementation ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Officer Attitudes

Currently, both researchers and criminal justice agencies recognize the need to consider evidence-based practices (EBPs) as means to provide effective supervision and reduce recidivism rates. Research documents the importance of organizational characteristics in relation to EBP adoption and implementation, including organizational climate, commitment to the organization, and cynicism for change. Using data collected through surveys of 251 probation staff nested within 12 probation agencies in the United States, the current study utilizes Hierarchical Linear Modeling to examine the association of these important organizational characteristics with probation staff reported attitudes toward EBPs. These findings are critical for understanding how probation staff perceptions relate to the transportability of EBPs and which/how contextual factors influence attitudes toward best practices.

Relative and Absolute Deprivation’s Relationship With Violent Crime in the United States: Testing an Interaction Effect Between Income Inequality and Disadvantage

2017 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 542-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bert Burraston ◽  
James C. McCutcheon ◽  
Stephen J. Watts
Keyword(s):  
Income Inequality ◽  
Violent Crime ◽  
Hierarchical Linear Modeling ◽  
Interaction Effect ◽  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Relative Deprivation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Linear Modeling ◽  
Using Data

Relative deprivation and absolute deprivation both have effects on crime. Although these two concepts are often treated as separate, some scholarship has suggested that the two may be complementary. The current study assesses whether the effects of relative and absolute deprivation interact statistically in their effect on violent crime by testing an interaction effect between income inequality and disadvantage. Using data from U.S. counties, hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) regression models show that there is a significant interaction between relative and absolute deprivation predicting violent crime rates. The plot of this interaction shows that when absolute deprivation is high, there is less violence in high inequality counties than in counties with medium levels of inequality. The implication of this finding is discussed.

Knowledge Sharing, Organizational Climate, and Innovative Behavior: A Cross-Level Analysis of Effects

2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chien Yu ◽  
Tsai-Fang Yu ◽  
Chin-Cheh Yu
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Climate ◽  
Knowledge Sharing ◽  
Hierarchical Linear Modeling ◽  
Organizational Innovation ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Innovative Behavior ◽  
Linear Modeling ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Innovation Climate ◽  
The Impact

We investigated individual-level knowledge sharing and innovative behavior of employees, organizational innovation climate, and interactions between the individual level of knowledge sharing and the climate of innovation within the organization as a whole. Employees of public corporations in the Taiwanese finance and insurance industries participated in this study. Hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) indicated a positive association between knowledge sharing and innovative behavior and a positive association between organizational innovation climate and innovative behavior. According to the results of HLM organizational innovation climate did not act as a moderator on the impact of knowledge sharing on innovative behavior.

Implementation of AF-CBT by Community Practitioners Serving Child Welfare and Mental Health

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Kolko ◽  
Barbara L. Baumann ◽  
Amy D. Herschell ◽  
Jonathan A. Hart ◽  
Elizabeth A. Holden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Climate ◽  
Learning Community ◽  
Hierarchical Linear Modeling ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Work Force ◽  
Child Physical Abuse ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Psychological Skills ◽  
Linear Modeling ◽  
Negative Perceptions

The Partnerships for Families project is a randomized clinical trial designed to evaluate the implementation of Alternatives for Families: A Cognitive–Behavioral Therapy (AF-CBT), an evidence-based treatment for family conflict, coercion, and aggression, including child physical abuse. To evaluate the effectiveness of a training program in this model, 182 community practitioners from 10 agencies were randomized to receive AF-CBT training ( n = 90) using a learning community model (workshops, consultation visits) or Training as Usual (TAU; n = 92) which provided trainings per agency routine. Practitioners completed self-report measures at four time points (0, 6, 12, and 18 months following baseline). Of those assigned to AF-CBT, 89% participated in at least one training activity and 68% met a “training completion” definition. A total of 80 (44%) practitioners were still active clinicians in the study by 18-month assessment in that they had not met our staff turnover or study withdrawal criteria. Using an intent-to-train design, hierarchical linear modeling analyses revealed significantly greater initial improvements for those in the AF-CBT training condition (vs. TAU condition) in CBT-related knowledge and use of AF-CBT teaching processes, abuse-specific skills, and general psychological skills. In addition, practitioners in both groups reported significantly more negative perceptions of organizational climate through the intervention phase. These significant, albeit modest, findings are discussed in the context of treatment training, research, and work force issues as they relate to the diverse backgrounds, settings, and populations served by community practitioners.

Institutional trust and multilevel government in the European Union: Congruence or compensation?

2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 551-574 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordi Muñoz ◽  
Mariano Torcal ◽  
Eduard Bonet
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Hierarchical Linear Modeling ◽  
European Social Survey ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Linear Modeling ◽  
Country Level ◽  
National Institutions ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Eu

Does trust in national institutions foster or hinder trust in the institutions of the European Union (EU)? There is no agreement in the literature on popular support for the EU about the direction of the relationship between trust in national and European institutions. Some scholars argue that both will be positively related, others have proposed the opposite hypothesis: low levels of trust in national institutions will lead citizens to higher levels of support for the EU. We argue that both hypotheses are true but operate at different levels: whereas more trusting citizens tend to be so in both the national and the European arenas, we also find that at the country level the relationship is negative: living in a country with highly trusted and well-performing institutions hinders trust in the European Parliament. We test our hypotheses using data from the European Social Survey and Hierarchical Linear Modeling.

A Novel Intervention for System-Involved Intimate Partner Violence Survivors: Changes in Parenting

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 268-280
Author(s):  
Christopher J. Wretman ◽  
Cynthia Fraga Rizo ◽  
Rebecca J. Macy ◽  
Shenyang Guo ◽  
Dania Ermentrout
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Hierarchical Linear Modeling ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Parenting Practices ◽  
The United States ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Court System ◽  
Linear Modeling

Purpose: A growing subpopulation of intimate partner violence (IPV) victims comprises mothers who have been mandated to services by either the court system or child protective services (CPS). Two human service agencies in the United States developed a 13-week novel intervention to address these women. All participants were assigned to the intervention, which featured group psychoeducation sessions, social events, and childcare. Method: This quasi-experimental study gathered preliminary evidence regarding whether the intervention promoted participants’ ( N = 70) parenting practices. Specifically, growth curve analyses using hierarchical linear modeling examined outcomes at completion (3 months) and follow-up (6 months). Results: Participants reported statistically significant improvements on key parenting practices at both postintervention time points. Conclusions: This study provides preliminary support for engaging court- and CPS-involved female IPV survivors in specialized, group-based interventions such as that investigated herein. Future research should investigate similar programs using larger samples and more robust designs.

Do social conflicts at work affect employees’ job satisfaction?

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Hagemeister ◽  
Judith Volmer
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Hierarchical Linear Modeling ◽  
Organizational Context ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Social Conflicts ◽  
Linear Modeling ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Personality Research ◽  
Work Affect

Purpose The purpose of this study is to examine social conflicts with co-workers (SCCWs) as a predictor of job satisfaction with co-workers (JSCWs) on a daily basis. Moreover, dispositional emotion regulation (ER) was suggested to moderate the within-person relationship between daily conflicts at work and JSCWs. Design/methodology/approach Ninety-eight employees from German civil service agencies completed surveys across five consecutive work days. Dispositional variables and controls were assessed in a general survey which was completed before the start of the daily surveys. Findings Hierarchical linear modeling showed that SCCWs at noon were significantly related to employees’ JSCWs in the evening and that dispositional ER moderated this relationship, indicating that people with high abilities of ER reported higher levels of job satisfaction with their co-workers than people with low abilities of ER after experiencing SCCWs. Originality/value The present study links conflict research with organizational and personality research. The findings broaden the understanding of social conflicts in an organizational context and further highlight ER as an important factor which can buffer the negative effects of workplace conflicts.

scholarly journals An Examination of Leader-Member Dyadic Politeness of Exchange and Servant Leadership on Group Member Performance

2015 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 501-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassan Abu Bakar ◽  
Robert M. McCann
Keyword(s):  
Servant Leadership ◽  
Hierarchical Linear Modeling ◽  
Organizational Context ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Linear Modeling ◽  
Leadership Model ◽  
Constraint Theory ◽  
Dyadic Communication ◽  
Leadership Influence ◽  
Group Member

Integrating conversational constraint theory and models of homophily and relational dyadic communication, this study investigates how leader-member politeness exchange and servant leadership influence group member performance in a Malaysian organizational context. Using hierarchical linear modeling with data obtained from a sample of 510 employees, 65 workgroups, and 3 organizations, a politeness of exchange-servant leadership model was tested. Results show that servant leadership was positively and significantly associated with workgroup manager’s ratings of group member’s performance. The positive association between servant leadership and group member performance is more pronounced when managers and members in workgroups are high in politeness of exchange in their interactions. As predicted, leader-member dyadic politeness of exchange within the workgroup manager-group member dyads moderated this positive association.

scholarly journals The Effects of Performance Budgeting and Funding Programs on Graduation Rate in Public Four-Year Colleges and Universities

2004 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jung-cheol Shinn ◽  
Sande Milton
Keyword(s):  
Graduation Rates ◽  
Hierarchical Linear Modeling ◽  
Graduation Rate ◽  
Program Effectiveness ◽  
The United States ◽  
Institutional Performance ◽  
Linear Modeling ◽  
Performance Budgeting ◽  
Funding Programs ◽  
Study Population

This study was conducted to determine whether states with performance budgeting and funding (PBF) programs had improved institutional performance of higher education over the five years (1997 through 2001) considered in this study. First Time in College (FTIC) graduation rate was used as the measure of institutional performance. In this study, the unit of analysis is institution level and the study population is all public four-or-more-year institutions in the United States. To test PBF program effectiveness, Hierarchical Linear Modeling (HLM) growth analysis was applied. According to the HLM analysis, the growth of graduation rates in states with PBF programs was not greater than in states without PBF programs. The lack of growth in institutional graduation rates, however, does not mean that PBF programs failed to achieve their goals. Policy-makers are advised to sustain PBF programs long enough until such programs bear their fruits or are proven ineffective.

The Target of Incivility Cannot Be an Island

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 174-183
Author(s):  
Peng Zhao ◽  
Xiaohong Xu ◽  
Yisheng Peng ◽  
Kathi N. Miner
Keyword(s):  
Hierarchical Linear Modeling ◽  
Career Satisfaction ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Employee Productivity ◽  
Linear Modeling ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Multilevel Approach ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Practical Implications

Abstract. To address the inconsistencies regarding the effects of incivility on employee productivity and career satisfaction, this study adopted a multilevel approach to examine the cross-level moderating effect of department-level incivility on the negative impact of individual-level incivility. We tested our hypotheses using data from 717 faculty nested within 79 departments at a southwestern university. The hierarchical linear modeling results supported that individual-level incivility negatively related to career satisfaction but not productivity. Further, department-level incivility moderated the negative effects of individual-level incivility such that the negative effects of individual-level incivility on career satisfaction and productivity were reduced when most people in the department experienced incivility or when individuals were not singled out for being mistreated. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.

The Relationship Between Reciprocal School-to-School Collaboration and Student Academic Achievement

2021 ◽  
pp. 174114322110644
Author(s):  
Huang Wu ◽  
Jianping Shen ◽  
Patricia Reeves ◽  
Yunzheng Zheng ◽  
Lisa Ryan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hierarchical Linear Modeling ◽  
The United States ◽  
School Outcomes ◽  
Student Academic Achievement ◽  
Linear Modeling ◽  
Collaborative Relationships ◽  
Reciprocal Relationships ◽  
Proficiency Level ◽  
School Collaboration ◽  
The Relationship

Despite the appeal of promoting and forming collaborative relationships between schools, empirical evidence for an association between school-to-school collaboration and school outcomes is still somewhat lacking. This study utilized data from 76 schools nested within 56 districts in the United States to examine the association between a school's reciprocal relationships and school outcomes by employing social network analysis and hierarchical linear modeling (HLM). After controlling for school and district demographic characteristics, we found the indices of reciprocal collaboration are associated with the school's 2018 student proficiency level in both math and reading and the growth in proficiency level between 2017 and 2018. The implications and limitations were discussed.

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