Surviving Senior Psychopathy: Informant Reports of Deceit and Antisocial Behavior in Multiple Types of Relationships

2022 ◽  
pp. 0306624X2110670
Author(s):  
Donna M. Andersen ◽  
Emma Veltman ◽  
Martin Sellbom
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Antisocial Behavior ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Mental Health Clinicians ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Final Sample ◽  
Before And After ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Financial Losses

A prevailing view among researchers and mental health clinicians is that symptoms of antisocial personality disorder (ASPD)/psychopathy decrease as affected individuals reach middle age. In the current investigation, informants were surveyed about the behavior of individuals who they believed showed traits of ASPD/psychopathy and were over the age of 50. A final sample of 1,215 respondents rated the index individuals according to the ASPD/psychopathy traits derived from the pre-publication first draft of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fifth Edition, revealing high endorsement of traits associated with ASPD. Survey respondents reported their observations that individuals who met a threshold for putative ASPD/psychopathy continued to engage in antisocial behavior after age 50, and as a result the respondents endured significant harm, including material losses, financial losses, and various self-reported mental health problems. Those who knew the index individuals both before and after the age of 50 were specifically asked whether there was a change in the individual’s engagement in manipulation, deceit, and antisocial behavior; 93% of respondents reported that the behavior was just as bad or worse after age 50. Other researchers have suggested that the DSM diagnostic criteria do not accurately describe ASPD/psychopathy symptoms and behavior in older adults, and that the disorder remains stable, but its manifestation changes with age. This study supports those conclusions.

Evaluating the Usefulness of DSM in Diagnosing Mental Health Problems: A Review of the Literature

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-51
Author(s):  
Basak Baglama
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm V

Understanding the needs of indivudals with mental disabilities is really important in terms of improving quality of life, intervention and promotion. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-V) is widely used book for mental health professionals in order to make diagnosis. The present study discusses the usefulness of DSM in diagnosing mental health problems by emphasizing it’s advantages and criticisms. This study used document analysis method in order to provide an overview and discussion of recent literature regarding advantages and criticisms of DSM. Various issues have been discussed and conclusions have been made based on the literature review of this study. 

Classification and Diagnosis of Psychopathology

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Muris
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Classification System ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Network Approach ◽  
Research Domain Criteria ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
Research Domain

This chapter deals with the classification and diagnosis of psychopathology in children and adolescents. An overview is given of the most prevalent mental health problems in youth that can be classified according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM). Methods are then described that can be employed to classify psychopathology in youth in terms of DSM nomenclature. Next, the pros and cons of the DSM classification system are discussed, after which a number of alternative ways that can be employed to classify psychopathology are addressed. These include the Research Domain Criteria framework and the complex network approach.

scholarly journals Does my patient have sex ? - Mental health professionals’ understanding of sexual health issues among their patients

BJPsych Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (S1) ◽  
pp. S256-S256
Author(s):  
Nalin Hettiarachchi ◽  
Praveen Kumar ◽  
vikramraj balasundaram
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
General Population ◽  
Sexual Health ◽  
Sexual Behaviour ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Sexual History ◽  
Mental Health Clinicians ◽  
Health Issues

AimsTo assess the level of understanding and difficulties encountered when obtaining sexual health details of their patients among mental health clinicians.BackgroundPeople with mental health problems, especially those treated with psychiatric medication experience greater rates of sexual difficulties than those in the general population. Mental health practitioners need to examine personal beliefs and attitudes about sexuality among people with mental health problems. Providing information about sexuality and sexual practice benefits and enhances the quality of life of people with mental health problems. Therefore taking a sexual history should be an integral part of psychiatric assessment.MethodAn online survey consisted of 17 questions to cover 3 areas of objectives mentioned above was created using Survey Monkey. A link to the survey was emailed to all the clinicians who perform psychiatric assessments. Response collection and data analysis was performed by the trust IT team.ResultTotal of 54 clinicians participated in the survey representing nurses, junior, middle grade doctors and consultants. Almost all stated that mental health patients have capacity to make appropriate decisions about their sexual behaviour patterns. 43% thought people with mental health problems don't have similar patterns of sexual behaviour compared to people without mental health problems. 11% stated that people with mental health problems do not experience greater rates of sexual difficulties than those in the general population. Nearly a third did not believe that telling patients about potential sexual side effects may lead to poor compliance. Nearly 70% stated taking a sexual history should be an integral part of psychiatric assessment. 44% reported lack of knowledge and skills when talking about sexual health and 33% avoided asking about sexual health due to lack of knowledge. Half of the clinicians avoided asking about sexual health due to the fear of embarrassing or causing distress to patients while 16% avoided asking about sexual health due to self-embarrassment. 65% talk about sexual health issues only if patients brought them up.During last 3 clinical encounters majority never asked about sexual difficulties, high risk behaviour and drug side-effects related to sexual difficulties. A significant proportion of clinicians never asked about contraception from their female clients.ConclusionSurvey revealed majority of mental health clinicians lack understanding and skills about sexual health issues highlighting the importance of raising awareness among clinicians about sexual health issues.

Diagnosing Psychosocial Problems

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 97 (6) ◽  
pp. 899-901 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly J. Kelleher ◽  
Mark L. Wolraich
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Psychosocial Problems ◽  
Robert Wood Johnson Foundation ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
American Academy Of Pediatrics ◽  
Primary Care Clinicians ◽  
And Child Health

In April 1996, the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) Task Force on Mental Health Coding for Children completed 4 years of work on the development of a classification system for children's mental health appropriate for primary care clinicians with the publication of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Primary Care—Child Version (DSM-PC). This work represents a multidisciplinary effort spearheaded by the AAP and supported by grants from the Bureau of Maternal and Child Health, the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, and the Friends of Children Fund to create a more prevention-oriented, developmentally based system for classifying psychosocial diagnoses of children and adolescents in primary care with mental health symptoms.

The Solving Problems in Everyday Living Model: Toward a Demedicalized, Education-Based Approach to “Mental Health”

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 132-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomi Gomory ◽  
Daniel J. Dunleavy ◽  
Angela S. Lieber
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Critical Pedagogy ◽  
Mental Health Treatment ◽  
Medical Model ◽  
Mental Health Clinicians ◽  
Educational Approach ◽  
Supportive Psychotherapy ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Problems In Living ◽  
Informed Treatment

We argue that human existential pain and threat may usefully be helped by a noncoercive educational approach that also resonates with many interpersonally focused psychological approaches, rather than by the widely touted current medical model of “mental health” treatment (using psychoactive drugs and supportive psychotherapy). First, the “progress” leading to the latest Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders is briefly reviewed, highlighting the scientific limitations of the medical model. Next, an educational model of self-understanding and change, based on Popper’s fallibilism, Freire’s critical pedagogy, and Miller’s feedback-informed treatment is explicated. Finally, some options for funding and testing the model are discussed. We hope this offers mental health clinicians another important alternative to conceptualize the helping encounter to ameliorate personal problems in living.

scholarly journals Frequency and Factors Associated with Foregone and Delayed Medical Care due to COVID-19 Among Non-Elderly US Adults from August to December 2020

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theodoros Giannouchos ◽  
John M. Brooks ◽  
Elena Andreyeva ◽  
Benjamin Ukert
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Healthcare Provision ◽  
Income Levels ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Final Sample ◽  
The Us ◽  
Self Reported Health Status

Objectives: To estimate the frequency and factors associated with foregone and delayed medical care attributed to the COVID-19 pandemic among non-elderly adults from August to December 2020 in the US. Methods: We used three survey waves from the Urban Institute’s Household Pulse Survey (HPS) collected between August 19 to 31, October 14 to 26, and December 9 to 21. The final sample included 155,825 non-elderly (18 to 64) respondents representing 135,835,598 million individuals in the US. We used two multivariable logistic regressions to estimate the association between respondents’ characteristics and foregone and delayed care. Results: The frequency of foregone and delayed medical care were 26.9% and 35.9%, respectively. Across all income levels, around 60% of respondents reported difficulties in paying for usual household expenses in the last 7 days. More than half reported several days of mental health issues. The regression results indicated that foregone or delayed care were significantly associated with difficulties in paying usual household expenses (across all income levels) (P<.001), worse self-reported health status (P<.001), increased mental health problems (P<.001), Veterans Affairs (P<.001) or Medicaid (P=.002) coverage compared to private healthcare coverage, and older age groups. Individuals who participated in the latter two waves of the survey (October, December) were less likely to report foregone and delayed care compared to those who participated in wave 1 (August). Conclusion: Overall, the frequency of foregone and delayed medical care remained high from August to December 2020 among non-elderly US adults. Our findings highlight that pandemic-induced access barriers are major drivers of reduced healthcare provision during the second half of the pandemic and highlight the need for policies to support patients in seeking timely care.

scholarly journals Vocational rehabilitation via social firms: a qualitative investigation of the views and experiences of employees with mental health problems, social firm managers and clinicians

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola Morant ◽  
Alyssa Milton ◽  
Eleanor Gilbert ◽  
Sonia Johnson ◽  
Nicholas Parsons ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Vocational Rehabilitation ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Management Support ◽  
Mental Health Clinicians ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
The Uk

Abstract Background Employment within social firms in the UK is under-developed and under-researched, but a potentially beneficial route to vocational rehabilitation for people with mental health problems. This study explores the views and experiences of employees with mental ill-health, managers of social firms and mental health clinicians, in order to understand the potential value of social firms for the vocational rehabilitation, employment and well-being of people with mental health problems. Methods Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 23 employees with mental health problems in 11 social firms in England. A focus group and individual interviews were conducted with 12 managers of social firms. Two focus groups were held with 16 mental health clinicians. Data were analysed using thematic analysis. Results Most employees expressed very positive views about working in a social firm. In responses from both employees and social firm managers, an overarching theme regarding the supportive ethos of social firms encompassed several related features: openness about mental health issues; peer, team and management support; flexibility; and support to progress and develop skills over time. Managers identified benefits of employing people with mental health problems who were sufficiently recovered. Knowledge of social firms within clinician focus groups was very limited, although clinicians thought they could be a welcome additional vocational resource. Conclusions High levels of job satisfaction among social firm employees may be explained by the supportive ethos of these working environments. Social firms have potential to be a helpful addition to the range of vocational pathways available for people with mental ill-health. Further mixed methods investigations of experiences and outcomes in order to understand who engages with and benefits from this form of vocational rehabilitation would be valuable in informing decisions about scaling up the model.

scholarly journals Mobile App Integration Into Dialectical Behavior Therapy for Persons With Borderline Personality Disorder: Qualitative and Quantitative Study (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen F Austin ◽  
Jens Einar Jansen ◽  
Charlotte Juul Petersen ◽  
Rasmus Jensen ◽  
Erik Simonsen
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Behavior Therapy ◽  
Dialectical Behavior Therapy ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Mobile App ◽  
Common Source ◽  
Transfer Of Knowledge ◽  
Therapy Strategies ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Therapy Treatment

BACKGROUND The advancement of and access to technology such as smartphones has implications for psychotherapeutic health care and how interventions for a range of mental health disorders are provided. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to describe the experiences of participants while using a mobile phone app that was designed to enhance and support dialectical behavior therapy for personality disorders. METHODS A combination of in-depth interviews and questionnaires were used to capture the experiences of participants who used the app while undergoing dialectical behavior therapy treatment. A mixed methods approach was used; qualitative data from the interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis and were combined with quantitative data from the questionnaires. RESULTS Participants (N=24) who were receiving dialectical behavior therapy used the trial app. Participants (n=20) completed an evaluation questionnaire and a subset of this group (n=8) participated in semistructured interviews. Major themes that were identified from the interviews were (1) an overall positive experience of using the app—participants perceived that the app facilitated access and implementation of dialectical behavior therapy strategies (to regulate mood and behavior in challenging situations)—and (2) that the app provided a common source of information for patient and therapist interactions—app-based interactions were perceived to facilitate therapeutic alliance. Qualitative themes from the interviews were largely congruent with the quantitative responses from the questionnaires. CONCLUSIONS Participants welcomed the integration of technology as a supplement to clinical treatment. The app was perceived to facilitate and support many of the therapeutic techniques associated with dialectical behavior therapy treatment. The incorporation of technology into psychotherapeutic interventions may facilitate the transfer of knowledge and strategies that are learned in therapy to use in real-world settings thereby promoting recovery from mental health problems.

Mental Health for Asexual Individuals

2020 ◽  
pp. 317-329
Author(s):  
Esther D. Rothblum
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Sexual Desire ◽  
Sexual Attraction ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Low Sexual Desire

The present chapter focuses on the mental health of individuals who identify as asexual, defined as not having feelings of sexual attraction for other people. It focuses on population-based studies of the prevalence of asexuality and demographic characteristics of asexual respondents in these surveys. The author describes the stigma of asexual identity as perceived by asexual individuals and by society, as well as the advantages that asexual individuals cite. The author also reviews how low sexual desire is described in the current Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. The chapter reviews the (scant) literature on asexual mental health and ends with some implications for future research.

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