The Relation between Perceptual and Language Deficits in Stroke Patients

1989 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Smith ◽  
N B Lincoln
Keyword(s):  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Language Impairment ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Language Tests ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Language Problems ◽  
The Relationship

The study investigates the relationship between the performance of stroke patients on tests of perception and language. It has been suggested that stroke patients with left hemisphere damage may perform poorly on tests of visual perception due to language problems affecting their understanding of the task. Results indicated that there was no significant difference between stroke patients with right hemisphere, dysphasic left hemisphere and non-dysphasic left hemisphere damage on perceptual tests. Few significant correlations were found between scores on the perceptual tests and scores on the language tests, suggesting that the poor performance of dysphasic patients cannot be explained by language impairment alone.

That Can't Be Right! What Causes Pragmatic Language Impairment Following Right Hemisphere Damage?

2006 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 202-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingerith Martin ◽  
Skye McDonald
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Language Impairment ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Weak Central Coherence ◽  
Central Coherence ◽  
Pragmatic Language ◽  
Right Hemisphere Damage ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Pragmatic Language Impairment

AbstractRight hemisphere damage (RHD) following unilateral stroke is often associated with impairment of pragmatic language, specifically, the ability to comprehend inferences that arise from language used in context. Three kinds of cognitive deficits have been proposed to explain the pragmatic deficits in RHD individuals, impaired Theory of Mind (TOM), weak central coherence (CC), and impaired executive function (EF). This study aims to evaluate the explanatory ability of these theories in relation to the comprehension of nonliteral (ironic) jokes versus literal lies. Twenty-one RHD patients and 21 age-matched controls were assessed on tasks tapping TOM, CC processing and general inference ability (EF) and the comprehension of irony. Second-order TOM and EF were found to play a significant role. However, neither construct, either in isolation or combined, completely explained the poor performance of RHD patients on this task compared to control participants.

scholarly journals A Comparative Study on the Effect of Task Specific Training on Right Versus Left Chronic Stroke Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (21) ◽  
pp. 7950
Author(s):  
Reem M. Alwhaibi ◽  
Noha F. Mahmoud ◽  
Hoda M. Zakaria ◽  
Wanees M. Badawy ◽  
Mahmoud Y. Elzanaty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Motor Function ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Specific Training ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Brain Reorganization

Functional impairment of the upper limb (UL) after stroke is a great problem. Finding methods that can improve UL function after stroke is a major concern to all medical service providers. This study was intended to compare the effect of upper limb task specific training (TST) on brain excitability of the affected hemisphere and motor function improvements in patients with left and right stroke. Forty male patients with mild impairment of UL functions were divided into two equal groups; G1 consisted of patients with left hemisphere affection (right side stroke) while G2 consisted of patients with right hemisphere affection (left side stroke). All patients received TST for the affected UL for one hour, three sessions per week for six consecutive weeks. Evaluation was performed twice, pre-, and post-treatment. Outcome measures used were Wolf Motor Function Test (WMFT) and Box and Block Test (BBT) as measures of UL motor function and Quantitative Electroencephalogram (QEEG) of motor and sensory areas of the affected hemisphere as a measure of brain reorganization post-stroke. Both groups showed improvement in motor function of the affected UL measured by WMFT and BBT with reported significant difference between them. G1 showed greater improvement in motor function of the affected UL post-treatment compared to G2. Additionally, there was a significant increase in peak frequency of motor and sensory areas with higher and significant excitability in G1 only. These findings imply that brain reorganization in the left hemisphere responded more to TST compared to the right hemisphere. Based on findings of the current study, we can recommend adding TST to the physical therapy program in stroke patients with left hemisphere lesions.

Acquisition and Retention of Motor Skills as a Function of Age and Aerobic Fitness

2001 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 425-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer L Etnier ◽  
Diana H. Romero ◽  
Tinna Traustadóttir
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Ability ◽  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Motor Skills ◽  
Aerobic Fitness ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Relative Increase ◽  
Relative Decrease ◽  
The Relationship

Evidence suggests that cognitive ability declines with advancing age but that aerobic fitness can serve to minimize or even negate these declines. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between age, fitness, and retention. Twenty younger (M=24.2 years) and 18 older adults (M=66.6 years) practiced on the mirror star trace until they achieved a criterion. VO2max was measured. The number of trials required to reach criterion was predicted by VO2max, p < .001. and age, p < .02. Retention distance was also predicted by VO2max, p < .001, and age, p < .001. Analysis of relative alpha change at P3 and F4 indicated that a relative increase in left-hemisphere alpha and a relative decrease in right-hemisphere alpha were associated with retention errors. Thus, older and less aerobically fit adults required more trials to reach criterion and performed less well at retention, and changes in brain activity were associated with retention errors.

Language Hemispheric Dominance in Patients with Congenital Lesions of Eloquent Brain

Neurosurgery ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 562-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric M. Vikingstad ◽  
Yue Cao ◽  
Ajith J. Thomas ◽  
Alex F. Johnson ◽  
Ghaus M. Malik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Development ◽  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Hemispheric Dominance ◽  
Similar Process ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Congenital Lesions ◽  
Language Representation ◽  
The Right

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE In 90% of normal subjects, the left hemisphere is dominant for language function. We investigated whether congenital lesions of the left perisylvian regions altered cortical language representation in right-handed individuals. METHODS Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we studied language hemispheric dominance in five right-handed adult patients with congenitally acquired arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) originating from left hemispheric cortical language regions. The AVMs had not caused neurological symptoms during early development, but patients presented as adults with migraine, seizure, or minor hemorrhage. Results obtained from the AVM patients were contrasted to those from right-handed brain-injured stroke patients recovering from aphasia and to those from right-handed normal subjects. RESULTS During silent picture naming and verb generation tasks, cortical language networks lateralized primarily to the right hemisphere in the AVM group, compared with the left hemisphere in the normal group. This right hemisphere-shifted language network in the AVM group exceeded the shifts toward right hemispheric dominance found in the stroke group. CONCLUSION Patients with AVMs affecting the left perisylvian regions recruited the right hemisphere into language processing networks during early development, presumably in response to congenitally aberrant circulation. This early right hemisphere recruitment in the AVM patients exceeded the similar process in the brains of stroke patients whose left cortical language networks were damaged in adulthood. Our data provide evidence of effective plasticity in the developing human brain compared with the mature brain response to injury. Knowledge of cortical language representation should assist presurgical planning in patients with developmental anomalies affecting apparently language-dominant brain regions.

The Relationship of Language and Emotion Regulation Skills to Reticence in Children With Specific Language Impairment

2004 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 637-646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Fujiki ◽  
Matthew P. Spackman ◽  
Bonnie Brinton ◽  
Andrea Hall
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Language Impairment ◽  
Specific Language Impairment ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Teacher Behavior ◽  
Language Ability ◽  
Specific Language ◽  
Behavior Rating Scale ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Relationship

This study examined the relationship between emotion regulation, language ability, and reticent behavior in children with specific language impairment (SLI) and their typical peers. Participants included 43 children with SLI and 43 typically developing children, for a total sample of 86 participants. Children were selected from 2 age ranges: 5–8 years and 9–12 years. The Emotion Regulation Checklist (ERC; A. Shields & D. Cicchetti, 1997, 1998) and the Teacher Behavior Rating Scale (TBRS; C. H. Hart & C. C. Robinson, 1996) were completed by each child’s teacher to provide measures of emotion regulation and reticence, respectively. The Comprehensive Assessment of Spoken Language (CASL; E. Carrow-Woodfolk, 1999) was administered to provide a measure of language ability. A regression analysis including all participants indicated that the emotion regulation scores and the CASL scores were significant predictors of the reticence scores, accounting for 43% of the variance. Group-specific analyses were then conducted to determine whether the 2 predictor scales differentially predicted reticence based on language and age groups. None of the tests exceeded the.05 level, indicating that there was no significant difference in predictive power on the 2 factors in question. KEY WORDS: emotion regulation, language impairment, reticence, withdrawal, socioemotional

Objective Indices of Severity of Chronic Aphasia in Stroke Patients

1971 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron Smith
Keyword(s):  
Language Impairment ◽  
Speech Comprehension ◽  
Auditory Comprehension ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Cerebrovascular Lesions ◽  
Highly Educated ◽  
Language Functions ◽  
Left Handed ◽  
Language Tests ◽  
Chronic Aphasia

Standardized language tests of 78 stroke patients with chronic aphasia indicated: (1) All four language components were impaired in all 78 aphasics. (2) The severity of comprehension defect generally reflected the severity of overall language impairment. (3) In hemiplegics and nonhemiplegics, writing was more severely impaired than speech, comprehension, and reading. (4) Severity of language defects increased with advancing age. (5) Residual language functions in highly educated aphasics were greater than those in less educated aphasics. (6) Left-handed adults are less likely than dextrals to sustain chronic aphasia as a result of cerebrovascular lesions. (7) Patterns of associated language defects did not coincide with the traditional dichotomy of Broca’s “motor” vs Wernicke’s “sensory” and “conduction” aphasia as originally described. Marked impairment in visual ideational, spatial, and memory functions characteristic of deficits resulting from right posterior lesions was associated with severe comprehension defects. Since the same finding was consistently reported in several earlier studies, the results suggest that (1) cerebrovascular lesions resulting in chronic aphasia involve the nondominant as well as the left hemisphere more frequently than is commonly believed, and (2) the nondominant hemisphere plays a significant role in auditory comprehension and in recovery of language functions in aphasia.

The relationship between smooth pursuit eye movement impairment and psychological measures of psychopathology

1989 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 343-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert D. Coursey ◽  
Richard W. Lees ◽  
Larry J. Siever
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Pursuit ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Motor Dysfunction ◽  
Psychological Measures ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Male College ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Identity Problems ◽  
Infrared Tracking

SynopsisTwo hundred and eighty-four male college volunteers were screened for smooth pursuit eyetracking deficiencies, a commonly reported concomitant of schizophrenia. A sample of 36 subjects, weighted with poor eyetrackers, was brought into the National Institute of Mental Health laboratory and retested on electro-oculogram and infrared tracking procedures. They were also administered psychological tests which assessed nine dimensions relevant to schizophrenic, neuropsychological, and affective disorders. In the area of schizophrenia-like symptoms, measures of attention deficits, stimulation avoidance, and identity problems predicted poor eyetracking for the whole sample. Using the poor eyetracking subjects alone (N = 24), interpersonal withdrawal was also significantly related to poor performance but not stimulation avoidance. In the neuropsychological area, measures of attention control and perceptual-motor dysfunction for the total sample, and perceptual problems and general intellectual decrements for the poor eyetrackers were significantly related to poor performance. There was no relationship between measures of affective dysfunction and poor eyetracking.

Consequences of Right Cerebrovascular Accident on Emotional Functioning: Diagnostic and Treatment Implications

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 25-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hulya Erhan ◽  
Elizabeth Ochoa ◽  
Joan Borod ◽  
Todd Feinberg
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Disorders ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Lesion Location ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Specific Factors ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Right Hemisphere Stroke

AbstractThe relationship between lesion location and neuropsychiatric sequelae in stroke patients has been extensively studied. Emotional disorders associated with right hemisphere stroke include depression, anxiety, anger, and/or mania. Pharmacotherapy, electroconvulsive therapy, and/or psychotherapy are common treatments for these disorders. This article reviews the clinical presentations of seven right hemisphere stroke patients. The treatment rationale and course of treatment are described for two of these patients. The aims of this paper are to explore the appropriateness of various assessment tools and treatment modalities for stroke patients as well as to demonstrate the techniques of psychotherapy as applied to the two cases featured in this article. Specific factors that may significantly influence treatment outcome, such as lesion location and degree of cognitive impairment, are considered.

scholarly journals Language Neuroplasticity in Brain Tumor Patients Revealed by Magnetoencephalography

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (8) ◽  
pp. 1497-1507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vitória Piai ◽  
Elke De Witte ◽  
Joanna Sierpowska ◽  
Xiaochen Zheng ◽  
Leighton B. Hinkley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tumor ◽  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Amplitude Modulation ◽  
Language Impairment ◽  
Picture Naming ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Neuronal Response ◽  
Naming Task ◽  
Tumor Patients ◽  
The Right

Little is known about language impairment in brain tumor patients, especially in the presurgical phase. Impairment in this population may be missed because standardized tests fail to capture mild deficits. Additionally, neuroplasticity may also contribute to minimizing language impairments. We examined 14 presurgical patients with brain tumors in the language-dominant hemisphere using magnetoencephalography (MEG) while they performed a demanding picture–word interference task, that is, participants name pictures while ignoring distractor words. Brain tumor patients had behavioral picture-naming effects typically observed in healthy controls. The MEG responses also showed the expected pattern in its timing and amplitude modulation typical of controls, but with an altered spatial distribution of right hemisphere sources, in contrast to the classic left hemisphere source found in healthy individuals. This finding supports tumor-induced neural reorganization of language before surgery. Crucially, the use of electrophysiology allowed us to show the “same” neuronal response in terms of its timing and amplitude modulation in the right hemisphere, supporting the hypothesis that the processes performed by the right hemisphere following reorganization are similar in nature to those (previously) performed by the left hemisphere. We also identified one participant with a fast-growing tumor affecting large parts of critical language areas and underlying ventral and dorsal white matter tracts who showed a deviant pattern in behavior and in the MEG event-related responses. In conclusion, our results attest to the validity of using a demanding picture-naming task in presurgical patients and provide evidence for neuroplasticity, with the right hemisphere performing similar computations as the left hemisphere typically performs.

scholarly journals Left egocentric neglect in early subacute right-stroke patients is related to damage of the superior longitudinal fasciculus

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Spanò ◽  
Davide Nardo ◽  
Giovanni Giulietti ◽  
Alessandro Matano ◽  
Ilenia Salsano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Neural Substrates ◽  
Spatial Neglect ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Superior Longitudinal Fasciculus ◽  
Unilateral Spatial Neglect ◽  
Object Based ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractA typical consequence of stroke in the right hemisphere is unilateral spatial neglect. Distinct forms of neglect have been described, such as space-based (egocentric) and object-based (allocentric) neglect. However, the relationship between these two forms of neglect is still far from being understood, as well as their neural substrates. Here, we further explore this issue by using voxel lesion symptoms mapping (VLSM) analyses on a large sample of early subacute right-stroke patients assessed with the Apples Cancellation Test. This is a sensitive test that simultaneously measures both egocentric and allocentric neglect. Behaviourally, we found no correlation between egocentric and allocentric performance, indicating independent mechanisms supporting the two forms of neglect. This was confirmed by the VLSM analysis that pointed out a link between a damage in the superior longitudinal fasciculus and left egocentric neglect. By contrast, no association was found between brain damage and left allocentric neglect. These results indicate a higher probability to observe egocentric neglect as a consequence of white matter damages in the superior longitudinal fasciculus, while allocentric neglect appears more “globally” related to the whole lesion map. Overall, these findings on early subacute right-stroke patients highlight the role played by white matter integrity in sustaining attention-related operations within an egocentric frame of reference.

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