Applications of remote sensing in geomorphology

2009 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 568-582 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.J. Smith ◽  
C.F. Pain
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Process Characterization ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Wide Availability ◽  
Close Range ◽  
Current Context ◽  
Resolution Imaging ◽  
The Impact

Remotely sensed imagery has been used extensively in geomorphology since the availability of early Landsat data, with its value measurable by the extent to which it can meet the investigative requirements of geomorphologists. Geomorphology focuses upon landform description/classification, process characterization and the association between landforms and processes, while remote sensing is able to provide information on the location/distribution of landforms, surface/subsurface composition and surface elevation. The current context for the application of remote sensing in geomorphology is presented with a particular focus upon the impact of new technologies, in particular: (1) the wide availability of digital elevation models; and (2) the introduction of hyperspectral imaging, radiometrics and electromagnetics. Remote sensing is also beginning to offer capacity in terms of close-range (<200 m) techniques for very high-resolution imaging. This paper reviews the primary sources for DEMs from satellite and airborne platforms, as well as briefly reviewing more traditional multispectral scanners, and radiometric and electromagnetic systems. Examples of the applications of these techniques are summarized and presented within the context of geomorphometric analysis and spectral modelling. Finally, the wider issues of access to geographic information and data distribution are discussed.

scholarly journals Investigating the Impact of Digital Elevation Models on Sentinel-1 Backscatter and Coherence Observations

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (18) ◽  
pp. 3016
Author(s):  
Ignacio Borlaf-Mena ◽  
Maurizio Santoro ◽  
Ludovic Villard ◽  
Ovidiu Badea ◽  
Mihai Andrei Tanase
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Digital Elevation Models ◽  
Shuttle Radar Topography Mission ◽  
Synthetic Aperture ◽  
Mountainous Regions ◽  
Aerial Laser Scanning ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Impact

Spaceborne remote sensing can track ecosystems changes thanks to continuous and systematic coverage at short revisit intervals. Active remote sensing from synthetic aperture radar (SAR) sensors allows day and night imaging as they are not affected by cloud cover and solar illumination and can capture unique information about its targets. However, SAR observations are affected by the coupled effect of viewing geometry and terrain topography. The study aims to assess the impact of global digital elevation models (DEMs) on the normalization of Sentinel-1 backscattered intensity and interferometric coherence. For each DEM, we analyzed the difference between orbit tracks, the difference with results obtained with a high-resolution local DEM, and the impact on land cover classification. Tests were carried out at two sites located in mountainous regions in Romania and Spain using the SRTM (Shuttle Radar Topography Mission, 30 m), AW3D (ALOS (Advanced Land Observation Satellite) World 3D, 30 m), TanDEM-X (12.5, 30, 90 m), and Spain national ALS (aerial laser scanning) based DEM (5 m resolution). The TanDEM-X DEM was the global DEM most suitable for topographic normalization, since it provided the smallest differences between orbital tracks, up to 3.5 dB smaller than with other DEMs for peak landform, and 1.4–1.9 dB for pit and valley landforms.

scholarly journals ORIENTATION AND CALIBRATION REQUIREMENTS FOR HYPERPECTRAL IMAGING USING UAVs: A CASE STUDY

2016 ◽  
Vol XL-3/W4 ◽  
pp. 109-115
Author(s):  
A. M. G. Tommaselli ◽  
A. Berveglieri ◽  
R. A. Oliveira ◽  
L. Y. Nagai ◽  
E. Honkavaara
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Spectral Bands ◽  
Operational Problem ◽  
Fabry Perot ◽  
Agricultural Applications ◽  
Close Range ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Hyperspectral Camera

Flexible tools for photogrammetry and remote sensing using unmanned airborne vehicles (UAVs) have been attractive topics of research and development. The lightweight hyperspectral camera based on a Fabry-Pérot interferometer (FPI) is one of the highly interesting tools for UAV based remote sensing for environmental and agricultural applications. The camera used in this study acquires images from different wavelengths by changing the FPI gap and using two CMOS sensors. Due to the acquisition principle of this camera, the interior orientation parameters (IOP) of the spectral bands can vary for each band and sensor and changing the configuration also would change these sets of parameters posing an operational problem when several bands configurations are being used. The objective of this study is to assess the impact of use IOPs estimated for some bands in one configuration for other bands of different configuration the FPI camera, considering different IOP and EOP constraints. The experiments were performed with two FPI-hyperspectral camera data sets: the first were collected 3D terrestrial close-range calibration field and the second onboard of an UAV in a parking area in the interior of São Paulo State.

scholarly journals ORIENTATION AND CALIBRATION REQUIREMENTS FOR HYPERPECTRAL IMAGING USING UAVs: A CASE STUDY

2016 ◽  
Vol XL-3/W4 ◽  
pp. 109-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. G. Tommaselli ◽  
A. Berveglieri ◽  
R. A. Oliveira ◽  
L. Y. Nagai ◽  
E. Honkavaara
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Spectral Bands ◽  
Operational Problem ◽  
Fabry Perot ◽  
Agricultural Applications ◽  
Close Range ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Hyperspectral Camera

Flexible tools for photogrammetry and remote sensing using unmanned airborne vehicles (UAVs) have been attractive topics of research and development. The lightweight hyperspectral camera based on a Fabry-Pérot interferometer (FPI) is one of the highly interesting tools for UAV based remote sensing for environmental and agricultural applications. The camera used in this study acquires images from different wavelengths by changing the FPI gap and using two CMOS sensors. Due to the acquisition principle of this camera, the interior orientation parameters (IOP) of the spectral bands can vary for each band and sensor and changing the configuration also would change these sets of parameters posing an operational problem when several bands configurations are being used. The objective of this study is to assess the impact of use IOPs estimated for some bands in one configuration for other bands of different configuration the FPI camera, considering different IOP and EOP constraints. The experiments were performed with two FPI-hyperspectral camera data sets: the first were collected 3D terrestrial close-range calibration field and the second onboard of an UAV in a parking area in the interior of São Paulo State.

scholarly journals The DIARS toolbox: a spatially explicit approach to monitor alien plant invasions through remote sensing

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. e25301
Author(s):  
Carol X. Garzon-Lopez ◽  
Tarek Hattab ◽  
Sandra Skowronek ◽  
Raf Aerts ◽  
Michael Ewald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Open Source ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Plant Invasions ◽  
Alien Plant ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Sensing Data ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Scientific Advances

The synergies between remote sensing technologies and ecological research have opened new avenues for the study of alien plant invasions worldwide. Such scientific advances have greatly improved our capacity to issue warnings, develop early-response systems and assess the impacts of alien plant invasions on biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. Hitherto, practical applications of remote sensing approaches to support nature conservation actions are lagging far behind scientific advances. Yet, for some of these technologies, knowledge transfer is difficult due to the complexity of the different data handling procedures and the huge amounts of data it involves per spatial unit. In this context, the next logical step is to develop clear guidelines for the application of remote sensing data to monitor and assess the impacts of alien plant invasions, that enable scientists, landscape managers and policy makers to fully exploit the tools which are currently available. It is desirable to have such guidelines accompanied by freely available remote sensing data and generated in a free and open source environment that increases the availability and affordability of these new technologies. Here we present a toolbox that provides an easy-to-use, flexible, transparent and open source set of tools to sample, map, model and assess the impact of alien plant invasions using two high-resolution remote sensing products (hyperspectral and LiDAR images). This online toolbox includes a real case dataset designed to facilitate testing and training in any computer system and processing capacity.

scholarly journals Robotics in Education: A Smart and Innovative Approach to the Challenges of the 21st Century

2021 ◽  
pp. 17-26
Author(s):  
Laura Screpanti ◽  
Beatrice Miotti ◽  
Andrea Monteriù
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Technology In Education ◽  
Good Practices ◽  
Learning And Teaching ◽  
School Activities ◽  
Broad Term ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Wide Availability ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Robotics In Education

AbstractRobotics in Education (RiE) is a broad term that refers to a variety of applications. Robots can enhance learning and teaching, but they can also help overcome impairments, whether physical or social. Even though the advantages of bringing new technologies into schools are clear, the lack of a well-established set of good practices, assessment of experiences, and tools slows down their adoption. This chapter aims to highlight the key points that emerge from the recent enhancements in RiE. First, the market and research are continuously developing new tools for school to try to meet needs and tailor products. Second, there is a wealth of formal and non-formal experiences, both in the literature and in school activities. Third, research is still validating tools and methodologies that will assess the impact of introducing robotics into education. Despite the wide availability of tools and experiences, there is still a certain degree of uncertainty about how to cope with technology in education and how to evaluate the outcomes of such activities. The increasing cross-pollination between schools and researchers from different fields is producing valuable experiences that will soon close the gap.

Remote Sensing for Spatio-temporal Mapping of Land surface temperature and Surface Energy Fluxes in the Bouregreg-Chaouia Region of Morocco

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-35
Author(s):  
Abdelouhed Farah ◽  
Ahmed Algouti ◽  
Abdellah Algouti ◽  
Mohammed Ifkirne ◽  
Abdellatif Rafik
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
The Impact

In recent decades, the Bouregreg Chaouia region has been subject to urban growth and a reduction in agricultural land in this region, which has changed its environmental variables and made it vulnerable to climate change. This work raises the spatiotemporal monitoring of land use and certain environmental parameters (vegetation cover, albedo, surface temperature from 1987 to 2015 by exploring intelligent spatial data in the region. The remote sensing products were computed from Landsat 5 TM, Landsat 7 ETM+ and Landsat 8 Oli/TIRS images obtained during the dry seasons 1987, 2000 and 2015. The results showed a reduction in NDVI vegetation index (∼0.86 in 1987 to ∼0. 56 in 2000 to ∼ 0.54 in 2015) and with an increase in surface albedo (0.51 in 1987 to 0.52 in 2000 to 0. 69 in 2015), temperature (∼67°C in 1987 to 54°C in 2000 to 40°C in 2015) and to understand the impact of urbanization on the variation of environmental parameters, the evolution of the built-up area has been followed as a determining factor. However, it recorded 3.27% surface area in 1987 to 7.45% in 2000 to 28.18% in 2015. Indeed, the contribution of new technologies (GIS and remote sensing) is essential for better management and monitoring of the impact of urban expansion on the state of the environment. The results obtained remain so promising and highlight the contribution and feasibility of intelligent spatial data to assess the evolution of the urban environment on a large scale.

Is technological change a devourer of jobs?

2017 ◽  
pp. 111-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Kapeliushnikov
Keyword(s):  
Technological Change ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Employment Growth ◽  
Foreseeable Future ◽  
Employment Effects ◽  
Technological Unemployment ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
Task Sets ◽  
The Impact

The paper provides a critical analysis of the idea of technological unemployment. The overview of the existing literature on the employment effects of technological change shows that on the micro-level there exists strong and positive relationship between innovations and employment growth in firms; on the sectoral level this correlation becomes ambiguous; on the macro-level the impact of new technologies seems to be positive or neutral. This implies that fears of explosive growth of technological unemployment in the foreseeable future are exaggerated. Our analysis further suggests that new technologies affect mostly the structure of employment rather than its level. Additionally we argue that automation and digitalisation would change mostly task sets within particular occupations rather than distribution of workers by occupations.

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