Prediction of the skeletal medio-lateral dimension using non-invasive anthropometric measurements for the provision of ischial containment sockets: A pilot study

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael P Dillon ◽  
Stefan Laux ◽  
Richard GD Fernandez
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Input Data ◽  
Anthropometric Measurements ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lateral Dimension ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Computed Tomography Scans

Background:Great emphasis is placed on the skeletal medio-lateral to maintain the normal adduction of the remnant femur and to ensure coronal plane stability in an ischial containment socket. Given the invasiveness of the skeletal medio-lateral measurement, an alternative approach using prediction based on non-invasive measures would be welcomed.Objectives:Determine the accuracy with which the skeletal medio-lateral dimension could be predicted using sex, stature, anterior–posterior dimension and iliofemoral angle.Study design:Cross-sectional.Method:Anthropometric measurements on 77 persons were recorded and used as input data into a standard multiple regression.Results:The regression model explained 59% of the variance in skeletal medio-lateral ( r2= 0.59) that was statistically significant ( F(4, 72) = 25.37, p = 0.000). Only sex contributed significantly to the prediction of skeletal medio-lateral ( β = 0.67, t = 6.15, p = 0.00). The degree of error associated with the regression model (sum of squared errors = 0.009) indicated that the actual skeletal medio-lateral could be predicted within ±18 mm in 95% of the cases.Conclusion:The regression model is not sufficiently accurate to predict skeletal medio-lateral for clinical purposes. Accuracy of the prediction could be improved with more accurate input data from computed tomography scans and use of other independent variables that explain the unique variance not already described by the participants’ sex.Clinical relevanceThis pilot study demonstrates potential for the skeletal medio-lateral to be predicted using non-invasive anthropometric measurements. Given this proof of concept, future investigators should use more accurate input data from computed tomography scans and identify alternative independent variables that explain the variance in the skeletal medio-lateral not attributable to sex.

Correlation between tympanometry volume and three-dimensional computed tomography mastoid volumetry in tympanoplasty candidates

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
L Epprecht ◽  
L Qingsong ◽  
N Stenz ◽  
S Hashimi ◽  
T Linder
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Tympanic Membrane ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
Radiation Injury ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Tympanic Membrane Perforations ◽  
Computed Tomography Scans ◽  
Air Cells ◽  
Mastoid Air Cells

Abstract Objective Ventilation of the middle ear and mastoid air cells is believed to play an important role in the pathogenesis of chronic ear disease. Traditionally, ventilation is assessed by computed tomography. However, this exposes patients to cumulative radiation injury. In cases with a perforation in the tympanic membrane, tympanometry potentially presents a non-invasive alternative to measure the ventilated middle-ear and mastoid air cell volume. This study hypothesised that total tympanometry volume correlates with ventilated middle-ear and mastoid air cell volume. Method Total tympanometry volume was compared with ventilated middle-ear and mastoid air cell volume on computed tomography scans in 20 tympanic membrane perforations. Results There was a high correlation between tympanometry and computed tomography volumes (r = 0.78; p < 0.001). A tympanometry volume more than 2 ml predicted good ventilation on computed tomography. Conclusion These results may help reduce the need for pre-operative computed tomography in uncomplicated cases with tympanic membrane perforations.

Non-invasive investigation of the cross-sectional solids distribution in CFB risers by X-ray computed tomography

2016 ◽  
Vol 297 ◽  
pp. 247-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timo Hensler ◽  
Markus Firsching ◽  
Juan Sebastian Gomez Bonilla ◽  
Thorsten Wörlein ◽  
Norman Uhlmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
X Ray Computed ◽  
The Cross

The Hyoid Bone in Malay Infants with Cleft Lip and Palate

2006 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 532-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zainul A. Rajion ◽  
Grant C. Townsend ◽  
David J. Netherway ◽  
Peter J. Anderson ◽  
Toby Hughes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Software Package ◽  
Hyoid Bone ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Computed Tomography Scans ◽  
Age Range

Objective: To compare morphological and positional variations of the hyoid bone in unoperated infants with cleft lip and palate (CL/P) with those in noncleft infants. Design: Retrospective, cross sectional. Patients and Methods: Three-dimensional computed tomography scans were obtained from 29 unoperated CL/P infants of Malay origin aged between 0 and 12 months and from 12 noncleft infants in the same age range. Observations were made and measurements were obtained with a software package developed at the Australian Craniofacial Unit. The sizes of the hyoid bones and the position of the hyoid body and epiglottis in relation to the cervical spine were measured. Anatomical anomalies of the hyoid and prevalence of aspiration pneumonia were also documented. Results: The hyoid bones and epiglottis were found to be located more inferiorly in CL/P infants compared with the noncleft infants. Also, 17% (5/29) of the CL/P infants had nonossified hyoid bodies. Conclusion: The results suggest that there are differences in the location and genesis of the hyoid bone in infants with CL/P that warrant further investigation.

scholarly journals Hyperglycemia in pediatric head trauma patients: a cross-sectional study

2009 ◽  
Vol 67 (3b) ◽  
pp. 804-806 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Roberto Tude Melo ◽  
Rodolfo Casimiro Reis ◽  
Laudenor Pereira Lemos-Júnior ◽  
Henrique Miguel Santos Coelho ◽  
Carlos Eduardo Romeu de Almeida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Head Trauma ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cranial Computed Tomography ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Severe Head Trauma ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Computed Tomography Scans

OBJECTIVE: To verify the prevalence of acute hyperglycemia in children with head trauma stratified by the Glasgow coma scale (GCS). METHOD: A prospective cross-sectional study carried out with information from medical records of pediatric patients presenting with head injury in the emergency room of a referral emergency hospital during a one year period. We considered the cut-off value of 150 mg/dL to define hyperglycemia. RESULTS: A total of 340 children were included and 60 (17.6%) had admission hyperglycemia. Hyperglycemia was present in 9% of mild head trauma cases; 30.4% of those with moderate head trauma and 49% of severe head trauma. We observed that among children with higher blood glucose levels, 85% had abnormal findings on cranial computed tomography scans. CONCLUSION: Hyperglycemia was more prevalent in patients with severe head trauma (GCS <8), regardless if they had or not multiple traumas and in children with abnormal findings on head computed tomography scans.

Loss of abdominal domain: Is it the abdominal wall or contents?

Trauma ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 189-193
Author(s):  
Luke R Johnston ◽  
Shabnam Hafiz ◽  
Arnold Raizon ◽  
Jack A Sava
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Abdominal Wall ◽  
Open Abdomen ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Volume Changes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Abdominal Hypertension ◽  
Computed Tomography Scans ◽  
Abdominal Compartment

Background Intra-abdominal hypertension and abdominal compartment syndrome are significant sources of morbidity and mortality in the post-surgical and trauma patient. Several anatomic variables may contribute to the inability to close the abdomen such as retraction of the abdominal wall and intra-abdominal volume changes. This study seeks to quantify these changes and determined which predominates. Methods Retrospective analysis of computed tomography scans of patients whose abdomens could not be closed secondary to intra-abdominal hypertension. Patients were included who had computed tomography scans available with both an open abdomen and after primary abdominal wall closure. Abdominal wall lengths along with total abdominal, intra-peritoneal, and retroperitoneal cross-sectional areas were measured at two anatomic levels. Results Seven patients’ computed tomography scans were evaluated. The closed abdominal wall lengths averaged 2.3 cm and 2.1 cm longer after closure at each point of measurement (p = 0.002 and p = 0.03). Total abdominal cross-sectional area decreased post-closure by 14% for both measurements (p = 0.009 and p = 0.04). Conclusion Measurable increases in intra-abdominal cross-sectional area and decreases in abdominal wall length both contribute to the inability to safely close the abdomen in patients with intra-abdominal hypertension. These findings support the use of multimodal techniques in the management of the open abdomen.

A Three-Dimensional Computed Tomographic Analysis of the Cervical Spine in Unoperated Infants with Cleft Lip and Palate

2006 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 513-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zainul A. Rajion ◽  
Grant C. Townsend ◽  
David J. Netherway ◽  
Peter J. Anderson ◽  
Asilah Yusof ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Abnormal Development ◽  
Posterior Arch ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Computed Tomography Scans ◽  
Vertebral Bodies

Objective: To investigate anatomical variations and abnormalities of cervical spine morphology in unoperated infants with cleft lip and palate. Design: Retrospective cross-sectional investigation of infants born with nonsyndromic cleft lip and palate using computed tomography scans acquired for investigation of a spectrum of clinical conditions. Setting: Computed tomography scan data were obtained from 29 unoperated cleft lip and palate infants and 12 noncleft infants of Malay origin, ages 0 to 12 months. Methods: Observational study of cervical spine computed tomography scans. Heights of cervical vertebral bodies (C2-C7) and intervertebral spaces were measured from landmarks identified from computed tomography reformats and three-dimensional computed tomography reconstructions. Linear modeling of heights and spaces, with age as a covariate, was undertaken to identify differences between the samples. Results: Anomalous features observed in the cleft lip and palate sample included short posterior arch of C1 (2/29), abnormal development of the anterior arch of C1 (2/29), and fusions of the posterior arch of C2 and C3 (2/29). No anomalies of the cervical spine were observed in the noncleft sample. Although the heights of three cervical vertebral bodies were significantly smaller and two intervertebral spaces were significantly larger in infants with cleft lip and palate compared with noncleft infants (p < .05), overall length of the cervical spine did not differ significantly between the samples. Conclusion: There was evidence for subtle upper spinal anomalies in the infant cleft lip and palate population. Our finding of reduced size of some cervical vertebral bodies may reflect delayed upper spinal development in infants with cleft lip and palate.

scholarly journals When the non-contrast-enhanced phase is unnecessary in abdominal computed tomography scans? A retrospective analysis of 244 cases

2013 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 197-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danilo Manuel Cerqueira Costa ◽  
Priscila Silveira Salvadori ◽  
Rodrigo da Fonseca Monjardim ◽  
Elisa Almeida Sathler Bretas ◽  
Lucas Rios Torres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Acute Abdomen ◽  
Tumor Staging ◽  
Contrast Injection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Abdominal Computed Tomography ◽  
Clinical Indications ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Computed Tomography Scans

Objective: To evaluate the necessity of the non contrast-enhanced phase in abdominal computed tomography scans. Materials and Methods: A retrospective, cross-sectional, observational study was developed, evaluating 244 consecutive abdominal computed tomography scans both with and without contrast injection. Initially, the contrast-enhanced images were analyzed (first analysis). Subsequently, the observers had access to the non-contrast-enhanced images for a second analysis. The primary and secondary diagnoses were established as a function of the clinical indications for each study (such as tumor staging, acute abdomen, investigation for abdominal collection and hepatocellular carcinoma, among others). Finally, the changes in the diagnoses resulting from the addition of the non-contrast-enhanced phase were evaluated. Results: Only one (0.4%; p > 0.999; non-statistically significant) out of the 244 reviewed cases had the diagnosis changed after the reading of non-contrast-enhanced images. As the secondary diagnoses are considered, 35 (14%) cases presented changes after the second analysis, as follows: nephrolithiasis (10%), steatosis (3%), adrenal nodule (0.7%) and cholelithiasis (0.3%). Conclusion: For the clinical indications of tumor staging, acute abdomen, investigation of abdominal collections and hepatocellular carcinoma, the non-contrast-enhanced phase can be excluded from abdominal computed tomography studies with no significant impact on the diagnosis.

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