scholarly journals External Abdominal Aortic Compression: A Study of a Resuscitation Manoeuvre for Postpartum Haemorrhage

1994 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 571-575 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. P. Riley ◽  
R. W. Burgess
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Postpartum Haemorrhage ◽  
Aortic Occlusion ◽  
Medical Assistance ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Abdominal Aortic ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Blood Pressures ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
And Control

External aortic compression is an emergency manoeuvre proposed to reduce postpartum haemorrhage and permit time for resuscitation and control of bleeding. To assess this technique, a prospective study was performed on twenty normal non-bleeding parturients. The abdominal aorta was compressed by firm pressure with a closed fist just above the umbilicus. Leg and arm arterial blood pressures were measured and femoral artery pulsation felt before, during and after compression. Leg blood pressure was completely obliterated in 55% and significantly reduced (P < 0.01) in a further 10% of subjects. All of these subjects with reduced or absent leg blood pressure also had obliteration of the femoral pulse with compression. Systemic arterial blood pressure was not significantly elevated by successful aortic occlusion. Discomfort with the manoeuvre was significantly increased (P < 0.05) in the group of subjects that had successful aortic occlusion. It is recommended that external aortic compression be considered in severe life-threatening postpartum haemorrhage, particularly during stabilisation or transport of the patient. This simple manoeuvre may be used as an adjunct to other measures and could prove of benefit, especially in locations or situations where advanced medical assistance is geographically or temporally removed.

Validity of Neonatal Blood Pressure Obtained By The Manometric Method

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 293-296
Author(s):  
Rosemary D. Leake ◽  
Paul R. Williams ◽  
William Oh
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Umbilical Artery ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care Units ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Direct Recording ◽  
Blood Pressures ◽  
Manometric Method ◽  
Neonatal Blood ◽  
Precise Relationship

In neonatal intensive care units where direct arterial blood pressures obtained via a transducer are unavailable, a fluid-filled spinal manometer has been used. The latter method is practical and convenient although its validity has not been confirmed. This study is designed to establish the precise relationship between the blood pressure obtained by the manometric method and by direct recording via the arterial transducer. Materials and Methods Eleven infants with umbilical artery catheters in place 1 to 2 cm above the diaphragm were selected for the study. In all instances, the arterial catheters were placed for clinical management of various illnesses.

Validity of phonoarteriographic blood pressures during rest and exercise

1964 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 1219-1233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph A. Mastropaolo ◽  
Jeremiah Stamler ◽  
David M. Berkson ◽  
Hans U. Wessel ◽  
Walter E. Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Fitness Testing ◽  
Physical Effort ◽  
Indirect Measurements ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Hearing Acuity ◽  
Pulse Sound ◽  
Blood Pressures ◽  
Pressure Record ◽  
Rest And Exercise

A modification of the auscultatory blood pressure method, the phonoarteriogram, was developed. The innovated method essentially is a modified amplifying stethoscope. The pressure in the cuff is recorded from a pressure transducer, and the systolic and diastolic criteria are recorded from a microphone. The phonoarteriogram gives the advantages of a permanent record, includes pulse rate and pulse sound data, is not affected by hearing acuity, permits determinations often denied using auscultation in high ambient noise and exercise conditions, and eliminates observer bias. Three hundred and forty resting determinations and 218 exercise determinations on 60 subjects indicated good agreement between the phonoarteriogram and auscultation. In 50 systolic and diastolic intra-arterial determinations before compression of the cuff, during rest and exercise from one subject, the phonoarteriogram was as valid as auscultation. In 56 intra-arterial determinations during deflation of the cuff, i.e., simultaneous with the indirect measurements, during rest and exercise from a second subject, the phonoarteriogram was less fallible than auscultation, particularly during exercise. Phonoarteriograms are valid, reliable, and objective blood pressure record blood pressure determination; auscultatory blood pressure; intra-arterial blood pressure; physical fitness testing; ausculation; effort or physical effort; exercise; exertion; fatigue; methods, physiological; instrumentation; pulse; work Submitted on January 16, 1964

scholarly journals Wavelet Autoregulation Monitoring Identifies Blood Pressures Associated With Brain Injury in Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiuyun Liu ◽  
Aylin Tekes ◽  
Jamie Perin ◽  
May W. Chen ◽  
Bruno P. Soares ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Therapeutic Hypothermia ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy ◽  
Volume Index ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Blood Pressures ◽  
Ischemic Encephalopathy

Dysfunctional cerebrovascular autoregulation may contribute to neurologic injury in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). Identifying the optimal mean arterial blood pressure (MAPopt) that best supports autoregulation could help identify hemodynamic goals that support neurologic recovery. In neonates who received therapeutic hypothermia for HIE, we hypothesized that the wavelet hemoglobin volume index (wHVx) would identify MAPopt and that blood pressures closer to MAPopt would be associated with less brain injury on MRI. We also tested a correlation-derived hemoglobin volume index (HVx) and single- and multi-window data processing methodology. Autoregulation was monitored in consecutive 3-h periods using near infrared spectroscopy in an observational study. The neonates had a mean MAP of 54 mmHg (standard deviation: 9) during hypothermia. Greater blood pressure above the MAPopt from single-window wHVx was associated with less injury in the paracentral gyri (p = 0.044; n = 63), basal ganglia (p = 0.015), thalamus (p = 0.013), and brainstem (p = 0.041) after adjustments for sex, vasopressor use, seizures, arterial carbon dioxide level, and a perinatal insult score. Blood pressure exceeding MAPopt from the multi-window, correlation HVx was associated with less injury in the brainstem (p = 0.021) but not in other brain regions. We conclude that applying wavelet methodology to short autoregulation monitoring periods may improve the identification of MAPopt values that are associated with brain injury. Having blood pressure above MAPopt with an upper MAP of ~50–60 mmHg may reduce the risk of brain injury during therapeutic hypothermia. Though a cause-and-effect relationship cannot be inferred, the data support the need for randomized studies of autoregulation and brain injury in neonates with HIE.

scholarly journals Study of Inter-arm Variation of Blood Pressure in Normal and Diabetic In-dividual in Out Patient Department of Nepal Medical College

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-16
Author(s):  
Pragati Poudyel ◽  
Seerina Adhikari
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cuff Pressure ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Sitting Posture ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Measure Blood Pressure ◽  
Normal Individuals ◽  
Blood Pressures ◽  
The Comparative Study

 Introduction: Growing incidence of hypertension and its significant association with diabetes mellitus are being observed in both developing and developed countries around globe. Scanty literature is available about the comparative study of inter-arm variation of blood pressure in normal individuals and diabetic among Nepalese population. This research was performed to determine extent of inter-arm variation in normal individuals and diabetics. Methods: A descriptive observational study was carried out from 2013 January to 2014 January in a tertiary level teaching hospital of Nepal. After taking the consent and giving necessary instructions, blood pressures were measured in both the arms one after another in sitting posture using mercurial sphygmomanometer and Littman cardiosonic stethoscope. Arterial blood pressure was measured by palpatory method followed by auscultatory method The cuff pressure at which the tap sound were first perceived was noted as systolic blood pressure (SBP). Similarly, diastolic blood pressure (DBP) was noted at the point where the sound disappeared. Results: A total of 120 volunteers between ages of 40-80 years were studied. Highly significant inter-arm variation of both SBP and DBP was found in diabetics as compared to normal (p<0.01). Highly significant inter-arm variation was found in diabetic male and female as compared to their normal counter parts (p<0.01). Conclusion: This study showed that there was significant inter-arm variation of SBP and DBP in diabetic and normal individual. So, this study encourages to measure blood pressure (BP) in both arms for proper treatment planning of an individuals.

scholarly journals Acute Hemodynamic Changes Associated with Zumba and ZOCA Dance Exercises among Females of Selected Gyms in Lusaka, Zambia

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-91
Author(s):  
Chanda Grace Chisunka ◽  
◽  
Gibson Sijumbila ◽  
Fastone Goma ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Hemodynamic Changes ◽  
Aerobic Dance ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Effective Dynamic ◽  
Blood Pressure Monitors ◽  
Blood Pressures

Background: Dynamic exercises are known to elicit hemodynamic changes such as an increase in arterial blood pressure and heart rate. Zumba and ZOCA are part of a fast growing group of dance fitness programmes designed to provide a cardiovascular dynamic workout. Despite their growing popularity, very few studies have been done to provide knowledge regarding the hemodynamic changes associated with these exercises. Methods: Case study in which 27 females took part in either a Zumba or ZOCA class. Using digital blood pressure monitors, recordings of blood pressure and heart rate were taken, firstly, before commencement of the exercise, secondly, after 30 minutes after exercise and thirdly, at the end of the class.Results: Mean baseline blood pressures were 118 (SD = 14) mmHg and 77 (SD = 7) mmHg, systolic and diastolic blood pressures, respectively. After 30 minutes of dancing, mean systolic blood pressure increased to 130 (SD = 19) mmHg (p˂ 0.05) while diastolic blood pressureonly rose to an average of 80 (SD = 8) mmHg (p˃ 0.05). At the end of the class (after the cool down phase) mean systolic blood pressure reduced to 109 (SD = 13) mmHg (p˂0.05) while diastolic blood pressure reduced to 74(SD = 12) mmHg (p˂ 0.05). Conclusions: Zumba and ZOCA elicited significant hemodynamic changes that can be attributed to these exercises stimulating the cardiovascular regulatory mechanisms (e.g central command and exercise-pressor) sufficiently and hence resulting in autonomic adjustmentsthat were concurrent with effective dynamic exercise. Keywords: Blood Pressure, Heart Rate, Aerobic, Dance Exercise

Dietary sodium restriction and development of hypertension in spontaneously hypertensive rats

1983 ◽  
Vol 245 (6) ◽  
pp. H1081-H1084 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. B. Toal ◽  
F. H. Leenen
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Dietary Sodium ◽  
Sodium Restriction ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Basal Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Pressures ◽  
Dietary Sodium Restriction ◽  
Wistar Kyoto ◽  
And Control

Blood pressure and body weight of conscious spontaneously hypertensive (SHR) and Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats were measured up to 16 wk of age in animals started at birth on five different sodium-containing diets. SHR on 9 mumol sodium/g food did not show a rise in basal blood pressure; however, when stressed the SHR still exhibited slightly higher blood pressures than WKY. In SHR on 17 mumol sodium/g food the development of hypertension was blunted compared with that of control (101 mumol/g) diet animals. SHR on 26 or 44 mumol sodium/g diet exhibited a development of hypertension similar to that of SHR on control diet. The 26 mumol/g, 44 mumol/g, and control sodium diet groups, regardless of strain, had similar growth rates. By contrast, on 17 mumol sodium/g food both SHR and WKY showed a substantially reduced growth rate, and all animals on 9 mumol sodium/g diet were severely retarded in growth. The results indicate that dietary sodium restriction can ameliorate the development of hypertension in SHR, but only when the sodium levels are so low as to affect overall growth.

The cuff width influences the toe blood pressure value

VASA ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 215-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Påhlsson ◽  
Jörneskog ◽  
Wahlberg
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Limb Ischemia ◽  
Limb Ischaemia ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
History Of ◽  
Blood Pressures ◽  
Cuff Size ◽  
And Control ◽  
Toe Blood Pressure ◽  
Cuff Width

Background: Toe blood pressure is a valuable and often used parameter when lower limb ischaemia is evaluated in patients with diabetes, but little has been done to standardise the method. The aim of this study was to evaluate if the cuff size influences the toe blood pressure values obtained in patients with diabetes. Patients and methods: Eleven patients with diabetes without a history of peripheral vascular disease, and six age matched healthy subjects were investigated. Their blood pressures were measured in the upper arm and at the ankle level repetitively. For measurement of toe blood pressure two different cuff widths were used. Results: All blood pressures were similar in patients and control subjects, as well as over time. The toe blood pressure values were 18 mmHg higher (p < 0.01) if measured with a 2.0-cm compared to a 2.5-cm wide cuff. There was a relationship (r = 0.63, p < 0.05 for patients) between toe circumference and the toe blood pressure value, where smaller halluxes gave lower values. Conclusions: The cuff width influences the obtained toe blood pressure value and needs to be considered when evaluating limb ischemia in patients with diabetes.

scholarly journals Changes in Arterial Blood Pressure and Oxygen Tension as a Result of Hoisting in Isoflurane Anesthetized Healthy Adult Horses

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Cerullo ◽  
Bernd Driessen ◽  
Hope Douglas ◽  
Klaus Hopster
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Tension ◽  
Pure Oxygen ◽  
Direct Result ◽  
Functional Impairments ◽  
Arterial Blood Gas ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Blood Pressures ◽  
Baseline Values ◽  
Lateral Recumbency

Background: In anesthetized adult horses, changes in recumbency can influence the cardiovascular system but how arterial blood pressures and oxygen tension change in isoflurane anesthetized animals as a direct result of hoisting has not been investigated.Objective: To evaluate effects of hoisting on hemodynamic function and pulmonary gas exchange in isoflurane-anesthetized horses.Study Design: Prospective, experimental study.Methods: Six adult horses were anesthetized three times using isoflurane in pure oxygen (inspired fraction 0.9–1.0), and allowed breathing spontaneously in lateral recumbency. After 45 min horses were hoisted using a single hoist-hobble system for 5 min and returned into left lateral recumbency. Heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), and systolic (SAP), diastolic (DAP), and mean arterial blood pressures (MAP) were measured every minute starting from 5 min before to 5 min after hoisting. Arterial blood gas samples were collected before, during, and after hoisting.Results: Significant changes in hemodynamic parameters and PaO2 but not PaCO2 were found between baseline recordings and measurements obtained during and early after hoisting. The MAP decreased within the 1st min of hoisting from a mean of 74 ± 17 mmHg at baseline to 57 ± 20 mmHg (p &lt; 0.05). Thereafter, it rapidly recovered to baseline before continuing to rise to higher than baseline values and then remaining elevated for 5 min after horses were returned into lateral recumbency. Simultaneously, the HR increased by 6–9 beats per min during the initial 3 min of hoisting before returning close to baseline values (p &lt; 0.05). The PaO2 decreased significantly from a mean of 324.9 ±137.0 mmHg at baseline to a mean of 141.3 ± 104.2 mmHg during hoisting (p &lt; 0.001) without recovering any more to baseline values.Clinical significance: Hoisting an adult horse during or at the end of isoflurane anesthesia carries the risk of a precipitous, though short-lived (1–2 min), drop in arterial blood pressures and a persistent decrease in arterial oxygenation. While in systemically healthy animals the observed functional impairments were not life-threatening, they may be more severe in systemically compromised horses.Therefore, arterial blood pressures and oxygenation must be carefully monitored when hoisting sick equine patients during or at the end of inhalant anesthesia.

scholarly journals Text Mining and Big Data Analytics for Retrospective Analysis of Clinical Texts from Outpatient Care

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 58-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svetla Boytcheva ◽  
Galia Angelova ◽  
Zhivko Angelov ◽  
Dimitar Tcharaktchiev
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Big Data ◽  
Text Mining ◽  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Outpatient Care ◽  
Data Analytics ◽  
Big Data Analytics ◽  
Free Text ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
And Control

Abstract This paper presents the results of an on-going research project for knowledge extraction from large corpora of clinical narratives in Bulgarian language, approximately 100 million of outpatient care notes. Entities with numerical values are mined in the free text and the extracted information is stored in a structured format. The Algorithms for retrospective analyses and big data analytics are applied for studying the treatment and evaluating the diabetes compensation and control of arterial blood pressure.

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