Development of a Crack Type Index

2005 ◽  
Vol 1940 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hosin (David) Lee ◽  
Jungyong (Joe) Kim
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Video Camera ◽  
Multiple Cracks ◽  
Crack Analysis ◽  
Transverse Cracking ◽  
Digital Video Camera ◽  
Crack Type ◽  
Image Pixels ◽  
Analysis System ◽  
Utility Vehicle

Many automated systems for crack analysis have been developed to measure the extent and severity of pavement cracking objectively. However, the accuracy of such an automated crack analysis system has not been satisfactory. This paper presents a crack type index (CTI) that can be easily adopted to determine the crack type objectively as longitudinal, transverse, and alligator cracking. The CTI is based on the spatial distribution of the image tiles rather than image pixels, where a tile is defined as a subimage of a whole digital image. The spatial distribution of image tiles is analyzed vertically and horizontally, with a resulting single index, which can be used to identify a spatial orientation of cracking. To determine the accurate CTI threshold values for longitudinal, transverse, and alligator cracks, 150 pavement images were captured with a digital video camera mounted on a sport-utility vehicle: 50 images for each of three types of cracking. These 150 images were analyzed automatically to compute the CTI values that correlate with crack types. To validate the CTI system, another 150 pavement images were captured. The CTI system identified 150 images as proper crack types with an 86% accuracy for alligator cracking, 92% accuracy for transverse cracking, and 94% accuracy for longitudinal cracking. The CTI system is further validated against images of block cracking and multiple cracks. The validation result against block cracking and multiple cracks indicates that the proposed CTI system in conjunction with UCI is robust and can be extended to identify block cracking and multiple cracks. The CTI method can be used to determine crack types from the digital images automatically without any human intervention.

ANALYSIS OF CORRELATION BETWEEN AIMING ADJUSTMENT TRAJECTORY AND TARGET

2005 ◽  
Vol 05 (02) ◽  
pp. 253-259
Author(s):  
KUO-BIN LIN ◽  
CHI-KUANG HWANG
Keyword(s):  
Performance Analysis ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Video Camera ◽  
The Other ◽  
Motion Analysis System ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Adjustment Procedure ◽  
Digital Video Camera ◽  
Analysis System ◽  
The Relationship

In archery, there is the relationship among stability of the archer, adjustments made during the aiming procedure, and the targeting coordination. Twelve specialists from the male archery team of National College of Physical Education and Sports took part in this research, with 12 arrows sets up at a distance of 70 m. A laser pen is located on the bow handle for capturing the trajectory of the aiming procedure with a digital video camera, and the other camera for the coordination of target. The Ariel Performance Analysis System motion analysis system is used to obtain the x and y aiming trajectory coordinates for analyzing the correlation. Results of this research were: (1) Ten archers whose variation of the x axis is larger than that of the y axis. (2) There are four archers whose aiming adjustment procedure has all the positive correlation with the target in the x axis, but there are three archers with all negative correlation. (3) In terms of the correlation in the y axis, there are six archers with all positive correlation, but there are two archers with all negative correlation.

scholarly journals CLASSIFICATION OF STRESS-INDUCED SPATIAL VARIABILITY IN NEAR-INFRARED CANOPY REFLECTANCE.

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1136b-1136
Author(s):  
Gary W. Stutte
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Variability ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Video Camera ◽  
Canopy Reflectance ◽  
Band Pass Filter ◽  
Image Capture ◽  
Pass Filter ◽  
Digital Video Camera ◽  
Custom Made ◽  
Analysis System

A digital video camera (Panasonic Industrial Co., Secaucus, NJ) with a 1.7 cm charged coupled device detector (574 (h) × 499 (v) pixel elements) was modified with a custom made FRF-700 band pass filter to visualize canopy reflectance in the near-infrared (NIR) from 700 to 1100 nm. Images of canopy reflectance under a range of environmental stresses were obtained from peach and apple trees under greenhouse and field conditions. Individual video frames were digitized with Image Capture and Analysis System (Agri Imaging Systems, Inc., Fayetteville, AR). Image contrast was increased with digital equalization and filtering before classification into one of five stress levels. There was a high correlation (r2 > 0.8) between leaf stress and canopy reflectance in both apple and peach at distances < 5 meters. Spatial variability in stress-induced NIR reflectance could be detected and classified at vertical distances from 150 to 500 M. Analysis of vertical imagery revealed sections of the orchard which were most susceptible to environmental stress.

Processing Panorama Video in Real-time

2014 ◽  
Vol 08 (02) ◽  
pp. 209-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Håkon Kvale Stensland ◽  
Vamsidhar Reddy Gaddam ◽  
Marius Tennøe ◽  
Espen Helgedagsrud ◽  
Mikkel Næss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Graphics Processing Units ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Video Camera ◽  
Wide Field ◽  
High Data ◽  
Data Rates ◽  
Camera Arrays ◽  
Analysis System ◽  
Performance Results

There are many scenarios where high resolution, wide field of view video is useful. Such panorama video may be generated using camera arrays where the feeds from multiple cameras pointing at different parts of the captured area are stitched together. However, processing the different steps of a panorama video pipeline in real-time is challenging due to the high data rates and the stringent timeliness requirements. In our research, we use panorama video in a sport analysis system called Bagadus. This system is deployed at Alfheim stadium in Tromsø, and due to live usage, the video events must be generated in real-time. In this paper, we describe our real-time panorama system built using a low-cost CCD HD video camera array. We describe how we have implemented different components and evaluated alternatives. The performance results from experiments ran on commodity hardware with and without co-processors like graphics processing units (GPUs) show that the entire pipeline is able to run in real-time.

Application of IVAP-Based Observation Operator in Radar Radial Velocity Assimilation: The Case of Typhoon Fitow

2017 ◽  
Vol 145 (10) ◽  
pp. 4187-4203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Chen ◽  
Xudong Liang ◽  
Hao Ma
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Radial Velocity ◽  
Doppler Radar ◽  
Tangential Velocity ◽  
Distribution Characteristics ◽  
Observation Operator ◽  
Spatial Distribution Characteristics ◽  
Tangential Wind ◽  
Analysis System ◽  
Background Fields

An improved Doppler radar radial velocity assimilation observation operator is proposed based on the integrating velocity–azimuth process (IVAP) method. This improved operator can ingest both radial wind and its spatial distribution characteristics to deduce the two components of the mean wind within a given area. With this operator, the system can be used to assimilate information from tangential wind and radial wind. On the other hand, because the improved observation operator is defined within a given area, which can be uniformly chosen in both the observation and analysis coordinate systems, it has a thinning function. The traditional observation operator and the improved observation operator, along with their corresponding data processing modules, were implemented in the community Gridpoint Statistical Interpolation analysis system (GSI) to demonstrate the superiority of the improved operator. The results of single analysis unit experiments revealed that the two operators are comparable when the analysis unit is small. When the analysis unit becomes larger, the analysis results of the improved operator are better than those of the traditional operator because the former can ingest more wind information than the latter. The results of a typhoon case study indicated that both operators effectively ingested radial wind information and produced more reasonable typhoon structures than those in the background fields. The tangential velocity relative to the radar was retrieved by the improved operator through ingesting tangential wind information from the spatial distribution characteristics of radial wind. Because of the improved vortex intensity and structure, obvious improvements were seen in both track and intensity predictions when the improved operator was used.

AN OBJECT LOCATION SPECIFYING METHODOLOGY USING ONE CAMERA

2001 ◽  
Vol 09 (06) ◽  
pp. 685-702 ◽  
Author(s):  
WIRAT KESRARAT ◽  
THOTSAPON SORTRAKUL
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Image Plane ◽  
Video Camera ◽  
Object Location ◽  
Target Point ◽  
Target Area ◽  
Digital Video Camera ◽  
The World ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Point Center

This research proposed a methodology for specifying the location of an object with image processing. The objectives of this methodology are to capture the target area, and specify the location of the object by using image. In order to locate the dropping object on the image plane efficiently, consecutive images are analyzed and a threshold operation is proposed. Because the accuracy of the dropping objects location on the difference of consecutive images image plane is usually influenced by noise. Moreover, transformation unit is adopted to map the XY coordinate on image plane into the world coordinate for an accuracy of the dropping objects position. After we get the actual XY coordinate of the dropping object, we can find the distance from the target point (center) and clock direction of the dropping object related to the center also. In addition, by using one digital video camera set on the tower and pan to capture the image on the target area to detect the dropping object from the air to the ground. It made the proposed methodology provide easier portability to detect the dropping object in any area.

scholarly journals AFM investigation of hyaline cartilage’s surface destruction

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikhail Ihnatouski ◽  
Dmitriy Karev ◽  
Boris Karev ◽  
Jolanta Pauk ◽  
Kristina Daunoravičienė
Keyword(s):  
Video Camera ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Collagen Fibers ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Digital Video Camera ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Reflected Light ◽  
Longitudinal Orientation ◽  
Chronic Progressive Disease ◽  
Surface Destruction

Introduction: Osteoarthritis is a chronic, progressive disease. The aim of this paper is presenting the AFM investigation of cartilage in relation to the assessment of degenerative changes in the surface of hyaline cartilage. It can be useful in choosing the most effective methods of therapy. Methods: Samples were taken from the cartilage surface of the femoral head after its removal during total hip arthroplasty. Images of the surface of the sample were obtained using an optical microscope equipped with a digital video camera, in the reflected light and by atomic force microscopy. Results: The longitudinal orientation of the collagen fibers and sub-fibers beams on the surface, up to a diameter of 50 nm are identified in non-destroyed area sites. Conclusions: Images of the destroyed areas displaying separately passing collagen fibers, strongly exposed to the surface: the size measured and found substructure.

A digital video camera system

1990 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 3866-3876 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Morimura ◽  
K. Uomori ◽  
Y. Kitamura ◽  
A. Fujioka ◽  
J. Harada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Digital Video ◽  
Video Camera ◽  
Camera System ◽  
Digital Video Camera ◽  
Video Camera System

The Digital Video Camera

2018 ◽  
pp. 199-229
Author(s):  
Mick Hurbis-Cherrier
Keyword(s):  
Digital Video ◽  
Video Camera ◽  
Digital Video Camera

Evaluation of Non-Uniform Deformation of Multi-Layered Ceramic Sheets with Printed Electrodes during Compression

2011 ◽  
Vol 418-420 ◽  
pp. 1647-1653
Author(s):  
Fumio Naruse ◽  
Naoya Tada
Keyword(s):  
Deformation Behavior ◽  
Recent Trend ◽  
Video Camera ◽  
Transverse Displacement ◽  
Compression Tests ◽  
Electronic Components ◽  
Uniform Deformation ◽  
Digital Video Camera ◽  
Layered Ceramic

With the recent trend of down-sizing and more efficient use of electric power in electric appliances, there is a growing need of smaller electronic components, such as multi-layered ceramic capacitors (MLCCs). However, it was found that the non-uniform deformation occurred in MLCC block during the pressing process and it hinders the miniaturization of MLCCs. In this study, compression tests of multi-layered ceramic sheets with printed electrodes were carried out and the deformation behavior was observed in situ and recorded by digital video camera. The change in area fraction and transverse displacement were evaluated and the deformation mechanism was inferred from the results.

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