Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Texas with High-Volume Fly Ash Concrete

2005 ◽  
Vol 1941 (1) ◽  
pp. 167-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cindy K. Estakhri ◽  
Donald Saylak
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Heat Of Hydration ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Hardened Concrete ◽  
High Volume Fly Ash ◽  
Concrete Production

The objective of this study was to determine the potential for reductions in carbon dioxide emissions in Texas by substituting high volumes of fly ash in concrete production and to identify the resulting benefits and challenges. Researchers reviewed the literature and determined that high-volume fly ash can improve the properties of both fresh and hardened concrete. It can improve workability, heat of hydration, strength, permeability, and resistance to chemical attack. Researchers compiled data from 18 power plants located throughout Texas and determined that 6.6 million tons of fly ash are produced annually in Texas and about 2.7 million tons (or 40%) are generally sold for use in concrete or other end products. Researchers estimated the production of concrete in Texas and determined that if 60% of the portland cement used in Texas concrete production were replaced with fly ash, carbon dioxide emissions could be reduced by 6.6 million tons annually by the year 2015. More education is needed for design engineers and for the concrete industry regarding the performance and environmental benefits that can be realized through increased use of fly ash in concrete.

Experimental Study on Various Mineral Admixtures in Fibre Reinforced Concrete

2019 ◽  
pp. 309-317
Author(s):  
Kavitha E ◽  
Karthik S ◽  
Eithya B ◽  
Seenirajan M
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Rice Husk Ash ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Mineral Admixtures ◽  
Hardened Concrete ◽  
Polypropylene Fibres ◽  
Concrete Production

The quantity of fly ash produced from thermal power plants in India is approximately 80 million tons each year, and its percentage utilization is less than 10%. An attempt has been made to utilize these cheaper materials in concrete production. This thesis aims at investigating the characteristics of fresh concrete and various strengths of hardened concrete made with various mineral admixtures such as fly ash. GGBFS, silica fume. Rice husk ash along with polypropylene fibres in various proportions.  M20 grade concrete is considered for experimental studies with 53grade Ordinary Portland Cement blended with varying percentages of mineral admixtures. The maximum size of coarse aggregate used is 20mm.  Various mineral admixtures such as fly ash. GGBFS.Silica fume. Rice Husk Ash were added concrete in various percentages by partially replacing cement and the optimum percentage of the mineral admixtures will be found.  Based on the obtained values, the admixture with maximum mechanical strength is determined and to this polypropylene fibre is added by varying 0 to 0.5 % by weight of cement to the mix.  The test results obtained were compared and discussed with conventional concrete.

scholarly journals Strength Development and Thermogravimetric Investigation of High-Volume Fly Ash Binders

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (20) ◽  
pp. 3344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiyuan Zhou ◽  
Massoud Sofi ◽  
Elisa Lumantarna ◽  
Rackel San Nicolas ◽  
Gideon Hadi Kusuma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Temperature Rise ◽  
Bound Water ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Heat Of Hydration ◽  
New Method ◽  
Hydration Properties ◽  
Adiabatic Temperature Rise ◽  
High Volume Fly Ash

To address sustainability issues by facilitating the use of high-volume fly ash (HVFA) concrete in industry, this paper investigates the early age hydration properties of HVFA binders in concrete and the correlation between hydration properties and compressive strengths of the cement pastes. A new method of calculating the chemically bound water of HVFA binders was used and validated. Fly ash (FA) types used in this study were sourced from Indonesia and Australia for comparison. The water to binder (w/b) ratio was 0.4 and FA replacement levels were 40%, 50% and 60% by weight. Isothermal calorimetry tests were conducted to study the heat of hydration which was further converted to the adiabatic temperature rise. Thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) was employed to explore the chemically bound water (WB) of the binders. The results showed that Australian FA pastes had higher heat of hydration, adiabatic temperature rise, WB and compressive strength compared to Indonesian FA pastes. The new method of calculating chemically bound water can be successfully applied to HVFA binders. Linear correlation could be found between the WB and compressive strength.

scholarly journals A Review Paper on Performance Behavior of High Volume Fly-Ash Concrete Under Elevated Temperature

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (9) ◽  
pp. 85-91
Author(s):  
Ashwini . ◽  
Naveen Kumar HS ◽  
Nikhil T R
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Quality Properties ◽  
Fly Ash Concrete ◽  
The Past ◽  
High Volume Fly Ash ◽  
Fire Stations ◽  
Performance Behavior

Removal of fly ash (FA) coming about because of the burning of coal-terminated electric fire stations and nuclear power plants is one of the major natural difficulties. This test keeps on expanding with expanding the measure of FA and diminishing the limit of landfill space. Consequently, considers have been done to re-utilize high-volumes of fly ash (HVFA) as concrete substitution in development materials. This paper presents a diagram of the past investigations did on the utilization of high volume FA as a fractional substitution of concrete in customary solid blends dependent on Portland concrete (PC). Crisp properties, mechanical properties, warm properties and electrical resistivity of solid blends containing HVFA as concrete substitution have been surveyed additionally depicts the an outline of the past investigations on various kinds of cement presented to changing raised temperature and their quality properties over the temperature introduction are assessed.

An Assessment of Characteristics of Densified High-Performance Concrete Incorporating High Volume Fly Ash

2018 ◽  
Vol 923 ◽  
pp. 105-109
Author(s):  
Trong Phuoc Huynh ◽  
Chao Lung Hwang
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Performance Concrete ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Strength Development ◽  
Hardened Concrete ◽  
Microstructural Characteristics ◽  
Design Algorithm ◽  
High Volume Fly Ash ◽  
Maximum Compressive Strength

The present study evaluates the mechanical-microstructural characteristics of the densified high-performance concrete (HPC) incorporating high volume fly ash (FA). The densified mixture design algorithm (DMDA) technology was applied to design the concrete proportions. The effects of various FA contents on both fresh and hardened concrete were investigated. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to observe the microstructure of the concrete samples. The effectiveness of using DMDA in mix deign was also discussed in this study. As the experimental results, the FA content was found to affect the concrete properties significantly. The maximum compressive strength value of 65.1 MPa was obtained at the concrete samples containing 40% FA. Additionally, the 40% FA samples exhibited a denser microstructure as compared to the others. Generally, all of the tested concrete samples exhibited good performance in terms of workability, strength development, water absorption, and porosity. The results of this study further show the effectiveness of using DMDA technology in proportioning of the concrete mixture.

Heat of hydration of cement pastes containing high-volume fly ash and silica fume

2019 ◽  
Vol 138 (3) ◽  
pp. 2065-2075 ◽  
Author(s):  
Watcharapong Wongkeo ◽  
Pailyn Thongsanitgarn ◽  
Chi-Sun Poon ◽  
Arnon Chaipanich
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Silica Fume ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Heat Of Hydration ◽  
Cement Pastes ◽  
High Volume Fly Ash

scholarly journals Effect of Biomass Fly Ash on Fresh and Hardened Properties of High Volume Fly Ash Mortars

Crystals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 233
Author(s):  
Elisabete R. Teixeira ◽  
Aires Camões ◽  
Fernando G. Branco ◽  
José Campos Matos
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Coal Fly Ash ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Hydrated Lime ◽  
Cement Replacement ◽  
High Volume Fly Ash ◽  
Hardened State ◽  
Biomass Fly Ash

The objective of this work was to assess the use of biomass fly ash (BFA) as cement replacement material or as an alkalinity source in high volume fly ash mortar and concrete. Mortar formulations were prepared with different types of cement replacement: fly ash from thermal power plants, BFA, a blend of two pozzolans, and small amounts of BFA or/and hydrated lime (HL). Mortar formulations were tested both in the fresh and hardened state. The replacement of cement by the two fly ashes led to a decrease in the mechanical strength. The best strength values were obtained when higher HL content was introduced in mortars, however, mortars with the lower BFA content presented the best results for the majority of the tests. In general, BFA has a similar effect on cementitious mortars to coal fly ash, having good performance as cement replacement.

scholarly journals Utilization of Crumb Rubber and High-Volume Fly Ash in Concrete for Environmental Sustainability: RSM-Based Modeling and Optimization

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 3322
Author(s):  
Mugineysh Murali ◽  
Bashar S. Mohammed ◽  
Isyaka Abdulkadir ◽  
M. S. Liew ◽  
Wesam Salah Alaloul
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Crumb Rubber ◽  
Cementitious Materials ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
High Volume Fly Ash ◽  
Concrete Production ◽  
Rubber Concrete

Waste tire and fly ash (FA) are two waste materials whose disposal and rapid rate of accumulation are among the pressing sources of concern and threat to the environment. Although much research exists on the use of these materials in cementitious composites, very little literature is available on the effectiveness of combining them in high volumes for concrete production. This work aimed to utilize crumb rubber (CR) from waste tires as a partial replacement of fine aggregate at 15%, 22.25%, and 30% by volume, and high-volume fly ash (HVFA) replacement of cement at 50%, 60%, and 70% (by weight of cementitious materials) to produce high-volume fly ash–crumb rubber concrete (HVFA–CRC). Using the central composite design (CCD) option of the response surface methodology (RSM), 13 mixes were produced with different combinations and levels of the CR and FA (the input factors) on which the responses of interest (compressive, flexural, and tensile strengths) were experimentally investigated. Furthermore, the composite influence of CR and HVFA on the workability of the concrete was assessed using the slump test. The results showed a decline in the mechanical properties with increasing replacement levels of the CR and HVFA. However, up to 22.25% and 60% of CR and HVFA replacements, respectively, produced a structural HVFA–CRC with a compressive strength of more than 20 MPa at 28 days. Response predictive models were developed and validated using ANOVA at a 95% confidence level. The models had high R2 values ranging from 95.26 to 97.74%. Multi-objective optimization was performed and validated with less than 5% error between the predicted and experimental responses.

scholarly journals Experimental Study on RC Beams Using High Volume Fly Ash

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Thangaraj ◽  
R. Thenmozhi
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Load Carrying Capacity ◽  
Environmental Friendliness ◽  
Rc Structures ◽  
High Volume Fly Ash ◽  
Load Carrying ◽  
Ultimate Load Carrying Capacity

The aim of this paper is to examine the flexural behaviour of structural beams made of high volume fly ash (HVFA) concrete with confined stirrups introduced in compression regions.Generally concrete is low tensile strength and poor ductile property. By confining compression regions introduced with closed stirrups which improves the ductility and load carrying capacity of beams. The introduction of stirrups to these regions would suppress the development of tensile stresses.Fly ash (FA) has been used in concrete and identified such a product as Eco smart or green concrete. In earth quake regions it becomes essential to construct the structures as a ductile one. Sudden failures due to poor workability of RC structures can be avoided, if critical sections are able to undergo large plastic deformations and to absorb large amount of strain energy.The results indicated that the confinement in the form of stirrups improves the ultimate strength and ductile behaviour of the concrete. It has been suggested that, the effective use of fly ash minimizes the disposal of fly ash , this HVFA concrete is easy to pump, consolidate and finish the surface, free from cracks, reduces carbon-dioxide emissions, superior environmental friendliness, reduction in stone mining since consumes less volume of Portland cement. The methodology adopted above which improves ductility, thus improving the ultimate load carrying capacity.

Project Application of High Volume Fly Ash Concrete

2011 ◽  
Vol 71-78 ◽  
pp. 684-687 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiang Li ◽  
Shi Hua Zhou ◽  
Zai Qin Wang ◽  
Kai Tao Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Standard Condition ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Hardened Concrete ◽  
The Core ◽  
Massive Structure ◽  
Mix Proportion ◽  
High Volume Fly Ash ◽  
Long Time

C40R60 High volume fly ash (HVFA) concrete were adopted for the continuously casting massive foundation slab of Tianjin Tower, which has a volume of about 20 000 m3, to decrease the risk of cracking during the construction process. Suitable raw materials and mix proportion were chosen. The properties of hardened concrete cured under different conditions were investigated. A mock-up of massive structure with the dimension of 4.5×4.5×4m was cast using determined concrete. The temperature development in the core of structure was measured. The results show that the temperature rise in the core is relatively low and the compressive strength curing under the standard condition for 60 days is 54.3MPa. HVFA concrete is much suitable to the massive concrete structure in which elevated temperature would be kept for a long time.

Very high volume fly ash concrete utilizing microash and hydrated lime, with silica fume

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-29
Author(s):  
Himabindu Myadaraboina ◽  
David Law ◽  
Indubhushan Patanikuni
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Silica Fume ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Hydrated Lime ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Hydration Reaction ◽  
Portland Cement Concrete ◽  
Durability Properties ◽  
High Volume Fly Ash

The incorporation of high volume fly ash, up to 80%, in concrete without compromising the mechanical and durability properties is potentially very advantageous to the concrete industry in enabling the delivery of economic, social and environmental benefits. To assess this, two high volume fly ash mix designs incorporating 80% class F ultra-fine fly ash, known as microash and hydrated lime, with 10% silica fume and 0 % silica fume have been investigated. Properties investigated are compressive strength, carbonation, chloride ion penetration, water absorption and permeability. The specimens were cured for a maximum period of 90 days to optimize completion of the hydration reaction. The results show that the concrete manufactured with 80% microash exhibited compressive strength in excess of 40 MPa at 28 days and over 70 MPa at 90 days. The material also displayed excellent durability properties compared to the normal Portland cement concrete and other high volume fly ash concretes. The addition of silica fume improved the strength and durability properties of the material.

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