Feasibility of Crumb Rubber Use for Asphalt Pavement Construction

1996 ◽  
Vol 1530 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-71
Author(s):  
Raghu Ram Madapati ◽  
K. Wayne Lee ◽  
Francis J. Manning ◽  
Colin A. Franco
Keyword(s):  
Rhode Island ◽  
Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Crumb Rubber ◽  
Binder Content ◽  
Mix Design ◽  
Dry Process ◽  
Wet Process ◽  
Level I ◽  
Pavement Construction ◽  
And Control

There are two processes of adding crumb rubber modifier (CRM) to hot mix asphalt (HMA), that is, the wet process and the dry process; and different technologies are available for each process. On the basis of the results of the binder study and producer's practices, HMA specimens were prepared using two selected AR binders with Producer R and A CRMs for Rhode Island (RI) dense-graded and dense-graded friction course (DGFC) mixtures, respectively. Aggregates procured from four local asphalt contractors were used. In addition, gap-graded HMA specimens were prepared with 3 percent CRM and control AC-20 binder with two typical local aggregates using the dry process. Marshall mix design was performed on all mixtures to determine optimum binder content and Marshall properties. Mechanical properties were evaluated for the mixtures with and without CRM. Superpave Level I mix design was also performed for dense-graded, DGFC, and gap-graded mixtures with aggregates procured from Contractor C. Finally, the performance of pavements with and without CRM was predicted using the computer program VESYS. Results of this study indicated that the use of CRM is feasible for RI dense-graded and DGFC mixtures utilizing the wet process.

Arkansas Experience with Crumb Rubber Modified Mixes Using Marshall and Strategic Highway Research Program Level I Design Methods

1996 ◽  
Vol 1530 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary V. Gowda ◽  
Kevin D. Hall ◽  
Robert P. Elliott
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Hot Mix Asphalt ◽  
Heavy Traffic ◽  
Percent Level ◽  
Crumb Rubber ◽  
Aggregate Gradation ◽  
Dry Process ◽  
Wet Process ◽  
Asphalt Rubber ◽  
Level I

Unmodified and crumb rubber modified mixes conforming to the Arkansas State Highway and Transportation Department Type II surface course specifications were designed for heavy traffic conditions and environmental conditions typical to Arkansas by using the Marshall and Superpave Level I methods. Specimens prepared at appropriate design asphalt contents were evaluated for both volumetric and performance considerations. Three mix types, an unmodified hot-mix asphalt concrete, a dry process rubber modified asphalt, and a wet process asphalt rubber, were included in the investigation. For the asphalt cement, crumb rubber, aggregate type, and aggregate gradation used, the design asphalt content and the VMA were reduced for the SHRP Level I method relative to the Marshall method. Incorporation of crumb rubber into hot-mix asphalt concrete provided increased rutting resistance; however, the rubber modified mixes did not show enhanced resilient and tensile properties when tested at 25°C. Also, the performance-related properties of the SHRP Level I asphalt-rubber mixes (5, 10, and 15 percent A-R blends) evaluated did not differ significantly at 5 percent level of significance.

Polyacrylate Modified Binder for Sustainable Asphalt Pavement Performances Using Superpave Mix Design

2015 ◽  
Vol 747 ◽  
pp. 238-241
Author(s):  
Wan Adilah Ismail ◽  
Intan Rohani Endut ◽  
Sit Zaharah Ishak
Keyword(s):  
Material Selection ◽  
Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Asphalt Binder ◽  
Binder Content ◽  
Mix Design ◽  
Asphalt Binders ◽  
Air Voids ◽  
Modified Asphalt ◽  
Modified Asphalt Binder ◽  
Pavement Construction

Sustainable asphalt pavement is important in decreasing material costs by improving the existing material such as modified asphalt binders. It is also needed to provide a quality riding for road users. In achieving quality riding, the material selection and mix design must be correctly examined before using in pavement construction. Then, the aims of this study are to determine suitability of material selected by examining the aggregate properties and modified asphalt binder. In modified asphalt binder, 6% of polyacrylate polymer was added as an additive in 500g of binder content to dissolve. It was checked through Superpave gyratory compactor in determining air voids samples in term of height after compacted. The samples were mixed with different percentages of binder content; 5%, 5.5%, 6% and 6.5% to produce control and polyacrylate modified samples. 8 gyratory for Ninitialand 100 gyratory for Ndesignwere used in compaction of samples to determine air voids in term of height. The results show that 5.5% of binder content of polyacrylate modified samples has lower air voids compare than control samples. Thus, modified binders are able to minimize binder usage and save natural sources and also cost by improving bonding between mixtures to prevent pavement failure

scholarly journals A Method to Quantify Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement Binder Availability (Effective RAP Binder) in Recycled Asphalt Mixes

2019 ◽  
Vol 2673 (1) ◽  
pp. 205-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fawaz Kaseer ◽  
Edith Arámbula-Mercado ◽  
Amy Epps Martin
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Binder Content ◽  
Mix Design ◽  
Void Content ◽  
Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Asphalt Mixes ◽  
Reclaimed Asphalt ◽  
State Highway ◽  
Asphalt Mix

State highway agencies recognize the environmental and economic benefits of utilizing reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) in asphalt mixes. Currently, most agencies assume all of the RAP binder content is available for mix design purposes. However, the percentage of available or effective RAP binder in the asphalt mix is usually less than 100% and not quantified, which could yield dry asphalt mix with a high air void content, potentially leading to premature distress. The term available or effective RAP binder refers to the binder that is released from the RAP, becomes fluid, and blends with virgin binder under typical mixing temperatures. This study proposes a method to estimate the RAP binder availability factor (BAF) which can be used to adjust the virgin binder content in RAP mixes to ensure that the mix design optimum binder content is achieved. In this method, asphalt mixes were prepared so that, after mixing and conditioning, the RAP material can be separated from the virgin aggregate, which allows for a thorough evaluation of the extent of RAP binder availability in the asphalt mix. This method was verified in a preliminary experiment and then used to estimate the BAF of RAP from different sources, and a correlation between RAP BAF and the high temperature performance grade (PG) of each RAP source was established. Finally, factors affecting the RAP BAF were also evaluated such as mixing temperature, conditioning period, the use of recycling agents (or rejuvenators), and the method of adding the recycling agent to the mix.

scholarly journals Effects of Asphalt Mix Design Properties on Pavement Performance: A Mechanistic Approach

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad M. Abu Abdo ◽  
S. J. Jung
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Binder Content ◽  
Mix Design ◽  
Pavement Performance ◽  
Dynamic Shear Modulus ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Analysis Software ◽  
Mechanistic Approach ◽  
Asphalt Mix

The main objective of this study was to investigate the effects of hot mix asphalt material properties on the performance of flexible pavements via mechanistic approach. 3D Move Analysis software was utilized to determine rutting and cracking distresses in an asphalt concrete (AC) layer. Fourteen different Superpave mixes were evaluated by utilizing results of the Dynamic Modulus (|E⁎|) Test and the Dynamic Shear Modulus (|G⁎|) Test. Results showed that with the increase of binder content, the tendency of rutting in AC layer increased. However, with the increase of binder content, the cracking of AC layer lessened. Furthermore, when different binder grades were evaluated, results showed that with the increase of the upper binder grade number, rutting decreased, and with the increase of the lower binder grade number, rutting increased. Furthermore, analysis showed that with the increase of the lower binder grade number, higher percent of bottom up cracks would result. As a result of the analysis, binder grade should not be solely considered for cracking in AC layer; binder content and aggregate structure play a big role. Finally, results illustrated that the mechanistic approach is a better tool to determine the performance of asphalt pavement than commonly used methods.

scholarly journals The Potential use of Crumb Rubber in Hot Asphalt Mixes in Egypt using Dry Process

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 4356-4360
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Permanent Deformation ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Crumb Rubber ◽  
Flow Number ◽  
Storage Container ◽  
Dry Process ◽  
Wet Process ◽  
Process Method

Since 1960 Using crumb rubber modifier (CRM) in hot asphalt mixtures has become a frequent practice in road construction. Using the CRM by the dry process method is not commonly used, although it has great advantages such as it is less fuel consuming and it does not require storage container like the wet process method. This research evaluates the mechanical properties of dense graded asphalt rubber mixtures manufactured using the dry process. The results obtained from this mixture compared with similar asphalt mixture without CRM. The mechanical properties of all mixtures evaluated using a set of tests such Marshall Stability and flow test, moisture susceptibility test, indirect tensile strength test, dynamic modulus and flow number test. The research results showed that using CRM with 0.75% of aggregate’s weight increased the mixture’s stability, flow and enhanced its cracking and permanent deformation resistance.

scholarly journals A Review on Using Crumb Rubber in Reinforcement of Asphalt Pavement

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuha Salim Mashaan ◽  
Asim Hassan Ali ◽  
Mohamed Rehan Karim ◽  
Mahrez Abdelaziz
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Hot Mix Asphalt ◽  
Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Crumb Rubber ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Road Pavement ◽  
Waste Tyre ◽  
Asphalt Performance ◽  
Pavement Construction

An immense problem affecting environmental pollution is the increase of waste tyre vehicles. In an attempt to decrease the magnitude of this issue, crumb rubber modifier (CRM) obtained from waste tyre rubber has gained interest in asphalt reinforcement. The use of crumb rubber in the reinforcement of asphalt is considered as a smart solution for sustainable development by reusing waste materials, and it is believed that crumb rubber modifier (CRM) could be an alternative polymer material in improving hot mix asphalt performance properties. In this paper, a critical review on the use of crumb rubber in reinforcement of asphalt pavement will be presented and discussed. It will also include a review on the effects of CRM on the stiffness, rutting, and fatigue resistance of road pavement construction.

scholarly journals Crumb Rubber: A sustainable Road Paving Material

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 3088-3092
Keyword(s):  
Crumb Rubber ◽  
Dry Process ◽  
Wet Process ◽  
Synthetic Rubber ◽  
Waste Tyres ◽  
Bituminous Binders ◽  
Road Paving ◽  
Strength And Durability ◽  
Day By Day ◽  
Proper Disposal

In the Present Scenario, the use of automobiles has increased significantly and due to that the waste or scrap tyres are also increasing day by day. The waste tyres are classified as solid waste. The proper disposal of these waste tyres has become a serious environmental issue as the tyres are manufactured with synthetic rubber. According to the past records, the scrap tyres were used as a common additive to bituminous binders which not only addresses the pavement performance issues but also tackles the problem of disposal of these tyres. Therefore, In this study an attempt is made to know what percentage incorporation of crumb rubber to bitumen upgrade the strength and durability of the pavement and a comparative study has been done using both wet process and dry process on semi-dense bituminous concrete. Efforts are being made to make it a Sustainable road paving material.

scholarly journals A review of the best experience on crumb rubber – dry process modified asphalt mixture performance

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ovidijus Šernas ◽  
Audrius Vaitkus ◽  
Deimantė Kilaitė
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Crumb Rubber ◽  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
Waste Products ◽  
Dry Process ◽  
Modified Asphalt ◽  
Wet Process ◽  
Water Sensitivity ◽  
Modification Process ◽  
Dry Modification

The use of crumb rubber made from end of life tyres for asphalt mixtures modification in order to improve their properties or just utilize waste products may be considered as potential solution. Crumb rubber can be used as a bitumen modifier (wet process) or supplementary component of the asphalt mixture (dry process). Dry modification process has more potential due relatively unsophisticated technology and higher possible to use amount of crumb rubber comparing to the wet process. The performance of asphalt mixtures modified by dry process mainly depends on several factors as crumb rubber type, content and size. However, limited number of publications reported the results of dry method crumb rubber modified asphalt mixtures performance. This paper summarizes the latest findings from literature review on the modification technologies and specifications related to dry modification process, the effect of crumb rubber type and amount on modified asphalt mixture performance in terms of stiffness, rutting resistance, water sensitivity, resistance to fatigue and low temperature cracking. The algorithm of crumb rubber modified asphalt mix design was introduced.

Effect of Addition of Dry Crumb Rubber on the Performance of Terminal Blend Crumb Rubber Modified Asphalt Mixtures

2017 ◽  
Vol 2633 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salih Kocak ◽  
M. Emin Kutay
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Binder ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Crumb Rubber ◽  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Dry Process ◽  
Modified Asphalt ◽  
Wet Process ◽  
Low Temperature Cracking ◽  
Linear Viscoelastic

Three major methods are used to produce crumb rubber modified asphalt pavement: the dry process (CRDry), the terminal blend process (CRTB), and the wet process (CRWet). Although the CRDry process replaces the portion of fine aggregate in the asphalt mixture with crumb rubber (CR) particles, the CRWet process incorporates CR particles into hot liquid asphalt before it is mixed with aggregates. CRTB is known as a special type of CRWet process in which the CR is blended with asphalt binder at the asphalt terminal. In general, the CRWet process can integrate 15% to 22% CR by weight of the binder. This amount ranges from 10% to 12% in the CRTB process as a result of the limitations associated with transportation and pumping. This study investigated the feasibility of increasing the CR content of CRTB modified asphalt mixtures. The addition to the mixture of about 0.5% CR (by weight of the mix) through the CRDry process doubled the amount of rubber to be found in a conventional CRTB mix. The relative performances of the CRTB and the CRTB+CRDry processes [i.e., crumb rubber hybrid (CRHY)] were investigated with respect to their linear viscoelastic properties, rutting susceptibility, moisture damage, resistance to fatigue, and low temperature cracking. It was shown that it was possible to increase the amount of CR in the mixture through the use of the CRHY method proposed here, without adverse effect on the performance of the mixture.

Influences of Crumb Rubber Sizes on Hot Mix Asphalt Mixture

2014 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gizing Sami Hamad ◽  
Ramadhansyah Putra Jaya ◽  
Norhidayah Abdul Hassan ◽  
Md. Maniruzzaman A. Aziz ◽  
Mohd Ibrahim Mohd Yusak
Keyword(s):  
Hot Mix Asphalt ◽  
Resilient Modulus ◽  
Permanent Deformation ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Crumb Rubber ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Dry Process ◽  
Alternative Material ◽  
Partial Interaction ◽  
Pavement Construction

Crumb rubbers (CRs) have been proposed as pavement components because they are waste materials. Previous studies have attempted to find alternative material in pavement construction that act as additives or property modifier. The current study presents a laboratory experiment using CR recycled from discarded vehicle tiresas additives in hot mix asphalt (HMA). CR was added using the dry process technique. Three rubber sizes were used with the following measurement: 0.15, 0.425, and 1.18mm. CR was added 2% of the weight of total aggregates. Bitumen80/100 penetration was used throughout the experiment. The effect of CR size on the mixture was investigated in terms of resilient modulus, indirect tensile strength (ITS), stability and dynamic creep. Experimental results revealed that the four engineering properties decreased when CR was added to HMA and when CR size was increased. However, the increasedCR size similarly increased the permanent deformation values. The data analysisshowed that 0.15mm CR is the most effective material for asphalt mixturebecause of the partial interaction between rubber particles and bitumen.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document