“First Korean Philosophers” on Philosophy

Diogenes ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-70
Author(s):  
Young Ahn Kang
Keyword(s):  
Academic Discipline ◽  
The United States ◽  
College Level ◽  
Korean Language ◽  
Japanese Occupation ◽  
Philosophical Education ◽  
The Third ◽  
Professional Research ◽  
Philosophical Texts ◽  
The 19Th Century

Philosophy as an academic discipline was introduced to Korea at the end of the 19th century. Philosophical education and professional research did not begin, however, until the 1920s. The first institution in which Koreans could study philosophy as a major at college level was Keijō Imperial University, which was founded by the Japanese in 1924 in Seoul, Korea. The first graduates from this school produced their research in Korean and contributed to the settlement of philosophy on the Korean peninsula. They were joined by Koreans who had returned from study in Austria, Germany, France, and the United States. I call these the “first Korean philosophers.” In order for an individual to belong to this group, three conditions had to be met: first, he or she should have studied philosophy as a major at college level; second, he or she should have read Western philosophical texts in original or in translation; third: he or she should have written a treatise in the contemporary Korean language. Against this background, I am going to deal with three questions. The first question concerns their attitude towards philosophy. The second question concerns their conception of philosophy. The third question concerns the method of doing philosophy. Through this study, I have shown that the first Korean philosophers foreshadowed the struggle between the Marxist and liberal understandings of the world and of humanity, even though they lived in the time of Japanese occupation.

Nineteenth-Century Foreign Travelers to Central America

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arturo Taracena Arriola
Keyword(s):  
Federal Republic ◽  
Central America ◽  
The United States ◽  
World Market ◽  
Central American ◽  
Napoleonic Wars ◽  
Latin Americans ◽  
The Third ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Federal Administration

Foreign travelers, mainly from Europe and the United States, did not come to Central America until the founding of the Federal Republic of Central America in 1823 after independence from Spain. They had been previously unknown in the Central American isthmus despite the impression that Alexandre von Humboldt’s achievement made on Latin Americans at the beginning of the 19th century. From 1823 to 1870, the foreign travelers in three characteristic cycles: the first, from 1823 to 1838, during the federal administration, attracted consular agents, merchants, and foreign adventurers, especially former soldiers from the Napoleonic Wars; the second, from 1839 to 1850, brought publicists, canal and timber entrepreneurs, and promoters of diverse kinds of colonization; and the third, which ran from 1851 to 1870, saw the arrival of naturalists, archeologists, entrepreneurs, and diplomats. All of them contributed to the integration of the short-lived Federal Republic of Central America and the division into five nations into the world market and concert of western nations. In fact, the victory of the liberal reforms beginning in 1871 would mean a new cycle of travelers, not discussed here, characterized by the positivist goal of progress, secularity of the state, freedom of religion, the banner of Central American reunification, and the gamble on mono-exportation centered on coffee and banana cultivation.

scholarly journals The Right to Write the History: Disputes over the History of Medicine in France – 20th-21st Centuries

2017 ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Corinne Doria
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
History Of Medicine ◽  
Academic Discipline ◽  
The Third ◽  
Research And Teaching ◽  
Human And Social Sciences ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Right ◽  
The 19Th Century

This article reflects on the history of medicine as an academic discipline. It analyzes in particular the debates that took place in France between the second half of the 20th and the beginning of the 21st century. The first part recalls the main features of the discussions about the history of medicine since it was identified as an autonomous discipline up to the epistemological turn that, in the middle of the 19th century, opposed partisans of a “philological and scientific” to partisans of a “heroic” history of medicine. The second part deals with the debates that began in France in the 1960s-1970s over the legitimacy of a history of medicine written by physicians, and the foundation of a history of medicine written by professional historians. The third part proposes a reflection on the future of research and teaching in this field in France, and highlights the need for cooperation between physicians and specialists in the human and social sciences.

Submit Manuscript | http://medc rav eonline.co m Introduction Colorectal adenocarcinoma is the third most common malignant neoplasia and the third leading cause of death from cancer in men and women in the United States. Current data show that the incidence of colorectal adenocarcinoma is decreasing in developed countries but increasing in developing countries. 1 The 2018 estimates of the Bra - zilian National Cancer Institute (Instituto Nacional do Câncer–INCA) were 17,380 new cases in men and 18,980 in women, making col - orectal adenocarcinoma the third most common neoplasia in men and the second most common in women in Brazil. 2 In the past 15 years, rectal cancer management has evolved in several aspects. Specifical - ly, a better understanding of the natural history of the disease, more precise radiological staging, multimodal therapeutic intervention, refined surgical techniques, and more detailed histopathological re - ports may have positively influenced patient survival. In this context, multidisciplinary management of colorectal cancer plays an important role and requires the coordinated teamwork of colorectal surgeons, oncologists, radiologists, and radiotherapists. 3 Total mesorectal exci - sion is still the basis of treatment in rectal cancer. However, neoadju - vant therapy and more conservative practices have been adopted in cases of clinical/pathological responses to radiochemotherapy. 4 Ra - diological evaluation of the response is of paramount importance for the selection of patients eligible for alternative treatment strategies, including ‘watch-and-wait’. Diffusion-weighted imaging is already being used routinely in the evaluation of the pathological response of rectal tumour patients submitted to neoadjuvant therapy. Some re - searchers have tried to estimate the tumour regression grade (TRG) using magnetic resonance imaging, as has been described for post-ra - diochemotherapy pathological evaluation, thus rendering it a valuable instrument. Considering the good results obtained with multimodal therapy in extraperitoneal rectal cancer, the evaluation of the pathological re - sponse post-neoadjuvant therapy must be considered as a factor for safe indication, both for the conservative option, in which the organ is preserved, and for radical surgical resection, influencing the choice between sphincter-preserving surgery and abdominoperineal excision. A precise evaluation, by comparing the results of post-neoadjuvant therapy magnetic resonance imaging with those obtained from his - Int J Radiol Radiat Ther. 2018;5(4):254 ‒ 258. 254 © 2018 Oliveira et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and build upon your work non-commercially. Magnetic resonance imaging is effective in assessing tumour regression after neoadjuvancy in rectal adenocarcinoma

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fábio Henrique de Oliveira ◽  
Antônio Lacerda-Filho ◽  
Fábio Lopes de Queiroz ◽  
Tatiana Martins Gomide Leite ◽  
Paulo Guilherme Oliveira Sales ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Rectal Cancer ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Neoadjuvant Therapy ◽  
Colorectal Adenocarcinoma ◽  
The United States ◽  
Tumour Regression ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cancer Management ◽  
The Third

The National Association of Professional Base Ball Players: The Origins of Professional Baseball and the American Identity

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Rosenberg
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Professional Sports ◽  
The United States ◽  
American Identity ◽  
National Association ◽  
American Values ◽  
Primary Documents ◽  
American Tradition ◽  
Formative Experience ◽  
The 19Th Century

Baseball has been proudly coined “the national pastime” for nearly its entire existence. The sport evolved from several English bat and ball games and quickly became part of the American identity in the 19th century. Only a few decades after the first baseball club formed in New York City, amateur clubs began to organize into loose confederations as competition and glory entered a game originally associated with fraternal leisure. Soon after, clubs with enough fans and capital began to pay players for their services and by 1871 and league of solely professionals emerged. Known as The National Professional Base Ball Players Association, this league would only last five seasons but would lay the groundwork for the American tradition of professional sports that exists today. In this paper, I analyze the development of the sport of baseball into a professional industry alongside the concurrent industrialization and urbanization of the United States. I used primary documents from the era describing the growing popularity of the sport as well as modern historians’ accounts of early baseball. In addition, I rely on sources focusing on the changing American identity during this period known as The Gilded Age, which many attribute to be the beginnings of the modern understanding of American values. Ultimately, I conclude that baseball’s progression into a professional league from grassroots origins compared to a broader trend of the ideal American being viewed as urban, skilled, and affluent despite the majority not able to fit this characterization. How certain attributes become inherent to a group identity and the types of individuals able to communicate these messages are also explored. My analysis of the National Association of Professional Base Ball Players provides insight on the formative experience of the modern collective American identity and baseball’s place in it as our national pastime.

Die Konstruktion von Natur – Central Park neu besichtigt | The Construction of Nature – Central Park Revisited

2005 ◽  
Vol 156 (8) ◽  
pp. 288-296
Author(s):  
Vittorio Magnago Lampugnani
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Hudson River ◽  
The United States ◽  
Central Park ◽  
Housing Developments ◽  
Hudson River School ◽  
The North ◽  
Man And Nature ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Relationship

In the first half of the 19th century scientific philosophers in the United States, such as Emerson and Thoreau, began to pursue the relationship between man and nature. Painters from the Hudson River School discovered the rural spaces to the north of New York and began to celebrate the American landscape in their paintings. In many places at this time garden societies were founded, which generated widespread support for the creation of park enclosures While the first such were cemeteries with the character of parks, housing developments on the peripheries of towns were later set in generous park landscapes. However, the centres of the growing American cities also need green spaces and the so-called «park movement»reached a first high point with New York's Central Park. It was not only an experimental field for modern urban elements, but even today is a force of social cohesion.

Educational Entrepreneurs in Tamil Nadu - A Profile

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Siluvai Raja
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
United States ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Education System ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
The United States ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Higher Education System ◽  
The Third ◽  
The World

Education has been considered as an indispensable asset of every individual, community and nation today. Indias higher education system is the third largest in the world, after China and the United States (World Bank). Tamil Nadu occupies the first place in terms of possession of higher educational institutions in the private sector in the country with over 46 percent(27) universities, 94 percent(464) professional colleges and 65 percent(383) arts and science colleges(2011). Studies to understand the profile of the entrepreneurs providing higher education either in India or Tamil Nadu were hardly available. This paper attempts to map the demographic profile of the entrepreneurs providing higher education in Arts and Science colleges in Tamil Nadu through an empirical analysis, carried out among 25 entrepreneurs spread across the state. This paper presents a summary of major inferences of the analysis.

Selznick beyond Hollywood

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan Platte
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Third ◽  
Farewell To Arms

Selznick’s co-productions with elite European filmmakers contrast noticeably with his Hollywood work. The Third Man’s hyper-stylized cinematography and solo zither score by Anton Karas resemble no other Selznick film, partly because Selznick’s role was much reduced. But with subsequent European co-productions the producer sought to reinsert himself into the music. This chapter traces these battles as they unfolded on the soundtrack, with Selznick reasserting his creative voice through re-edited versions distributed only in the United States. Most striking is the case of Stazione Termini, which Selznick released as Indiscretion of an American Wife. With Alessandro Cicognini’s score re-edited by Audray Granville, music in the new version does different work from its cinematic sibling. In his final productions, including Mario Nascimbene’s music for A Farewell to Arms, Selznick’s use of music to structure narrative and develop commercial appeal re-emerges as one of the producer’s greatest priorities.

The Oxford Handbook of Comic Book Studies

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Comic Books ◽  
Academic Discipline ◽  
World System ◽  
Comic Book ◽  
The United States ◽  
Global Perspective ◽  
Visual Narrative ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Book Studies

Comic book studies has developed as a solid academic discipline, becoming an increasingly vibrant and field in the United States and globally. A growing number of dissertations, monographs, and edited books publish every year on the subject, while world comics represent the fastest-growing sector of publishing. The Oxford Handbook of Comic Book Studies examines the history and evolution of the visual narrative genre from a global perspective, bringing together readable, jargon-free essays written by established and emerging scholars from diverse geographic, institutional, gender, and national backgrounds. In particular, the Handbook explores how the term “global comics” has been defined, as well the major movements and trends that drive the field. Each essay will help readers understand comic books as a storytelling form grown within specific communities, and will also show how these forms exist within what can be considered a world system of comics.

Crystallex Int'l Corp. v. Bolivarian Rep. Venez. (3D Cir.)

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Kevin D. Benish
Keyword(s):  
United States Supreme Court ◽  
The United States ◽  
United States Supreme ◽  
Decision To Leave ◽  
Court Of Appeals ◽  
The Third ◽  
To Come ◽  
Alter Ego ◽  
Oil Company ◽  
The U.S

On May 18, 2020, the United States Supreme Court denied a request by the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela and its state-owned oil company, Petróleos de Venezuela, S.A. (PDVSA), to review the merits of Crystallex Int'l Corp. v. Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, a decision by the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit. In Crystallex, the Third Circuit affirmed a trial court's determination that PDVSA is the “alter ego” of Venezuela itself, thus permitting Crystallex to enforce a $1.4 billion judgment against Venezuela by attaching property held in PDVSA's name. Given the Supreme Court's decision to leave the Third Circuit's opinion undisturbed, Crystallex is a significant decision that may affect parties involved in transnational litigation for years to come—especially those pursuing or defending against U.S. enforcement proceedings involving the property of foreign states.

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