scholarly journals New Psychotherapies for Mood and Anxiety Disorders

2010 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 193-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon Wiltsey Stirman ◽  
Katherine Toder ◽  
Paul Crits-Christoph
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Current Level ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
The Past ◽  
Efficacy Trials ◽  
Mood And Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Initial Results

Objective: To discuss psychotherapies for depression and anxiety that have emerged in recent years and to evaluate their current level of empirical support. Method: An electronic and a manual literature search of psychotherapies for mood and anxiety disorders were conducted. Results: Five new therapies for mood disorders and 3 interventions for posttraumatic stress disorder with co-occurring substance abuse met criteria for inclusion in this review. Fewer psychotherapies have been developed for other anxiety disorders. Although research for some of the psychotherapies has demonstrated superiority to usual care, none have firmly established efficacy or specific benefits over other established psychotherapies. Conclusions: A plurality of the new psychotherapies introduced and established in the past 5 years have been different assimilations of previously established cognitive-behavioural, interpersonal, or psychodynamic models. While initial results are promising for some, more rigorous efficacy trials and replications are necessary before conclusions can be drawn regarding their relative benefits.

Transcultural Issues in Mood and Anxiety Disorders: A Focus on Japan

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 9 (S4) ◽  
pp. 6-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark H.B. Radford
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Japanese Patients ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Economic Changes ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
The Past ◽  
Mood And Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Methodological Problems ◽  
Evaluation Techniques

AbstractAccurate comparisons of the prevalence of psychiatric disorders across Eastern and Western cultures are difficult and limited by methodological problems. Nevertheless, using standardized diagnostic and evaluation techniques, recent surveys have suggested that depression and anxiety disorders exist in all countries and cultures examined thus far, although variations in the prevalence rates and symptomatology may exist. This article discusses the influence and impact that culture can have on recognizing and treating mood and anxiety disorders, with a particular focus on Japan. Over the last 20 years, studies have consistently reported an increase in mental illness in Japan, especially symptoms of depression and anxiety. While such symptoms have had an adaptive cultural role in the past, current social and economic changes in Japan have turned any adaptive advantage into a potentially significant disadvantage, with a major impact on the capacity of individuals to function adequately. The situation is compounded by the fact that Japanese patients are reluctant to openly discuss disturbances of mood, since these are considered to be indicative of personal weakness rather than treatable medical conditions. Reluctance to discuss personal mental health hinders timely recognition and appropriate treatment.

scholarly journals The Steroid Metabolome in Men With Mood and Anxiety Disorders

2015 ◽  
pp. S275-S282 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. DUŠKOVÁ ◽  
M. HILL ◽  
M. BIČÍKOVÁ ◽  
M. ŠRÁMKOVÁ ◽  
D. ŘÍPOVÁ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Steroid Hormone ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Hormone Metabolism ◽  
Mood And Anxiety Disorders ◽  
And Behavior

The mood and behavior of individuals result from an orchestra of many factors. Among them steroids play an important role; however, only several common hormones have been investigated in this respect. It has been demonstrated that some steroid metabolites long considered merely the products of steroid hormone metabolism in fact possess considerable activity in the CNS. For this reason we studied the steroid metabolome including 50 analytes in 20 men with depression, 20 men with anxiety and 30 healthy controls. Significant differences were found not only between controls and men with either depression or anxiety, but also between men with depression and anxiety. Particularly striking were those steroids until now not generally associated with depression or anxiety, namely conjugated steroid forms, especially sulfates.

scholarly journals Critical review of available treatment options for treatment refractory depression and anxiety - clinical and ethical dilemmas

2016 ◽  
Vol 69 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 171-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dusan Kolar ◽  
Michael Kolar
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Ethical Dilemmas ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Treatment Resistant Depression ◽  
Treatment Resistant ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Mood And Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Resistant Depression ◽  
Treatment Refractory

Treatment-resistant mood and anxiety disorders require an intensive therapeutic approach, and it should balance benefits and adverse effects or other potential detrimental effects of medications. The goal of treatment is to provide consistent and lasting improvement in symptoms of depression and anxiety. Benzodiazepines are effective for anxiety symptoms, but with no sustained treatment effects. Other medication treatment options for anxiety disorders are outlined. Ketamine is usually very effective in treating major depressive disorder but without sustained benefits. Long-term use may pose a significant risk of developing tolerance and dependence. Stimulant medication augmentation for treatment-resistant depression is effective for residual symptoms of depression, but effects are usually short-lasting and it sounds more as an artificial way of improving energy, alertness and cognitive functioning. Synthetic cannabinoids and medical marijuana are increasingly prescribed for various medical conditions, but more recently also for patients with mood and anxiety disorders. All of these treatments may raise ethical dilemmas about appropri?ateness of prescribing these medications and a number of questions regarding the optimal treatment for patients with treatment-resistant depression and treatment refractory anxiety disorders.

Therapist Effects in Guided Internet-Delivered CBT for Anxiety Disorders

2010 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas Almlöv ◽  
Per Carlbring ◽  
Karin Källqvist ◽  
Björn Paxling ◽  
Pim Cuijpers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Statistical Power ◽  
Psychological Treatment ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Therapist Effects ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

Background: Guided internet-delivered CBT for anxiety disorders has received increasing empirical support, but little is known regarding the role of the therapist. Aims: This study addressed therapist factors in guided internet-delivered cognitive behavioural therapy for anxiety disorders. Method: Data from three controlled trials with a total N of 119 were analyzed with attention to differences between eight therapists. Results: No significant mean level differences between therapists appeared in the dataset. However, one significant intraclass correlation between participants was found, suggesting that the outcome on the Beck Anxiety Inventory might have been influenced by the impact of the individual therapists. Conclusion: The therapist can possibly have some influence on the outcome of guided internet-delivered CBT for anxiety disorders, but studies with more statistical power are needed to establish whether therapist effects are present in this modality of psychological treatment. The present study was underpowered to detect minor therapist effects.

Can a ‘return-to-work’ agenda fit within the theory and practice of CBT for depression and anxiety disorders?

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Wesson ◽  
Matthew Gould
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Return To Work ◽  
Clinical Excellence ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Behaviour Therapy ◽  
Occupational Outcomes ◽  
Psychological Therapies ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Cognitive Behaviour

AbstractHelping service users to return to work has emerged as a key therapeutic objective of the Improving Access to Psychological Therapies (IAPT) initiative. IAPT programmes implement National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) guidelines, especially cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT), for people suffering from anxiety and depression. However, relatively little research has been conducted to date into whether, or how, cognitive behavioural interventions can help individuals return to work. This paper reviews literature and research into CBT and occupational outcomes and considers whether a return-to-work agenda may jeopardize the therapeutic alliance which is suggested to be necessary for effective CBT. Moreover, through the use of clinical examples from our practice, we suggest ways in which employment issues might be integrated into CBT for depression and anxiety disorders. We conclude that a return-to-work agenda can be utilized during therapy while maintaining a collaborative and secure therapeutic relationship, especially, perhaps if work issues are embedded within the formulation. However, further research is needed, not only to determine whether CBT can help individuals return to work but also how CBT might best integrate a return-to-work agenda.

scholarly journals Study protocol of Diabetes LEAP: a longitudinal study examining emotional problems in adolescents with type 1 diabetes and their parents/caregivers

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Giesje Nefs ◽  
Linh Nguyen ◽  
Per Winterdijk ◽  
Esther Hartman ◽  
Theo Sas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Emotional Problems ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Mood And Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Course Of Depression

Abstract Background Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a chronic metabolic condition requiring intensive daily self-care to avoid both high and low blood glucose levels. Self-care and glycemic outcomes are particularly problematic in adolescence, a period known for its increased risk of emotional problems. However, the true scope of mood and anxiety disorders in adolescents with T1D is unknown. Earlier studies are limited by a small sample size, lack of diagnostic interview data, a focus on depression only, non-adolescent specific estimates, lack of information about parental emotional problems and/or a cross-sectional design. Diabetes LEAP is a two-year prospective observational cohort study examining (a) the prevalence and course of depression and anxiety in adolescents with T1D and their parents/caregivers, (b) the risk factors predicting the presence of these emotional problems, (c) their longitudinal relation with diabetes outcomes, and (d) the psychosocial care currently in place. Methods Adolescents (12–18 years) from 8 Dutch pediatric diabetes clinics are interviewed using the DISC-IV to establish the presence of mood and anxiety disorders in the previous 4 weeks, the previous 12 months, and lifetime. They also complete questionnaires, including CDI-2, GAD-7, and PAID-T. Parents/caregivers complete PHQ-9, GAD-7, and PAID-PR. Follow-up assessments take place after 1 and 2 years. Discussion This longitudinal study with diagnostic interviews in a large cohort of adolescents with T1D in the Netherlands will provide much needed information regarding the prevalence and course of depression and anxiety in this group, thereby opening avenues for proper recognition, prevention and timely treatment.

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