scholarly journals A review of the valorization and management of industrial spent catalyst waste in the context of sustainable practice: The case of the State of Kuwait in parallel to European industry

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (11) ◽  
pp. 1127-1141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sultan Majed Al-Salem ◽  
Achilleas Constantinou ◽  
Gary Anthony Leeke ◽  
Sanaa Hafeez ◽  
Tayeba Safdar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
The State ◽  
Chemical Recovery ◽  
Spent Catalyst ◽  
World Region ◽  
Spent Catalysts ◽  
The State Of Kuwait ◽  
Sustainable Practice ◽  
Recovery Methods

Industrial solid waste management encompasses a vital part of developed and developing countries strategies alike. It manages waste generated from vital industries and governs the hazardous waste generated as a major component of integrated waste management strategies. This article reviews the practices that govern the management approaches utilized in the developed world for industrial spent catalysts. It critically assesses the current situation of waste management within the developing world region focusing on the industrial waste component, in a novel attempt to crucially develop a strategy for a way forward based on best practices and future directions with major European industries. The review also draws parallels with European countries to compare their practices with those of the State of Kuwait, which rely solely on landfilling for the management of its industrial waste. Spent catalysts recovery methods are discussed at length covering conventional methods of valuable metals and chemicals recovery (e.g., hydrometallurgical, solid–liquid and liquid–liquid extraction) as well as biological recovery methods. A major gap exists within regulations that govern the practice of managing industrial waste in Kuwait, where it is essential to start regulating industries that generate spent catalysts in-view of encouraging the establishment of valorization industries for metal and chemical recovery. This will also create a sustainable practice within state borders, and can reduce the environmental impact of landfilling such waste in Kuwait.

scholarly journals Financing of environmental programs for industrial waste management in times of crisis

2021 ◽  
pp. 130-136
Author(s):  
O. Datsii ◽  
N. Datsii ◽  
O. Zborovska ◽  
L. Ivashova ◽  
M. Cherkashyna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
White Noise ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
The State ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Mathematical Apparatus ◽  
Environmental Programs ◽  
Industrial Waste Management ◽  
Regional Budgets

Purpose. To conduct an analysis of funding from state and regional budgets for environmental needs in general and itemized as waste management, to identify correlations of data and to build on their basis a mathematical apparatus for forecasting the financing of environmental needs in the event of a budget crisis. Methodology. The results of the study were obtained using general and special methods of cognition. Methods of comparative analysis, content analysis and logical generalization were used to analyze the financing of environmental needs in general as well as waste management, in particular. Methods of quantitative and qualitative comparison were used to detect data correlation and isolation from random effects on the resulting function of non-random components. Methods of scientific abstraction and mathematical formalization were used to form a mathematical apparatus for forecasting the financing of environmental needs in the event of a budget crisis. Findings. It is proposed to introduce a strategic systems approach to address pressing issues of environmental protection and industrial waste management in the face of a shortage of financial resources both at the state level and at the regional level. The mathematical apparatus has been formed for this purpose. The increasing relevance of the forecast was achieved by introducing an original methodology. Trends and features of budget financing of ecological programs at the state and regional levels are revealed. With a chronic lack of financial resources, there is a tendency of a steady increase in current costs of waste management. Peculiarities of financing ecological needs from regional budgets are studied. It is stated that regional budgets are affected not only by the risks inherent in national funding, but also by their own sets of risks. Originality. The presence of correlated components in white noise of ARMA-models increased the relevance of forecasts of financing environmental programs in the crisis. The practical reliability of the correlation between some components of white noise and the integrated indicator of the level of economic security is established. It was found that the financing of environmental programs from regional budgets is characterized by more uneven changes than in the case of state funding. Practical value. Forecasts for the volume of industrial waste for disposal in specially designated places and the volume of capital investment and current costs of waste management have been developed. The possibilities of the mathematical model for the formation of forecasts of future periods are tested. Forecasts for the following years and approximations of previous periods are presented in a convenient analytical form to be used by specialists. Forecasting budget revenues for environmental needs allows planning a phased solution to environmental problems and attracting the necessary external financial resources, increases the ability of public control of financial flows and access to the planned indicators of each of the environmental investment objects. In a broader sense, it provides a tool for shaping the sphere of environmental protection as a single system.

scholarly journals Quantification of Classified Nickel Species in Spent FFC Catalysts

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Dapiaggi ◽  
Marco Alloni ◽  
Riccardo Carli ◽  
Nicola Rotiroti ◽  
Giorgia Confalonieri
Keyword(s):  
Zeolite Y ◽  
Complex Matrix ◽  
Spent Catalyst ◽  
Quick Method ◽  
Spent Catalysts ◽  
The Law ◽  
The One ◽  
Nickel Species

Abstract The paper presents a quick method for the quantification of nickel species in spent FFC catalysts; the quantification of known quantities NiO and $$\hbox{NiAl}_2\hbox{O}_{4}$$ NiAl 2 O 4 is first done in a matrix of fresh zeolite Y, and then in a complex matrix, similar to the one of a real spent catalyst. The method is carefully checked and the errors in the quantification are critically evaluated. After the validation of the method with known quantities of NiO, well below the law limit for direct re-use, a set of real spent catalysts (representative of a period of 12 months) is analysed. Graphic Abstract

scholarly journals Bioplastic films with unusually good oxygen barrier properties based on potato fruit-juice

RSC Advances ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (21) ◽  
pp. 12543-12548
Author(s):  
Simi Poulose ◽  
Ilari Jönkkäri ◽  
Mikael S. Hedenqvist ◽  
Jurkka Kuusipalo
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Fruit Juice ◽  
Potato Starch ◽  
Barrier Properties ◽  
Oxygen Barrier ◽  
Industrial Waste Management ◽  
Starch Industry

Valorization of potato fruit juice, a potato starch industry by-product, by developing biopolymer films that could replace petroleum based alternatives in packaging, providing a greener and sustainable solution to industrial waste management.

scholarly journals Research on Hazardous Waste Removal Management: Identification of the Hazardous Characteristics of Fluid Catalytic Cracking Spent Catalysts

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 2289
Author(s):  
Haihui Fu ◽  
Yan Chen ◽  
Tingting Liu ◽  
Xuemei Zhu ◽  
Yufei Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Hazardous Waste ◽  
Environmental Quality ◽  
Catalytic Cracking ◽  
Petroleum Refining ◽  
Fluid Catalytic Cracking ◽  
Refining Industry ◽  
Spent Catalyst ◽  
Spent Catalysts ◽  
Petroleum Refining Industry

Fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) spent catalysts are the most common catalysts produced by the petroleum refining industry in China. The National Hazardous Waste List (2016 edition) lists FCC spent catalysts as hazardous waste, but this listing is very controversial in the petroleum refining industry. This study collects samples of waste catalysts from seven domestic catalytic cracking units without antimony-based passivation agents and identifies their hazardous characteristics. FCC spent catalysts do not have the characteristics of flammability, corrosiveness, reactivity, or infectivity. Based on our analysis of the components and production process of the FCC spent catalysts, we focused on the hazardous characteristic of toxicity. Our results show that the leaching toxicity of the heavy metal pollutants nickel, copper, lead, and zinc in the FCC spent catalyst samples did not exceed the hazardous waste identification standards. Assuming that the standards for antimony and vanadium leachate are 100 times higher than that of the surface water and groundwater environmental quality standards, the leaching concentration of antimony and vanadium in the FCC spent catalyst of the G set of installations exceeds the standard, which may affect the environmental quality of surface water or groundwater. The quantities of toxic substances in all spent FCC catalysts, except those from G2, does not exceed the standard. The acute toxicity of FCC spent catalysts in all installations does not exceed the standard. Therefore, we exclude “waste catalysts from catalytic cracking units without antimony-based passivating agent passivation nickel agent” from the “National Hazardous Waste List.”

scholarly journals Air Quality Assessment in the State of Kuwait during 2012 to 2017

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 678
Author(s):  
Adeeba Al-Hurban ◽  
Sawsan Khader ◽  
Ahmad Alsaber ◽  
Jiazhu Pan
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Meteorological Factors ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
The State ◽  
Ambient Air Pollution ◽  
Northeast Monsoon ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Industrial Areas ◽  
The State Of Kuwait

This study aimed to examine the trend of ambient air pollution (i.e., ozone (O3), nitrogen monoxide (NO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), nitrogen oxides (NOx), sulfur dioxide (SO2), carbon monoxide (CO), benzene (C6H6) and particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter smaller than 10 microns (PM10), and non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHCs) at 10 monitoring stations located in the main residential and industrial areas in the State of Kuwait over 6 years (2012–2017). We found that the SO2 level in industrial areas (0.065 ppm) exceeded the allowable range of SO2 in residential areas (0.030 ppm). Air pollution variables were defined by the Environmental Public Authority of Kuwait (K-EPA). In this study, integrated statistical analysis was performed to compare an established air pollution database to Kuwait Ambient Air Quality Guidelines and to determine the association between pollutants and meteorological factors. All pollutants were positively correlated, with the exception of most pollutants and PM10 and O3. Meteorological factors, i.e., the ambient temperature, wind speed and humidity, were also significantly associated with the above pollutants. Spatial distribution mapping indicated that the PM10 level remained high during the southwest monsoon (the hot and dry season), while the CO level was high during the northeast monsoon (the wet season). The NO2 and O3 levels were high during the first intermonsoon season.

Energy management program for the State of Kuwait

2009 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 95 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.P. Maheshwari ◽  
A. Al Mulla ◽  
Y. Al Hadban
Keyword(s):  
Energy Management ◽  
Management Program ◽  
The State ◽  
The State Of Kuwait
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