scholarly journals Household plastic waste habits and attitudes: A pilot study in the city of Valencia

2021 ◽  
pp. 0734242X2199641
Author(s):  
Isabelle Roche Cerasi ◽  
Francisco V Sánchez ◽  
Iris Gallardo ◽  
Miguel Á Górriz ◽  
Paula Torrijos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Recycling Rate ◽  
Plastic Packaging ◽  
Horizon 2020 ◽  
Plastic Recycling ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
Responsible Consumption ◽  
Pilot Implementation ◽  
The City

Bearing in mind that only 42% of plastic packaging post-consumer waste is recycled in Europe, the European Directive 2018/852 established the key target of a 55% plastic packaging waste recycling rate by 2030. For this reason, PlastiCircle, funded by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program project, aims to foster the recycling of packaging, improve all stages of the waste collection, and promote responsible consumption. Three European cities have been selected as locations for pilot implementation: Valencia (Spain), Utrecht (The Netherlands) and Alba Iulia (Romania). The main objective of the present study has been to evaluate the participants’ opinion and attitudes on plastic recycling. This paper presents the results from the district of San Marcelino in the city of Valencia, the first PlastiCircle pilot to face the challenges of encouraging households to participate more in plastic waste sorting and recycling.

scholarly journals Stefanny Margaretha PERANCANGAN INTERIOR UNTUK KOMUNITAS RECYCLE SAMPAH PLASTIK SEBAGAI TEMPAT WISATA DAN PEMBELAJARAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 50-56
Author(s):  
Stefanny Margaretha ◽  
Alicia Inneke
Keyword(s):  
Service Learning ◽  
Interior Design ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Learning Space ◽  
Plastic Bags ◽  
The Government ◽  
Form Transformation ◽  
The City ◽  
Beautiful City

The city of Surabaya is the second largest city after Jakarta and of course is inhabited by millions of peoplewho produce trash every day, especially plastic waste which is mostly produced from used food containers,plastic cups, straws and plastic bags. Various methods are used by the government to overcome this problemso that the city of Surabaya can become a cleaner and more beautiful city. One community in Surabaya calledthe Waste Recycling Project is a caring community, focusing on the waste recycling activities in Surabaya.The Waste Recycling Project community is able to change the form (transformation) of waste into functionalgoods. This encourages this community to have a place where it can be developed into a community tourismdestination with a Human Centered Design approach where people and tourists can come to visit the WasteRecycling Project to tour and learn together about plastic waste management. This interior design is focusedon designing a community place that can accommodate gathering activities for service learning, space forplastic waste recycle workshop activities, and as a forum for aspirations of creative ideas as well as a gatheringplace for people who have interests and concerns for the surrounding environment.

scholarly journals Use and disposal of disposable plastic packaging by retail chains and catering companies

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 356-363
Author(s):  
Elena Yu. Panasenkova ◽  
◽  
Olga E. Gruzdeva ◽  
Maria G. Kuznetsova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Polymer Waste ◽  
Plastic Packaging ◽  
Legal Documents ◽  
Effective System ◽  
Retail Chains ◽  
Polymeric Waste ◽  
Disposable Plastic

The increased use of disposable plastic consumer packaging, especially in the sanitary and epidemiological conditions of COVID-19, makes it necessary to dispose of the resulting waste. The problem is aggravated by the weak processing of waste, which is stored and not destroyed in nature. In this regard, the purpose of the article is to analyze the problems caused by the consumption and disposal of plastic disposable plastic packaging by retail chains and public catering companies. A brief comparative analysis of the composition and quantities of the plastic waste was carried out. The legal documents governing the waste management in Russia and abroad were studied. The Russian waste recycling market was compared with the foreign ones. Data on polymeric waste(composition, quantity, share in the total mass of waste, cost, and possibility of using as a secondary raw material) were studied. The lack of an effective system for collecting polymer waste and its utilization in Russia was emphasized and compared with Asian, European and American countries. In these countries, there are regulatory documents governing the collection and recycling of plastic products; the production itself is economically attractive. Recommendations aimed to encourage manufacturers to recycle waste were given; options for solving the problem of recycling plastic waste on a legislative, economic and managerial basis were offered.

scholarly journals Efficient Plastic Recycling and Remolding Circular Economy Using the Technology of Trust–Blockchain

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 9142
Author(s):  
Swikriti Khadke ◽  
Pragya Gupta ◽  
Shanmukh Rachakunta ◽  
Chandreswar Mahata ◽  
Suma Dawn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Circular Economy ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Time Span ◽  
Degradation Behavior ◽  
Multiple Stakeholders ◽  
Marine Life ◽  
Plastic Recycling ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Plastic Waste Recycling

Global plastic waste is increasing rapidly. In general, densely populated regions generate tons of plastic waste daily, which is sometimes disposed of on land or diverged to sea. Most of the plastics created in the form of waste have complex degradation behavior and are non-biodegradable by nature. These remain intact in the environment for a long time span and potentially originate complications within terrestrial and marine life ecosystems. The strategic management of plastic waste and recycling can preserve environmental species and associated costs. The key contribution in this work focuses on ongoing efforts to utilize plastic waste by introducing blockchain during plastic waste recycling. It is proposed that the efficiency of plastic recycling can be improved enormously by using the blockchain phenomenon. Automation for the segregation and collection of plastic waste can effectively establish a globally recognizable tool using blockchain-based applications. Collection and sorting of plastic recycling are feasible by keeping track of plastic with unique codes or digital badges throughout the supply chain. This approach can support a collaborative digital consortium for efficient plastic waste management, which can bring together multiple stakeholders, plastic manufacturers, government entities, retailers, suppliers, waste collectors, and recyclers.

scholarly journals Constructed Governance as Solution to Conflicts in E-Waste Recycling Networks

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1701
Author(s):  
Fernanda Pedro ◽  
Ernesto Giglio ◽  
Luis Velazquez ◽  
Nora Munguia
Keyword(s):  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Electronic Waste ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Recycling Rate ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Recycling Networks ◽  
Collective Process ◽  
The Right ◽  
The City

Electronic waste (e-waste) has become an increasingly pressing problem worldwide because of the increase in the volume of waste, without a corresponding increase in the recycling rate. E-waste recycling models show a low percentage of reuse, at around 17.4% in the world, 11% in Latin America, and 3% in São Paulo City, Brazil. The sources of conflicts relating to e-waste recycling networks are diverse, including asymmetries of objectives, knowledge, ethical values, and culture of sustainability, which indicates the need for a system of regulatory mechanisms. The article’s main proposition is that constructed governance, which is a collective process involving many actors, could be an alternative to e-waste recycling management. The city of São Paulo was chosen to be analyzed. Using an abductive methodology, the data analysis shows a fragmented network, with conflicts of interest among commercial and sustainability objectives, an absence of legal knowledge, and increases in the incorrect disposal of waste. However, initiatives in small groups in Brazil, which can be considered as examples of constructed governance, show a better volume of waste and the transportation of waste material to the right destination. The authors argue that constructed governance could be an efficient tool for e-waste recycling management systems. Besides, the article offers a matrix of indicators that can be used by both researchers and recycling managers.

Quantitative analysis of residential plastic recycling in New York City

2021 ◽  
pp. 0734242X2110099
Author(s):  
Vanessa Ventola ◽  
Eliza Brenman ◽  
Grace Chan ◽  
Tarek Ahmed ◽  
Marco J Castaldi
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
York City ◽  
Recovery Rate ◽  
New York State ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Recycling Rate ◽  
Plastic Recycling ◽  
Material Recovery ◽  
Recycling Potential

More than 420,000 tonnes of plastic waste is produced every year in New York City (NYC). This plastic represents 15% of municipal solid waste in NYC and is in line with New York State and United States averages. This material is managed by NYC’s dual-stream recycling system and industry-leading material recovery facilities. However, not all plastic collected for recycling (diverted) is ultimately sold to be remanufactured into new products (recovered). This study utilizes publicly available data to quantify and compare the diversion and recovery rates of residential plastics in NYC to provide quantitative context of such a process in a large metropolitan area. In 2018, 35.2% of plastics suitable for recycling were diverted, indicating a potential to improve collection. Of these, only 53.4% of plastics diverted for recycling were ultimately recovered through sale into the markets. This is aligned with the theoretical maximum recycling potential described in other scholarly work. The 53.4% recovery rate of diverted plastics indicates that an increase in diversion would not yield an equivalent increase in recovery. Additionally, barriers to the recovery of plastic waste impact the actual recycling rate. The literature and this study recognize that contamination, technology limitations, and the availability of markets all influence the sorting and selling of plastics. Furthermore, plastic recycling has recently received significant attention due to the implementation of China’s National Sword policy. This study demonstrates that from 2017 to 2018, while the sales of plastics #3–7 decreased, the overall recovery rate of plastics in NYC was not impacted by China’s National Sword policy.

Cost analysis of plastic solid waste recycling in an urban district in Turkey

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (9) ◽  
pp. 906-913 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayten Genc ◽  
Ozgur Zeydan ◽  
Selin Sarac
Keyword(s):  
Solid Waste ◽  
Unit Cost ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Cost Evaluation ◽  
Mechanical Recycling ◽  
Urban District ◽  
Plastic Recycling ◽  
Plastic Wastes

The usage of plastics has exponentially increased in our daily lives over the past 50 years because of its durability, low costs and potential for diverse applications, such as widespread use as disposable items. In this study, first, the recycling cost of plastic wastes has been estimated by using actual data taken from a recycling centre, where plastic solid wastes were collected separately. The total amount of plastic wastes recycled at the centre was approximately 695 tonnes. The operating cost of plastics separation at the recycling centre, the transport of plastic wastes, labouring, maintenance, electricity, insurance and chemical costs were taken into consideration in the cost evaluation. Accordingly, the unit cost of recycling was calculated as US$0.40 kg−1 of plastic waste. This cost was compared with the predicted plastic recycling cost in the same region using statistical values. The predicted recycling cost was estimated based on assuming segregated collection by the municipalities of all PSW in municipal solid waste. Then the resulting unit cost of recycling was found to be US$0.25 kg−1 of plastic waste. In addition, the recycling costs were also evaluated including the revenue from the sales of recycled plastic granular. According to the evaluated total cost of plastic recycling, it can be concluded that mechanical recycling of plastics can only be an economical option if the recovery of plastics is improved.

Material Value Conservation: Development of Design Criteria for Rigid Plastic Packaging

2018 ◽  
Vol 936 ◽  
pp. 110-115
Author(s):  
Djoko Sihono Gabriel ◽  
Muhammad Habiburrahman ◽  
Palito J. Endthen
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Design Criteria ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Rigid Plastic ◽  
Plastic Packaging ◽  
Packaging Design ◽  
Recycling Industry ◽  
Plastic Recycling ◽  
Printing Ink

Inappropriate plastic packaging design with excessive use of color and printing ink affected to the high cost of sorting, separation and cleaning, and low acceptance level of plastic waste for secondary recycling. This research proposed design for material value conservation which elaborated with a set of design criteria for rigid plastic packaging production as key solution in avoiding value degradation of the plastic waste. The existing design criteria of products have various approach which affected on how to manage abundant plastic waste with no or very low value of materials that has been generated by daily consumption of plastic packaging. Otherwise, the proposed design criteria conserve the material value systematically which make the post use materials of plastic packaging more financially feasible as raw materials in plastic recycling industry. Widespread implementation of the new design criteria in industry will generate broader impact and more benefits in economic, social and environment, especially for countries or regions with high density of people and high consumption rate of conserved products.

scholarly journals Deep learning redesign of PETase for practical PET degrading applications

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongyuan Lu ◽  
Daniel J. Diaz ◽  
Natalie J. Czarnecki ◽  
Congzhi Zhu ◽  
Wantae Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Learning Algorithm ◽  
Hydrolytic Activity ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Plastic Recycling ◽  
Ph Tolerance ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Deep Learning Algorithm ◽  
Plastic Waste Recycling

AbstractPlastic waste poses an ecological challenge1. While current plastic waste management largely relies on unsustainable, energy-intensive, or even hazardous physicochemical and mechanical processes, enzymatic degradation offers a green and sustainable route for plastic waste recycling2. Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) has been extensively used in packaging and for the manufacture of fabrics and single-used containers, accounting for 12% of global solid waste3. The practical application of PET hydrolases has been hampered by their lack of robustness and the requirement for high processing temperatures. Here, we use a structure-based, deep learning algorithm to engineer an extremely robust and highly active PET hydrolase. Our best resulting mutant (FAST-PETase: Functional, Active, Stable, and Tolerant PETase) exhibits superior PET-hydrolytic activity relative to both wild-type and engineered alternatives, (including a leaf-branch compost cutinase and its mutant4) and possesses enhanced thermostability and pH tolerance. We demonstrate that whole, untreated, post-consumer PET from 51 different plastic products can all be completely degraded by FAST-PETase within one week, and in as little as 24 hours at 50 °C. Finally, we demonstrate two paths for closed-loop PET recycling and valorization. First, we re-synthesize virgin PET from the monomers recovered after enzymatic depolymerization. Second, we enable in situ microbially-enabled valorization using a Pseudomonas strain together with FAST-PETase to degrade PET and utilize the evolved monomers as a carbon source for growth and polyhydroxyalkanoate production. Collectively, our results demonstrate the substantial improvements enabled by deep learning and a viable route for enzymatic plastic recycling at the industrial scale.

scholarly journals Plastic Packaging: A Study on Plastic Imports in Uganda

2022 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia Mutonyi Wandeka ◽  
Nicholas Kiggundu ◽  
Raymonds Mutumba
Keyword(s):  
Future Trend ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Media Access ◽  
Product Packaging ◽  
Plastic Packaging ◽  
Plastic Recycling ◽  
Space Allocation ◽  
The Government ◽  
Quality Of Products ◽  
Locally Grown

Plastic packaging is crucial in preserving the quality of products. It has become ubiquitous, and an inseparable part of daily life and the food industry due to its aesthetic attributes, strength, affordability and convenience of use. This has thus led to the increase in demand and imports of plastics in the country. However, plastic packaging alone accounts for 47% of global plastic waste amidst documented threats of plastic waste to the environment-water-food-health nexus. Several reports indicate that between 1994 and 2017, Uganda imported a total of 1.9 million tons of plastic in both raw and finished form compared to 117 million tons across Africa. Imports and use of plastics in Uganda have increased by six-fold within the last three years hence extrapolating the growing challenge for sustainable plastic imports, product packaging, and waste management. The objective of the review therefore was to explore the future trend and impact of plastic imports and packaging in Uganda by analyzing plastic imports and the associated waste. The study further reviews the challenges arising from the growing demand for plastic packaging and presents a discussion on the solutions and potential ways forward for win-win benefits. Several strides to curb the menace of plastic waste are presented, which are manly from the private sector and plastic recycling businesses. A conclusion is made that if these efforts are to meet the intended leaps of change, the government of Uganda has to support the private organisations through grants, space allocation for collection centers and media access across the country. Furthermore, stricter regulations on excess plastic importation have to be implemented by the government as the country develops locally grown solutions to plastic packaging and use.

scholarly journals Life Cycle Assessment and Energy Efficiency from Industry of Plastic Waste Recycling

2020 ◽  
Vol 202 ◽  
pp. 06015
Author(s):  
Vita Rosmiati ◽  
Hadiyanto
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Potential Contribution ◽  
Recycling Industry ◽  
Plastic Recycling ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Plastic Waste Recycling ◽  
Plastic Pellets

The high use of plastic products is currently causing uncontrolled accumulation of plastic waste so that an effort is needed to minimize the negative impacts caused to the environment. One of the appropriate efforts in processing plastic waste is recycling to produce a variety of useful products. Each stage of the process in managing plastic waste recycling starts from collecting raw materials to producing a new product for consumers requiring energy that can be calculated and analyzed for their impact on the environment using the LCA method. From this study can be concluded that the plastic recycling industry as one of the efforts in reducing the generation of plastic waste to the environment consists of 3 (three) main stages, namely the stages of enumeration, the distribution of raw materials and the stages of production of plastic pellets. The environmental burden analyzed includes the production process of recycling plastic waste to produce an output in the form of 1 ton of plastic where the total GHG emissions generated are 2.36E + 03 kg CO2 eq, with details of the potential contribution to global warming of 1.30E + 02 kg CO2 eq at the stage enumeration, 3.52E + 01 kg CO2 eq at the distribution stage and 2.15E + 00 kg CO2 eq at the plastic pellets production stage. The efficiency of plastic seed products in this study showed a good result, where the NEV and NER values of the recycled plastic pellets products were 39664.1 MJ and 2.11 MJ.

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