The Road Less Traveled: Does Rail Transit Matter?

2021 ◽  
pp. 0739456X2110358
Author(s):  
Tao Tao ◽  
Jason Cao ◽  
Xinyi Wu
Keyword(s):  
System Performance ◽  
Substitution Effect ◽  
Twin Cities ◽  
Light Rail ◽  
Rail Transit ◽  
Vehicular Traffic ◽  
Experiment Research ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Road ◽  
Over Time

Quantifying the effect of rail transit on vehicular traffic helps policy makers understand its transportation benefits. Previous studies seldom consider the effect over time and the influence of confounding factors. We apply a quasi-experiment research design to explore the evolving impact of the Green Line light rail transit on vehicular traffic in the Twin Cities, controlling for road classification, land use, and transit supply. The results show that rail transit is a substitute for automobile traffic, but induced and diverted trips gradually reduce the substitution effect. The reduced effect suggests that rail transit improves transportation system performance.

scholarly journals Factors Influencing Passengers’ Satisfaction with the Light Rail Transit Service in Alpha Cities: Evidence from Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Using Structural Equation Modelling

Mathematics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (16) ◽  
pp. 1954
Author(s):  
Ahmad Nazrul Hakimi Ibrahim ◽  
Muhamad Nazri Borhan ◽  
Muhamad Razuhanafi Mat Yazid ◽  
Riza Atiq Rahmat ◽  
Sotaro Yukawa
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Perceived Value ◽  
Perceived Quality ◽  
Light Rail ◽  
Rail Transit ◽  
Kuala Lumpur ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Effective Strategies ◽  
Passenger Satisfaction

Policy makers and service providers must have a good understanding of the determinants of passengers’ satisfaction with light rail transit (LRT) in order to be able to formulate effective strategies that ensure passenger satisfaction, which would in turn help to retain existing passengers and attract new ones. This is seen as the most important determinant of the long-term financial performance of LRT service. In this context, the present study seeks to establish the influence of passenger expectation, perceived quality and perceived value on their satisfaction with the service provided. A total of 417 responses from a self-administrated questionnaire were collected from LRT passengers in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The proposed model was tested using a structural equation model. The results proved the significant and direct effect of perceived quality and perceived value on passenger satisfaction. Of the factors, perceived quality is the most critical construct determining the satisfaction level of LRT passengers. The present study concludes by deriving the theoretical and managerial implications on the field of transport. This study provides beneficial information which helps service providers, authorities, policy makers, planners, and researchers formulate effective strategies to increase the use of LRT service, especially in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, and other alpha and metropolitan cities in general.

scholarly journals Dynamic Vehicular Traffic Load: Definition and Quantification

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-91
Author(s):  
Gerald Ostermayer ◽  
Christian Backfrieder ◽  
Manuel Lindorfer
Keyword(s):  
Route Optimization ◽  
Traffic Load ◽  
Optimization Approach ◽  
Vehicular Traffic ◽  
Vehicular Communication ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Capacity ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Traffic Simulations ◽  
Over Time

In this paper, we introduce a method that quantifies the amount of traffic over time by the help of a cloud calculation service and vehicular communication. Furthermore, the approach is applicable also in vehicular traffic simulations, which are widely used in research to demonstrate the effects of proposed solutions to traffic problems. As unused road segments strongly influence the overall traffic load (i.e. used vs full road capacity), we propose a methodology that dynamically calculates the load over time and considers whether specific parts of the road network are used. We introduce two possibilities to filter out distortion of the created statistics due to variation in usage over time. Our novel approach is both simple but widely configurable to fit individual needs. The approach is proven by simulations and application of the load calculation in combination with an intelligent route optimization approach by comparing the optimization gain with the calculated traffic load.

scholarly journals Application of integrated land-use and transportation mode to Keele-Finch mobility hub in Toronto

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamidreza Forouzandeh Shahraki
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Housing Demand ◽  
Light Rail ◽  
Rail Transit ◽  
Transportation Mode ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Land Owners ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Demand Changes ◽  
Decision Making Tool

There is a debate between land owners, who think their property should be approved for higher height permissions of zoning by-laws due to being located close to a transit station, and policy makers who want to consider potential future developments in a way to suit the whole area. This study tries to establish a methodology and provide a decision making tool by introduction of a land-use and transportation interaction (LUTI) model considering all the involved aspects such as a number of settled households, their income level, number of employments and categorization, travel preferences and inventory of housing. The goal is to observe what housing demand changes will occur, where and what types are most wanted, at the smallest currently possible level of census dissertation area (DA) for conditional scenarios of before and after completion of major transit projects of light-rail transit (LRT) and subway in the study area.

Coalition Formation and Metropolitan Contention: An Analysis of the Politics of Light–Rail Transit in the Twin Cities of Minnesota

2009 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul T. Knudson
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Regional Cooperation ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Coalition Building ◽  
Twin Cities ◽  
Light Rail ◽  
Rail Transit ◽  
Light Rail Transit ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
Big City

This article, by examining the planning, development, construction, and operation of the Hiawatha light–rail transit line in the Twin Cities of Minnesota, attempts to further the understanding of coalition–building between lawmakers in urban and suburban areas, as well as those at the local, state, and federal levels, and how this cooperation affects metropolitan areas. the analysis relies on primary and secondary data from local newspapers, radio transcripts, and organization websites and materials from 1995 to 2007 to examine the political processes surrounding the project. Previous research on coalition–building strategies and regionalism informs the theoretical approach of the article. Key findings suggest that traffic congestion acts as a powerful motivator for uniting urban and suburban interests. the research also supports previous findings that big–city mayors seldom take the lead in promoting regional cooperation. in addition, findings suggest that governor–brokered coalitions can be relatively unstable, and that the possibility for receiving federal funds promotes regional cooperation along the lines of transportation issues.

scholarly journals Application of integrated land-use and transportation mode to Keele-Finch mobility hub in Toronto

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamidreza Forouzandeh Shahraki
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Housing Demand ◽  
Light Rail ◽  
Rail Transit ◽  
Transportation Mode ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Land Owners ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Demand Changes ◽  
Decision Making Tool

There is a debate between land owners, who think their property should be approved for higher height permissions of zoning by-laws due to being located close to a transit station, and policy makers who want to consider potential future developments in a way to suit the whole area. This study tries to establish a methodology and provide a decision making tool by introduction of a land-use and transportation interaction (LUTI) model considering all the involved aspects such as a number of settled households, their income level, number of employments and categorization, travel preferences and inventory of housing. The goal is to observe what housing demand changes will occur, where and what types are most wanted, at the smallest currently possible level of census dissertation area (DA) for conditional scenarios of before and after completion of major transit projects of light-rail transit (LRT) and subway in the study area.

Intra-sectoral and Intersectoral Parity Issues in Pricing of Agricultural Crops: A Preliminary Analysis

1987 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 401-417
Author(s):  
Sarfraz K. Qureshi
Keyword(s):  
Preliminary Analysis ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Terms Of Trade ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
Allocation Of Resources ◽  
Price Determination ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Government ◽  
Distribution Of Income ◽  
Over Time

Intersectoral terms of trade play a cruc1al role in determining the sectoral distribution of income and resource allocation in the developing countries. The significance of intra-sectoral terms of trade for the allocation of resources within the agricultural sector is also widely accepted by research scholars and policy-makers. In the context of planned development, the government specifies production targets for the agricultural sector and for different crops. The intervention of government in the field of price determination has important implications for the achievement of planned targets. In Pakistan, there is a feeling among many groups including farmers and politicians with a rural background that prices of agricultural crops have not kept their parities intact over time and that prices generally do not cover the costs of production. The feeling that production incentives for agriculture have been eroded is especially strong for the period since the early 1970s. It is argued that strong inflationary pressures supported by a policy of withdrawal of government subsidies on agricultural inputs have resulted in rapid increases in the prices paid by agriculturists and that increases in the prices received by farmers were not enough to compensate them for the rising prices of agricultural inputs and consumption goods.

PART 6: Light Rail Transit: We Can’t Hear You! San Diego’s Techniques for Getting Balanced Community Input in Major Investment Studies

1997 ◽  
Vol 1571 (1) ◽  
pp. 195-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toni Botte Bates ◽  
Dennis J. Wahl
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Public Involvement ◽  
Public Works ◽  
Light Rail ◽  
Rail Transit ◽  
Project Design ◽  
State Laws ◽  
Public Meetings ◽  
Minimum Requirements ◽  
Community Input

Virtually all public works projects require a substantial planning effort to identify impacts, costs, and alternatives. Federal and state laws and regulations call for certain levels of public involvement during planning, but meaningful, collaborative public involvement entails doing more than the minimum requirements. This is particularly true when there appears to be an imbalance in public input, where one viewpoint is heard above others. The San Diego Metropolitan Transit Development Board (MTDB) has undertaken efforts on two corridor projects to expand its public involvement in ways that maximize the range of community views, enhance project design, and build support for the project. In addition to the traditional public meetings, newsletters, and open houses, MTDB has used public relations firms, neutral facilitators, and staff outreach to achieve expanded public involvement goals. MTDB has found that, while there are risks and costs associated with these approaches, they ultimately result in better projects that receive more widespread public and political acceptance.

Anti-corruption in History

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Global Media ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Past ◽  
Human Wellbeing ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
Legitimate Power ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Scant Attention ◽  
Over Time

Anticorruption in History is the first major collection of case studies on how past societies and polities, in and beyond Europe, defined legitimate power in terms of fighting corruption and designed specific mechanisms to pursue that agenda. It is a timely book: corruption is widely seen today as a major problem, undermining trust in government, financial institutions, economic efficiency, the principle of equality before the law and human wellbeing in general. Corruption, in short, is a major hurdle on the “path to Denmark”—a feted blueprint for stable and successful statebuilding. The resonance of this view explains why efforts to promote anticorruption policies have proliferated in recent years. But while the subjects of corruption and anticorruption have captured the attention of politicians, scholars, NGOs and the global media, scant attention has been paid to the link between corruption and the change of anticorruption policies over time and place. Such a historical approach could help explain major moments of change in the past as well as reasons for the success and failure of specific anticorruption policies and their relation to a country’s image (of itself or as construed from outside) as being more or less corrupt. It is precisely this scholarly lacuna that the present volume intends to begin to fill. A wide range of historical contexts are addressed, ranging from the ancient to the modern period, with specific insights for policy makers offered throughout.

scholarly journals The prevalence of underweight in 9–10-year-old schoolchildren in Liverpool: 1998–2006

2009 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 953-956 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynne M Boddy ◽  
Allan F Hackett ◽  
Gareth Stratton
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrum ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fitness Testing ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Substantial Problem ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
Grade 3 ◽  
The City ◽  
Over Time

AbstractObjectiveTo estimate the prevalence of underweight between 1998 and 2006 in Liverpool schoolchildren aged 9–10 years using recently published underweight cut-off points.Design and settingStature and body mass data collected at the LiverpoolSportsLinx project’s fitness testing sessions were used to calculate BMI.SubjectsData were available on 26 782 (n13 637 boys, 13 145 girls) participants.ResultsOverall underweight declined in boys from 10·3 % in 1998–1999 to 6·9 % in 2005–2006, and all sub-classifications of underweight declined, in particular grade 3 underweight, with the most recent prevalence being 0·1 %. In girls, the prevalence of underweight declined from 10·8 % in 1998–1999 to 7·5 % in 2005–2006. The prevalence of all grades of underweight was higher in girls than in boys. Underweight showed a fluctuating pattern across all grades over time for boys and girls, and overall prevalence in 2005–2006 represents over 200 children across the city.ConclusionsUnderweight may have reduced slightly from baseline, but remains a substantial problem in Liverpool, with the prevalence of overall underweight being relatively similar to the prevalence of obesity. The present study highlights the requirement for policy makers and funders to consider both ends of the body mass spectrum when fixing priorities in child health.

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