“I Do Want to Stop, At Least I Think I Do”: An International Comparison of Recovery From Nonsuicidal Self-Injury Among Young People

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 416-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren Kelada ◽  
Penelope Hasking ◽  
Glenn Melvin ◽  
Janis Whitlock ◽  
Imke Baetens
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
The United States ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Primary Study ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Self Injury ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Primary Study Objective ◽  
Cross National ◽  
Nonsuicidal Self Injury

Phenomenological and cultural understandings of recovery from the perspective of individuals who engage in nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) are rare. The primary study objective was to understand similarities across three samples in (a) how young people define recovery from NSSI and (b) what they consider helpful approaches taken by parents and professionals to assist their recovery. Using a cross-national sample of young people ( n = 98) from Australia ( n = 48), Belgium ( n = 25) and the United States ( n = 25), we assessed their perspectives on NSSI. Consistent across all samples, young people defined recovery as no longer having the urge to self-injure when distressed, often displayed ambivalence about recovery, and reported it was helpful when parents and professionals were calm and understanding. Acceptance of recovery as a process involving relapses may need to be emphasized in NSSI treatment, to ease the pressure young people often place on themselves to stop the behavior outright.

scholarly journals “Smartphone Apps Are Cool, but Do They Help Me?”: A Qualitative Interview Study of Adolescents’ Perspectives on Using Smartphone Interventions to Manage Nonsuicidal Self-Injury

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 3289
Author(s):  
Anja Čuš ◽  
Julian Edbrooke-Childs ◽  
Susanne Ohmann ◽  
Paul L. Plener ◽  
Türkan Akkaya-Kalayci
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Young People ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Self Injury ◽  
Qualitative Interview Study ◽  
Mental Health Interventions ◽  
Nonsuicidal Self Injury

Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) is a major mental health problem associated with negative psychosocial outcomes and it most often starts in early adolescence. Despite this, adolescents are rarely involved in informing the development of interventions designed to address their mental health problems. This study aimed to (1) assess adolescents’ needs and preferences about future interventions that are delivered through smartphones and (2) develop a framework with implications for designing engaging digital mental health interventions. Fifteen adolescent girls, aged 12–18 years, who met diagnostic criteria for a current NSSI disorder and were in contact with mental health services, participated in semi-structured interviews. Following a reflexive thematic analysis approach, this study identified two main themes: (1) Experiences of NSSI (depicts the needs of young people related to their everyday experiences of managing NSSI) and (2) App in Context (portrays preferences of young people about smartphone interventions and reflects adolescents’ views on how technology itself can improve or hinder engaging with these interventions). Adolescent patients expressed interest in using smartphone mental health interventions if they recognize them as helpful, relevant for their life situation and easy to use. The developed framework suggests that digital mental health interventions are embedded in three contexts (i.e., person using the intervention, mental health condition, and technology-related factors) which together need to inform the development of engaging digital resources. To achieve this, the cooperation among people with lived experience, mental health experts, and human computer interaction professionals is vital.

Prospective rates of suicide attempts and nonsuicidal self-injury by young people with bipolar disorder participating in a psychotherapy study

2015 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maree L Inder ◽  
Marie T Crowe ◽  
Suzanne E Luty ◽  
Janet D Carter ◽  
Stephanie Moor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Young People ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Self Injury ◽  
Nonsuicidal Self Injury

scholarly journals Comparison of Short- versus Long-Course Antimicrobial Therapy of Uncomplicated Bacterial Pneumonia in Dogs: A Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Pilot Study

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 3096
Author(s):  
Aida I. Vientós-Plotts ◽  
Isabelle Masseau ◽  
Carol R. Reinero
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Antimicrobial Therapy ◽  
Bacterial Pneumonia ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Primary Study ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Primary Study Objective ◽  
Double Blinded

Current treatment for canine bacterial pneumonia relies on protracted courses of antimicrobials (3–6 weeks or more) with recommendations to continue for 1–2 weeks past resolution of all clinical and thoracic radiographic abnormalities. However, in humans, bacterial pneumonia is often treated with 5–10-day courses of antimicrobials, and thoracic radiographs are not considered useful to guide therapeutic duration. The primary study objective was to determine whether a short course of antimicrobials would be sufficient to treat canine bacterial pneumonia. Eight dogs with uncomplicated bacterial pneumonia were enrolled in this randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study comparing clinical and radiographic resolution with differing durations of antimicrobial therapy. Dogs received a course of antimicrobials lasting 10 (A10) or 21 (A21) days. Dogs randomized to the A10 group received placebo for 11 days following antimicrobial therapy. Patients were evaluated at presentation and 10, 30 and 60 days after the initiation of antimicrobials. At 10 days, 6/8 dogs had resolution of both clinical signs and inflammatory leukogram, and 5/8 dogs had improved global radiographic scores. After 60 days, clinical and hematologic resolution of pneumonia was noted in all dogs regardless of antimicrobial therapy duration; however, 3/8 dogs had persistent radiographic lesions. Thoracic radiographs do not appear to be a reliable marker to guide antimicrobial therapy in canine bacterial pneumonia as radiographic lesions may lag or persist despite clinical cure. This pilot study suggests a 10-day course of antimicrobials may be sufficient to treat uncomplicated canine bacterial pneumonia.

scholarly journals Social Ecological Model of Problem Gambling: A Cross-National Survey Study of Young People in the United States, South Korea, Spain, and Finland

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atte Oksanen ◽  
Anu Sirola ◽  
Iina Savolainen ◽  
Aki Koivula ◽  
Markus Kaakinen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Young People ◽  
Problem Gambling ◽  
Ecological Model ◽  
The United States ◽  
Social Ecological Model ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Social Ecological ◽  
The Social ◽  
Cross National

Problem gambling among young people is an emerging trend globally. The online environment in particular offers various possibilities for gambling engagement. This is the first cross-national survey study using the social ecological model to analyze problem gambling, especially in the online context. The aim was to analyze how different social ecological spheres explain problem gambling. Participants were young people aged 15–25 in the United States (n = 1,212), South Korea (n = 1,192), Spain (n = 1,212), and Finland (n = 1,200). The South Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS) instrument was used as a measure for problem gambling. Regression models predicted problem gambling with measures of intrapersonal, interpersonal, organizational, and societal spheres. Spanish participants had the highest SOGS score for problem gambling. Out of the spheres, organizational-sphere measures best explained the variation in problem gambling in all countries (26%) when compared to the societal (3%), interpersonal (5%) and intrapersonal (11%) spheres. In the full model, organizational-sphere measures had strong associations with problem gambling. These included consumer debt, online gambling community participation, online casino participation, and exposure to online pop-up advertisements. Other robust predictors of problem gambling included conformity to group norms in the interpersonal sphere and male gender and impulsivity in the intrapersonal sphere. Cross-national results were similar in different countries. The online context plays a major role in problem gambling behavior. The social ecological model is a useful tool by which to tackle problem gambling and develop preventative measures.

Basin-to-prospect-scale subsurface characterisation: new insights into the Exmouth Sub-basin, North West Shelf, Australia

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 640
Author(s):  
Abdul Kholiq ◽  
Claire Jacob ◽  
Bee Jik Lim ◽  
Oliver Schenk ◽  
Anubrati Mukherjee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Upper Jurassic ◽  
Hydrocarbon Exploration ◽  
Primary Study ◽  
Rift System ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
North West ◽  
Northern Carnarvon Basin ◽  
Primary Study Objective ◽  
Hydrocarbon Charge

The Exmouth Sub-basin represents part of the intracratonic rift system of the northern Carnarvon Basin, Australia. Hydrocarbon exploration has resulted in the discovery of a variety of oil and gas accumulations, mainly in Upper Triassic, Upper Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous intervals. Recent 3D petroleum systems modelling aided in understanding the interaction of the complex basin evolution and hydrocarbon charge history, shedding light on the variety and distribution of hydrocarbon types encountered, whilst also highlighting future remaining potential in both proven and untested plays. As a result of this modelling, the Exmouth Subsurface Characterisation Study was commissioned to further leverage >12000km2of recently acquired and processed seismic data and integrate data from specifically conditioned wells from across the Exmouth Sub-basin. The primary study objective was to better understand the distribution of lithologies across the basin, with focus upon the reservoir presence and properties over proven and potential deeper sections. Furthermore, given the variety of hydrocarbon types encountered, this study set out to understand the amplitude behaviour of these types within the different reservoirs. Collectively, these results have aided in identifying analogous hydrocarbon amplitude responses across the basin, derisking identified plays, prospects and existing discoveries and fields whilst also identifying new plays and leads.

scholarly journals Adolescent non-suicidal self-injury: A cross-national study of community samples from Italy, the Netherlands and the United States

2012 ◽  
Vol 197 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 66-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matteo Giletta ◽  
Ron H.J. Scholte ◽  
Rutger C.M.E. Engels ◽  
Silvia Ciairano ◽  
Mitchell J. Prinstein
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
The United States ◽  
National Study ◽  
Self Injury ◽  
Cross National Study ◽  
Cross National

scholarly journals Tobacco advertising features that may contribute to product appeal among US adolescents and young adults

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meghan Bridgid Moran ◽  
Kathryn Heley ◽  
Lauren Czaplicki ◽  
Caitlin Weiger ◽  
David Strong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Young People ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
The United States ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Tobacco Product ◽  
Tobacco Advertising ◽  
Cigarette Advertising ◽  
Youth And Young Adults ◽  
Product Appeal

Abstract Introduction Cigarette advertising is a causal agent of smoking uptake among young people. Although prior research links ad receptivity to tobacco product interest and use, little is known regarding the specific advertising tactics associated with increased product appeal among young people. Methods A national sample of 13-20 year-olds (N=3,688, youth) and 21-24 year-olds (N=1,556, young adults) in the United States participated in an online survey in 2017 (mean age 18.1 years). The majority (72.0%) of youth and nearly half (44.8%) of young adults were never smokers. Participants were shown a cigarette ad, randomly assigned from a pool of 50 advertisements, and reported how much they liked the ad, and were curious about and interested in using the advertised product. All 50 advertisements were content analyzed for a variety of features. Data from the survey and content analysis were merged and mixed effects analyses used to identify the features associated with increased liking, curiosity, and interest in using, referred to collectively as product appeal. Results Presence of a sweepstakes offer was associated with increased liking, curiosity and interest among youth and curiosity and interest among young adults. Outdoors settings, flora imagery, natural descriptors, and environmental themes were associated with increased appeal. Price reductions (e.g., coupons) were associated with decreased appeal among youth. Conclusions This study identified several advertising tactics associated with increased appeal among youth and young adults. If additional research confirms these findings, the U.S. Food and Drug Association should consider restricting use of these tactics in tobacco advertising.

scholarly journals Changes in snow cover occurrence and the atmospheric circulation impact in Poznań (Poland)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Szyga-Pluta
Keyword(s):  
Snow Cover ◽  
Atmospheric Circulation ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Primary Study ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Primary Study Objective ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Winter Severity

AbstractThe variability of occurrence of snow cover and the impact of atmospheric circulation on the snow cover occurrence in the period 1966/1967–2019/2020 in Poznań (Poland) have been examined. The implementation of the primary study objective covers the comprehensive analysis of the winter snow and thermal conditions using various indicators. This paper is based on daily data from the years 1966–2020 concerning the winter period. Winters in Poznań are highly variable and differentiated, considering the duration of particular seasons, number of days with snow cover, mean snow cover thickness, winter snowiness coefficient, or winter severity index. Negative trends concerning days with snow cover total snow cover depth winter snowiness coefficient and winter severity index in Poznań prove statistically significant. A higher probability of occurrence of snow cover was determined during cyclonic than anticyclonic circulation. The westerly and northerly types especially favoured the occurrence of days with snow cover. The increase of snow cover was associated with the northerly inflow mainly. Westerly types of circulation caused the decrease of snow cover predominantly.

The Relationship Between Portrayals of Nonsuicidal Self-Injury, Attitudes, Knowledge, and Behavior

Crisis ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 324-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Radovic ◽  
Penelope Hasking
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Harmful Effect ◽  
Self Injury ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
History Of ◽  
Key Variables ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Nonsuicidal Self Injury

Background: The high prevalence of nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) among young people has prompted research into why this may be a chosen coping strategy. One possibility is that the behavior is modeled from media depictions. Aims: The study examined the relationship between viewing films featuring NSSI and an individuals’ knowledge, attitudes toward, and engagement in NSSI. Method: 317 individuals (18–30 years) completed an online survey measuring these key variables. Results: Exposure to NSSI in film was related to history of NSSI; an even stronger relationship emerged when individuals identified with the character. Films increase knowledge and empathy toward those engaging NSSI, but they may also serve to trigger NSSI. Conclusions: Portrayal of NSSI in film could be designed to minimize imitation and to consider the potential to increase knowledge of NSSI among those with little exposure to the behavior. However, because films may also trigger NSSI, further work is needed to determine under what circumstances, and for which individuals, films exert a protective or harmful effect.

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