EXPRESS: How Communications that Portray Unhealthy Food Consumption Reduce Food Intake Among Dieters

2021 ◽  
pp. 074391562110190
Author(s):  
Mia M. Birau ◽  
Diogo Hildebrand ◽  
Carolina O. C. Werle
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Nonprofit Organizations ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Regulatory Agencies ◽  
Reduce Food Intake ◽  
Unhealthy Food

Both regulatory agencies and nonprofit organizations seek to understand how different tactics and appeals contained in food and public health advertisements might influence the food intake of an increasingly dieting-concerned population. This article addresses this important issue by examining how consumers who are concerned with their diets react to rich images of unhealthy food consumption. Results of two experiments show that exposure to food advertisements containing unhealthy food consumption imagery reduces food intake among consumers chronically concerned with dieting, whereas a third experiment shows a similar decrease in intended consumption when a public health advertisement portrays the consumption of unhealthy food. These findings in turn offer guidelines for maximizing the effectiveness of messages that attempt to promote healthy eating habits. Additionally, this research provides theoretical contributions to the self-control and mental imagery research domains which have public policy implications for regulatory agencies and nonprofit organizations.

scholarly journals Electronic Health Literacy and Dietary Behaviors in Taiwanese College Students: Cross-Sectional Study

10.2196/13140 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. e13140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu Ching Yang ◽  
Yi Fang Luo ◽  
Chia-Hsun Chiang
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Interactive Effect ◽  
Dietary Behaviors ◽  
Individual Factors ◽  
Consumer Health ◽  
Unhealthy Food ◽  
Ehealth Literacy ◽  
Balanced Diet

Background Given the recognized importance of preventing poor dietary behaviors during adolescence, we need a better understanding of college students’ dietary behaviors. Studies have found that individual factors and electronic health (eHealth) literacy may affect one’s dietary behaviors. However, few studies have fully investigated the effect of the three levels of eHealth literacy (functional, interactive, and critical) and the interactive effect of individual factors (eg, gender, monthly expenses, and frequency of cooking) and the three levels of eHealth literacy on the four aspects of dietary behaviors (consumer health, balanced diet, regular eating habits, and unhealthy food intake). Objective This study aimed to investigate whether individual differences and higher eHealth literacy are associated with more positive dietary behaviors and less unhealthy dietary intake. Methods The eHealth Literacy Scale is a 12-item instrument designed to measure college students’ functional, interactive, and critical eHealth literacy. The Dietary Behaviors Scale is a 14-item instrument developed to measure four aspects of dietary behaviors of college students. A questionnaire was administered to collect background information about participants’ gender, monthly expenses, and frequency of cooking. A national sample of college students was surveyed, and 813 responses were obtained. We conducted a multiple regression analysis to examine the association among individual factors, eHealth literacy, and dietary behaviors. Results This study found that functional eHealth literacy was negatively related to unhealthy food intake (beta=−.11; P=.01), and interactive eHealth literacy was positively related to balanced diet (beta=.25; P<.001) and consumer health (beta=.15; P=.02). Moreover, critical eHealth literacy was positively related to consumer health (beta=.30; P<.001) and regular eating habits (beta=.20; P=.002). Finally, the interactive effect between gender and interactive eHealth literacy was negatively related to balanced diet (beta=−.22; P<.001). The interactive effect between monthly expenses and functional eHealth literacy was positively related to balanced diet (beta=.07; P=.03), although the interactive effect between monthly expenses and critical eHealth literacy was negatively related to balanced diet (beta=−.10; P=.047). Conclusions This study showed that Taiwanese college students with higher functional eHealth literacy were more likely to engage in fewer unhealthy food consumption practices. Those who had higher interactive and critical eHealth literacy were more likely to engage in positive dietary behaviors than those with functional eHealth literacy. Surprisingly, females with high interactive eHealth literacy were more likely to have a poor balanced diet. In contrast, students with higher monthly expenses and higher functional eHealth literacy were more likely to have a balanced diet. However, students with higher monthly expenses and higher critical eHealth literacy were less likely to maintain a balanced diet.

scholarly journals Ingestão dietética e fatores associados ao consumo alimentar de universitários brasileiros: uma revisão

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 778
Author(s):  
Francini Xavier Rossetti
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Eating Habits

O presente artigo teve como objetivo revisar a literatura sobre hábitos alimentares de universitários brasileiros e identificar possíveis condicionantes.  A revisão consistiu na busca de artigos publicados entre 2004 e 2014 nas bases de dados Pubmed, Lilacs e Scielo, por meio da combinação dos termos: college students, university, nutrition, diet, food consumption, eating habits, food intake, dietary intake.  Outra estratégia foi a busca manual nas listas de referências dos artigos identificados e selecionados por meio da pesquisa eletrônica. Optou-se por excluir publicações com amostra indivíduos exclusivamente do sexo feminino, selecionando-se 9 artigos para análise. Os principais fatores associados ao consumo alimentar entre universitários brasileiros foram rendimento familiar, dupla jornada de estudo e trabalho, área do curso de graduação, estado nutricional, sexo e local de realização das refeições.  A produção científica sobre consumo alimentar de universitários brasileiros é escassa, destacando-se maiores contribuições nos últimos 5 anos. Em relação aos métodos utilizados, predominam questionários de frequência alimentar. A análise sob a ótica de padrões de consumo alimentar, a necessidade de relacionar o consumo com medidas de desfecho e a necessidade de estudos longitudinais com essa população se fazem necessários, levando em consideração delineamentos adequados, do ponto de vista dos condicionantes do consumo alimentar do ponto de vista sociodemográfico, ambiental e individual.

scholarly journals COVID-19 pandemic’s impact on eating habits in Saudi Arabia

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Noara Alhusseini ◽  
Abdulrahman Alqahtani
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Public Health Officials ◽  
The Impact

Background: COVID-19 virus has been reported as a pandemic in March 2020 by the WHO. Having a balanced and healthy diet routine can help boost the immune system, which is essential in fighting viruses. Public Health officials enforced lockdown for residents resulting in dietary habits change to combat sudden changes. Design and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted through an online survey to describe the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the eating habits, quality and quantity of food intake among adults in Saudi Arabia. SPSS version 24 was used to analyze the data. Comparison between general dietary habits before and during COVID-19 for ordinal variables was performed by Wilcoxon Signed Rank test, while McNemar test was performed for nominal variables. The paired samples t-test was used to compare the total scores for food quality and quantity before and during COVID-19 periods.Results: 2706 adults residing in Riyadh completed the survey. The majority (85.6%) of the respondents reported eating home-cooked meals on a daily basis during COVID-19 as compared to 35.6% before (p<0.001). The mean score for the quality of food intake was slightly higher (p=0.002) before the COVID-19 period (16.46±2.84) as compared to the during period (16.39±2.79). The quantity of food mean score was higher (p<0.001) during the COVID-19 period (15.70±2.66) as compared to the before period (14.62±2.71).Conclusion: Dietary habits have changed significantly during the COVID-19 pandemic among Riyadh residents. Although some good habits increased, the quality and the quantity of the food was compromised. Public Health officials must focus on increased awareness on healthy eating during pandemics to avoid negative consequences. Future research is recommended to better understand the change in dietary habits during pandemics using a detailed food frequency questionnaire.

scholarly journals Electronic Health Literacy and Dietary Behaviors in Taiwanese College Students: Cross-Sectional Study (Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu Ching Yang ◽  
Yi Fang Luo ◽  
Chia-Hsun Chiang
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Interactive Effect ◽  
Dietary Behaviors ◽  
Individual Factors ◽  
Consumer Health ◽  
Unhealthy Food ◽  
Ehealth Literacy ◽  
Balanced Diet

BACKGROUND Given the recognized importance of preventing poor dietary behaviors during adolescence, we need a better understanding of college students’ dietary behaviors. Studies have found that individual factors and electronic health (eHealth) literacy may affect one’s dietary behaviors. However, few studies have fully investigated the effect of the three levels of eHealth literacy (functional, interactive, and critical) and the interactive effect of individual factors (eg, gender, monthly expenses, and frequency of cooking) and the three levels of eHealth literacy on the four aspects of dietary behaviors (consumer health, balanced diet, regular eating habits, and unhealthy food intake). OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate whether individual differences and higher eHealth literacy are associated with more positive dietary behaviors and less unhealthy dietary intake. METHODS The eHealth Literacy Scale is a 12-item instrument designed to measure college students’ functional, interactive, and critical eHealth literacy. The Dietary Behaviors Scale is a 14-item instrument developed to measure four aspects of dietary behaviors of college students. A questionnaire was administered to collect background information about participants’ gender, monthly expenses, and frequency of cooking. A national sample of college students was surveyed, and 813 responses were obtained. We conducted a multiple regression analysis to examine the association among individual factors, eHealth literacy, and dietary behaviors. RESULTS This study found that functional eHealth literacy was negatively related to unhealthy food intake (beta=−.11; <italic>P</italic>=.01), and interactive eHealth literacy was positively related to balanced diet (beta=.25; <italic>P</italic>&lt;.001) and consumer health (beta=.15; <italic>P</italic>=.02). Moreover, critical eHealth literacy was positively related to consumer health (beta=.30; <italic>P</italic>&lt;.001) and regular eating habits (beta=.20; <italic>P</italic>=.002). Finally, the interactive effect between gender and interactive eHealth literacy was negatively related to balanced diet (beta=−.22; <italic>P</italic>&lt;.001). The interactive effect between monthly expenses and functional eHealth literacy was positively related to balanced diet (beta=.07; <italic>P</italic>=.03), although the interactive effect between monthly expenses and critical eHealth literacy was negatively related to balanced diet (beta=−.10; <italic>P</italic>=.047). CONCLUSIONS This study showed that Taiwanese college students with higher functional eHealth literacy were more likely to engage in fewer unhealthy food consumption practices. Those who had higher interactive and critical eHealth literacy were more likely to engage in positive dietary behaviors than those with functional eHealth literacy. Surprisingly, females with high interactive eHealth literacy were more likely to have a poor balanced diet. In contrast, students with higher monthly expenses and higher functional eHealth literacy were more likely to have a balanced diet. However, students with higher monthly expenses and higher critical eHealth literacy were less likely to maintain a balanced diet.

FAO/WHO GIFT: increasing the availability, harmonization and use of individual quantitative food consumption data worldwide

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
R Ferreira de Sousa ◽  
A Balcerzak ◽  
T Bevere ◽  
V Padula de Quadros
Keyword(s):  
Food Safety ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Dietary Exposure ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Consumption Data ◽  
Food Consumption Data

Abstract Introduction Understanding the various eating habits of different population groups, according to the geographical area, is critical to develop evidence-based policies for nutrition and food safety. The FAO/WHO Global Individual Food consumption data Tool (FAO/WHO GIFT) is a novel open-access online platform, hosted by FAO and supported by WHO, providing access to harmonized individual quantitative food consumption (IQFC) data, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Methods FAO/WHO GIFT disseminates IQFC data as ready-to-use food-based indicators in the form of infographics, and as microdata. The infographics intend to facilitate the use of these data by policy makers, providing an overview of key data according to population segments and food groups. The microdata is publicly available for download, and is intended for users that would like to do further analysis of the data. Results FAO/WHO GIFT is a growing repository. By June 2020, 14 datasets were available for dissemination and download, and an additional 44 datasets will be made available by 2022. FAO/WHO GIFT also provides an inventory of existing IQFC data worldwide, which currently contains detailed information on 268 surveys conducted in 105 countries. Conclusions FAO/WHO GIFT collates, harmonizes and disseminates IQFC data collected in different countries. This harmonization is aimed at enhancing the consistency and reliability of nutrient intake and dietary exposure assessments globally. FAO/WHO GIFT is developed in synergy with other global initiatives aimed at increasing the quality, availability and use of IQFC data in LMICs to enable evidence-based policy-making for better nutrition and food safety.

scholarly journals Effect of ultraprocessed food intake on cardiometabolic risk is mediated by diet quality: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
pp. bmjnph-2020-000225
Author(s):  
Jennifer Griffin ◽  
Anwar Albaloul ◽  
Alexandra Kopytek ◽  
Paul Elliott ◽  
Gary Frost
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Occupational Cohort

ObjectiveTo examine the effect of the consumption of ultraprocessed food on diet quality, and cardiometabolic risk (CMR) in an occupational cohort.DesignCross-sectional.SettingOccupational cohort.Participants53 163 British police force employees enrolled (2004–2012) into the Airwave Health Monitoring Study. A total of 28 forces across the UK agreed to participate. 9009 participants with available 7-day diet record data and complete co-variate data are reported in this study.Main outcome measuresA CMR and Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension score were treated as continuous variables and used to generate measures of cardiometabolic health and diet quality. Secondary outcome measures include percentage of energy from fat, saturated fat, carbohydrate, protein and non-milk extrinsic sugars (NMES) and fibre grams per 1000 kcal of energy intake.ResultsIn this cohort, 58.3%±11.6 of total energy intake was derived from ultraprocessed (NOVA 4) foods. Ultraprocessed food intake was negatively correlated with diet quality (r=−0.32, p<0.001), fibre (r=−0.20, p<0.001) and protein (r = −0.40, p<0.001) and positively correlated with fat (r=0.18, p<0.001), saturated fat (r=0.14, p<0.001) and nmes (r=0.10, p<0.001) intake . Multivariable analysis suggests a positive association between ultraprocessed food (NOVA 4) consumption and CMR. However, this main effect was no longer observed after adjustment for diet quality (p=0.209). Findings from mediation analysis indicate that the effect of ultraprocessed food (NOVA 4) intake on CMR is mediated by diet quality (p<0.001).ConclusionsUltraprocessed food consumption is associated with a deterioration in diet quality and positively associated with CMR, although this association is mediated by and dependent on the quality of the diet. The negative impact of ultraprocessed food consumption on diet quality needs to be addressed and controlled studies are needed to fully comprehend whether the relationship between ultraprocessed food consumption and health is independent to its relationship with poor diet quality.

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