Visual Attention Study in Youth With Spastic Cerebral Palsy Using the Event-Related Potential Method

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 1525-1528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elina Hakkarainen ◽  
Silja Pirilä ◽  
Jukka Kaartinen ◽  
Kai Eriksson ◽  
Jaap J. van der Meere
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Visual Attention ◽  
High Probability ◽  
Potential Method ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Oddball Paradigm ◽  
Spastic Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Brain Potential ◽  
Peer Control

Youth with mild spastic cerebral palsy (n = 14) and a peer control group were compared on an oddball paradigm. Here, visual stimuli were presented with low and high probability and participants were instructed to count in silence the number of rare stimuli. The infrequent stimulus typically elicits an enhanced frontal central N2 and a centroparietal P300 event-related brain potential, reflecting orientation and evaluation of stimulus novelty. No differences in latency and amplitude of the N2–P300 complex were found between the 2 groups, indicating that some fundamental attention processes are intact in youth with mild spastic cerebral palsy.

scholarly journals Changes in Ankle Range of Motion, Gait Function and Standing Balance in Children with Bilateral Spastic Cerebral Palsy after Ankle Mobilization by Manual Therapy

Children ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 142
Author(s):  
Pong Sub Youn ◽  
Kyun Hee Cho ◽  
Shin Jun Park
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Ankle Joint ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Standing Balance ◽  
Spastic Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Walk Test ◽  
Joint Mobilization ◽  
Gait Function

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of ankle joint mobilization in children with cerebral palsy (CP) to ankle range of motion (ROM), gait, and standing balance. We recruited 32 children (spastic diplegia) diagnosed with CP and categorized them in two groups: the ankle joint mobilization (n = 16) group and sham joint mobilization (n = 16) group. Thus, following a six-week ankle joint mobilization, we examined measures such as passive ROM in ankle dorsiflexion in the sitting and supine position, center of pressure (COP) displacements (sway length, area) with eyes open (EO) and closed (EC), and a gait function test (timed up and go test (TUG) and 10-m walk test). The dorsiflexion ROM, TUG, and 10-m walk test significantly increased in the mobilization group compared to the control group. Ankle joint mobilization can be regarded as a promising method to increase dorsiflexion and improve gait in CP-suffering children.

Changes in ankle spasticity and strength following selective dorsal rhizotomy and physical therapy for spastic cerebral palsy

1999 ◽  
Vol 91 (5) ◽  
pp. 727-732 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack R. Engsberg ◽  
Sandy A. Ross ◽  
Tae Sung Park
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Physical Therapy ◽  
Spastic Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Selective Dorsal Rhizotomy ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Dorsal Rhizotomy ◽  
Angle Data ◽  
Work Done ◽  
Fine Print

Object. In this investigation the authors quantified changes in ankle plantarflexor spasticity and strength following selective dorsal rhizotomy (SDR) and intensive physical therapy in patients with cerebral palsy (CP).Methods. Twenty-five patients with cerebral palsy (CP group) and 12 able-bodied volunteers (AB controls) were tested with a dynamometer. For the spasticity measure, the dynamometer was used to measure the resistive torque of the plantarflexors during passive ankle dorsiflexion at five different speeds. Data were processed to yield a single value that simultaneously encompassed the three key elements associated with spasticity: velocity, resistance, and stretch. For the strength test, the dynamometer rotated the ankle from full dorsiflexion to full plantarflexion while a maximum concentric contraction of the plantarflexors was performed. Torque angle data were processed to include the work done by the patient or volunteer on the machine. Plantarflexor spasticity values for the CP group were significantly greater than similar values for the AB control group prior to surgery but not significantly different after surgery. Plantarflexor strength values of the CP group were significantly less than those of the AB control group pre- and postsurgery. Postsurgery strength values did not change relative to presurgery values.Conclusions. The spasticity results of the present investigation agreed with those of previous studies indicating a reduction in spasticity for the CP group. The strength results did not agree with the findings of most previous related literature, which indicated that a decrease in strength should have occurred. The strength results agreed with a previous investigation in which knee flexor strength was objectively examined, indicating that strength did not decrease as a consequence of an SDR. The methods of this investigation could be used to improve SDR patient selection.

scholarly journals Evaluating the Effects of 5-Hz Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation With and Without Wrist-Ankle Acupuncture on Improving Spasticity and Motor Function in Children With Cerebral Palsy: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiamin Li ◽  
Cen Chen ◽  
Shenyu Zhu ◽  
Xiulian Niu ◽  
Xidan Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Motor Function ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Muscle Tension ◽  
Spastic Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Experimental Group

Objective: The goal of this study is to explore the effect of wrist-ankle acupuncture combined with 5-Hz repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on improving spastic state and motor function of children with spastic cerebral palsy by measuring electrophysiological parameters and behaviors.Methods: Twenty-five children with spastic cerebral palsy were enrolled in a single-blind and randomized controlled trial. The control group received 20 sessions of 5-Hz rTMS over the affected hemisphere with 1,000 pulses. The experimental group was given wrist-ankle acupuncture on the basis of the control group. Gross motor function measure (GMFM-66), muscle tension, and electrophysiological parameters of the two groups were assessed at baseline and after intervention.Results: After treatment, the GMFM-66 scores in the same groups were significantly improved (p < 0.001). Besides, the R-value of soleus, gastrocnemius, and hamstring muscle decreased (p < 0.05), and the results showed a trend of shortening MEP latency, increasing amplitude and duration (p < 0.05). Compared to the controlled group, the experimental group displayed more excellent changes in the GMFM-66 scores and motor evoked potential (MEP) latency. The statistical results showed that the increase of GMFM-66 score and the shortening of MEP latency in the experimental group were greater than that in the control group (p < 0.05). However, no significant differences were found in the assessment of muscle tension, amplitude, and duration of MEPs between two groups (p > 0.05).Conclusion: Wrist-ankle acupuncture combined with 5-Hz rTMS is optimal to improve gross motor function and enhance the conductivity of corticospinal tract in children with cerebral palsy but cannot highlight its clinical superiority in improving spasticity.Clinical Trial Registration: [http://www.chictr.org.cn/index.aspx], identifier [chictr2000039495].

scholarly journals Evaluation of Autonomic Nervous System in Children With Cerebral Palsy: Clinical and Electophysiological Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanan Galal Azouz ◽  
Ali M Abdel Mohsen ◽  
Rana M Mohamed ◽  
hayam mostafa abdelghany
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Autonomic Dysfunction ◽  
Sympathetic Skin Response ◽  
Spastic Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Children With Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Skin Response

Abstract Cerebral palsy (CP) is the most prevalent severe motor disability among children. The aim of this work was to assess autonomic dysfunction in children with cerebral palsy clinically and electrophysiologically .The study was carried out on forty children with cerebral palsy their age ranged from 4-12 years and twenty healthy children with matched age and sex as control group. CP children were subjected to questionnaire for autonomic dysfunction symptoms. Both CP children and Control group were assessed for Sympathetic Skin Response and Heart rate variability. Most of children had quadriplegic spastic cerebral palsy (82.5%). Based on Gross motor function classification system (GMFCS) classification the majority of children were in levels 4 and 5. The prevalence of autonomic dysfunction symptoms was 80% for thermoregulatory abnormalities (cold extremities), chronic constipation 65%, sleep disturbance 52.5%, loss of appetite 47.5%, sweating abnormalities 40% , recurrent nausea and/or vomiting 25%, increased sensitivity to light or dark 22.5% and bloating 15%. The percentage of unelicited Sympathetic skin response in CP children was 47.5% and 60% in upper limbs and lower limbs respectively, all of them were in level 4 and 5 of GMFCS. 20% of CP children had postural hypotension. Mean Heart rate of CP children was significantly increased more than healthy children upon head tilt test. Sympathetic Skin Response and Heart rate variability were proven to be simple and non invasive procedures in investigating autonomic dysfunction in CP children.

scholarly journals Benefits of Upper Limb Functional Electrical Stimulation in Children with Spastic Cerebral Palsy

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-207
Author(s):  
Corina SPOREA ◽  
◽  
Dumitru FERECHIDE ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Functional Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Motor Performance ◽  
Functional Limitation ◽  
Spastic Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Wrist Flexion ◽  
Effective Manner

Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of Functional Electrical Stimulation in upper limb rehabilitation in children with cerebral palsy. Methods: 90 children with spastic cerebral palsy, age between 6 and 9 years, were randomized into two groups. 45 children, represented the control group, performed conventional physical and occupational therapy and robot-assisted therapy. In addition to the control group, the experimental group received functional electrical stimulation interventions with postural control on the affected upper limb. Results: The experimental group's motor performance after treatment (improved coordination by 8.2%, wrist flexion by 9.75°, three-fingered grasp strength by 1.04°, and functional limitation lowered by 5.93) was considerably better than the control group's which coordination increased by 5.5%, wrist flexion by 8.72°, three-fingered grasp strength by 0.7 and functional limitation decreased by 2.33. Conclusions: Functional electrical stimulation intervention was found to be an effective manner to improve motor performance, in terms of coordination, range of motion, and three-fingered grasp strength, visibly reducing functional limitation and improving performance in activities of daily living.

scholarly journals Comprehensive rehabilitation of patients with movement disorders with spastic forms of cerebral palsy

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (6-2) ◽  
pp. 82-91
Author(s):  
O. V. Bugun ◽  
A. V. Mashanskaya ◽  
A. V. Atalyan ◽  
V. I. Mikhnovich ◽  
T. A. Belogorova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Motor Skills ◽  
Exercise Therapy ◽  
Movement Disorders ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Spastic Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Until now, there is no radical method of treating children with cerebral palsy, which allows us to consider scientific research in this direction reasonable and promising.The aim of the research: to study the effect of exercises on the mini-simulator “Kinesioplatform-swing” with biofeedback on the indicators of motor skills in children with spastic cerebral palsy.Materials and methods. We conducted an open, non-randomized, prospective, comparative, controlled study in pairs (each participant in the main group corresponds to a participant in the control group). The study involved 53 patients aged 4–12 years with cerebral palsy: the intervention group (group 1: n = 27 (13 boys, 14 girls)) and the control group (group 2: n = 26 (11 boys, 15 girls)), comparable in terms of gender, age and severity of movement disorders. Characteristics of the medical intervention: group 1 – botulinum toxin type A (BTA, for exercising against the background of relative muscular normotonus) + exercise therapy + exercises on the mini-simulator “Kinesioplatform-swing” with biofeedback (BFB); group 2 – BTA + exercise therapy. Duration of the study: 2019–2020. The difference between groups in terms of motor skills on the day of hospitalization and after completion of the training program (10 sessions each) was determined. Motor skills were assessed according to the GMFM-66/88 (Gross Motor Function Measure) table using the “Scales for measuring global motor functions”.Results. The inclusion of additional exercises on the mini-simulator “Kinesioplatformswing” with biofeedback in the rehabilitation of patients with movement disorders with spastic cerebral palsy (BTA + exercise therapy) in comparison with the control group. However, the question of the long-term effects of such training remains open and requires further study.

scholarly journals The effects of sling exercise program on balance and body activities in children with spastic cerebral palsy

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 410-417
Author(s):  
Eun-Ju Song ◽  
Eun-Jung Lee ◽  
Hae-Yeon Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Motor Function ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Spastic Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gross Motor ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Experimental Group

The purpose of this study was to investigate the static and dynamic balance and body activities after administering a trunk stability exercise program using a sling for children with spastic cerebral palsy of Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) levels III–IV. This study was conducted based on a quasi-experimental study design. Six of the study participants were assigned to the control group and six were assigned to the experimental group using simple random sampling. Both groups underwent a double-blind clinical trial study in which exercise therapy was performed for 40 min twice a week for 8 weeks. The experimental group underwent the sling exercise program and the control group underwent neuro-developmental treatment. The results showed that static and dynamic balance were significantly different before and after intervention in both the experimental and control groups (P<0.05), and there was also a statistically significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Gross motor function and activities of daily life showed significant improvement before and after intervention in the experimental group (P<0.05), but there was no statistically significant difference in the control group (P<0.05). There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Therefore, the sling exercise program can be used as an effective treatment for improving balance and physical activity in children with cerebral palsy of GMFCS levels III–IV who have difficulty walking. In addition, such exercise will have a positive impact on the independence of such children and help them to participate in social activities.

scholarly journals Combination taping technique versus ankle foot orthosis on improving gait parameters in spastic cerebral palsy: A controlled randomized study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed A. Abdel Ghafar ◽  
Osama R Abdelraouf ◽  
Amr A. Abdel-aziem ◽  
Gihan Samir Mousa ◽  
Ali O. Selim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Spastic Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Spastic Diplegia ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Double Support ◽  
Ankle Foot Orthosis ◽  
Gait Parameters ◽  
Foot Orthosis

Background: One of the important goals in the treatment of spastic cerebral palsy is to maintain efficient and effective walking in order to be independent in activities and participate in society. Objective: To compare the efficacy of foot combination taping of kinesio tape and athletic tape vs ankle foot orthosis in correcting spatiotemporal gait parameters in children with spastic diplegia. Methods: Thirty-six children with spastic diplegia were randomly assigned into 3 groups; control, combination taping, and ankle foot orthosis groups. Children in the control group, in addition to those in both experimental groups, continued with conventional physical therapy, 1 h, 3 times per week for 4 weeks. Spatiotemporal gait parameters were assessed with the GAITRite system before and after the application of interventions. Results: Significant increases in walking velocity, step length, stride length, right single support duration, and left single support duration of the ankle foot orthosis and combination taping groups than pre-intervention values. [AQ9] Moreover, the post--intervention values of the double support duration of the ankle foot orthosis and combination taping groups were significantly lower than pre-intervention values. There were no significant differences between the post-intervention values of the ankle foot orthosis and combination taping groups for all parameters. Conclusion: The results demonstrated that combination taping is an effective alternative technique to ankle foot orthosis to improve spatiotemporal parameters in children with spastic diplegic in combination with conventional physiotherapy.

scholarly journals The Ability to Run in Young People with Cerebral Palsy before and after Single Event Multi-Level Surgery

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 660
Author(s):  
Roman Rethwilm ◽  
Harald Böhm ◽  
Leonhard Döderlein ◽  
Peter A. Federolf ◽  
Chakravarthy U. Dussa
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Young People ◽  
Surgical Procedures ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Spastic Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Single Event ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Multi Level

The objective of the study is to identify and evaluate possible factors that influence the ability to run before and after single event multi-level surgery (SEMLS). Young patients (6–25 years) with spastic cerebral palsy (GMFCSI-II) were retrospectively included. Type and number of surgical procedures, time for recovery and 3D gait analysis variables were analyzed with respect to the ability to run. In total, 98 patients (38 females; 60 males) who received SEMLS (12 years, SD 3.4) were included and compared to a control group of 71 conservatively treated patients. Of 60 runners pre-surgery, 17 (28%) lost the ability, while gained in 8 of 38 (21%) non-runners. The number of surgical procedures was a significant predictor and those who lost their ability to run had significantly more (mean = 5.9, SD = 1.7), compared to the patients who gained the ability (mean = 3.5, SD = 0.9). Further, pre-surgical function (e.g., gait speed) was significantly different (p < 0.001). Pre-surgical function and the number of surgical procedures seem to play an important role for the gain or loss of the ability to run after surgery. Caution is warranted in patients with lower pre-surgical function and the ability to run, as they seem at a higher risk to lose the ability.

scholarly journals Potential effects of traditional massage on spasticity and gross motor function in children with spastic cerebral palsy: A randomized controlled trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qamar Mahmood ◽  
Dr. Shaista Habibullah ◽  
Prof. Dr. Muhammad Naveed Babur
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Motor Function ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Spastic Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gross Motor ◽  
Gross Motor Function ◽  
Randomized Controlled

Objective: To evaluate the effects of traditional massage (TM) on spasticity and gross motor function in children with cerebral palsy (CP). Methods: This randomized control trial (RCT) was conducted with recruitment of 86 children (Dropped out= 11; Analyzed= 75) with spastic CP (diplegia) allocated randomly through sealed envelope method to intervention and control group with ages between 2-10 years from September 2016 to August 2018. Both groups received conventional physical therapy (CPT) once daily, five times a week for a period of three months. However, intervention group received TM additionally. Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS), Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM-88) and Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) were used to evaluate spasticity and gross motor function at the beginning, after six and 12 weeks of intervention. Data were compared and analyzed through SPSS-20. Results: Mean age in control and intervention group was 6.81±2.31 and 7.05±2.47 years respectively. No statistically significant differences in MAS, GMFM and GMFCS scores were found at base line. The children in intervention group showed statistically significant reduction in MAS scores in all four limbs after six and 12 weeks of intervention (p < 0.05) in comparison with the control group. However, GMFM scores and GMFCS levels did not change significantly in intervention group as compared to control group. Conclusion: It is concluded that TM can effectively reduce the spasticity, does not have harmful effects, so can be administered safely by mothers at home and making it suitable for the management of spastic CP. However, in order to achieve better gross motor function, it should be practiced in conjunction with CPT, functional skills and task oriented approaches. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.5.478 How to cite this:Mahmood Q, Habibullah S, Babur MN. Potential effects of traditional massage on spasticity and gross motor function in children with spastic cerebral palsy: A randomized controlled trial. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(5):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.5.478 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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