Examining the Relationship between the Lethality Assessment/Domestic Violence High-risk Team Monitoring (LAP/DVHRT) Program and Prosecution Outcomes

2021 ◽  
pp. 088626052110283
Author(s):  
Kristin L. Anderson ◽  
Hannah Bryan ◽  
Alexis Martinez ◽  
Brandon Huston
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Sentence Length ◽  
Exact Matching ◽  
Full Sample ◽  
Lethal Violence ◽  
Using Data ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Sentencing Outcomes

Lethality assessment (LAP) and team monitoring of high-risk offenders (DVHRT) are recent U.S. policy innovations designed to identify domestic violence offenders who are at high risk for perpetrating serious or lethal violence against their intimate partners. One goal of LAP/DVHRT is to increase offenders’ accountability for domestic violence within the legal system. This study examines associations between LAP/DVHRT and prosecution and sentencing outcomes using data on domestic violence offenses ( n = 88) involving 37 offenders monitored by a DVHRT and 51 nonmonitored comparison offenders who were identified as high risk on the LAP. We use logistic and OLS regression to estimate models of six prosecution and sentencing outcomes for the full sample and for a sample matched using the coarsened exact matching technique ( n = 73). Multivariate results indicate that when the treatment and comparison samples are matched and control variables are included in regression models, the LAP/DVHRT program is not associated with prosecution or conviction rates, number of charges, or bail amount. DVHRT monitoring is positively associated with sentence length in multivariate analysis and in models using the matched sample. Findings suggest that the LAP/DVHRT program increases offender accountability in the form of incapacitation at the sentencing stages.

Gender Equality and Sentencing Outcomes: An Examination of State Courts

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 673-695
Author(s):  
Jeffrey S. Nowacki
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
State Courts ◽  
State Court ◽  
Multilevel Logistic Regression ◽  
County Level ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Court Processing ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Sentencing Outcomes

The current study examined whether measures of structural gender equality conditioned the effects of defendant gender on incarceration decisions. Using data from the State Court Processing Statistics (SCPS) database, multilevel logistic regression was used to examine the relationship between both case- and county-level variables on incarceration decisions on a sample of defendants sentenced in state courts. Results indicated that women were less likely to be sentenced to prison than men, but there was no gender difference for jail and noncustodial sentences; however, the structural gender equality measures exerted only slight influences over sentencing outcomes.

Domestic violence in pregnancy

2001 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 249-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Loraine Bacchus ◽  
Susan Bewley ◽  
Gill Mezey
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Female Partners ◽  
Living Together ◽  
The Many ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Demographic Patterns ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship

Definitions of domestic violence vary according to the frequency, severity and nature of the violence as well as the context in which it occurred and the relationship between the victim and the perpetrator. Though there is a lack of uniformity, a generally accepted definition of domestic violence is the physical, sexual or emotional abuse of an adult woman by a man with whom she has or has had an intimate relationship, regardless of whether the couple are living together. Although violence can be carried out by other family members or occur in same-sex relationships, it is argued that men use violence in order to maintain dominance and control over their female partners. Physical violence is just one of the many tactics that an abuser may use to exert control over his partner. Other behaviours include isolation, intimidation, threats of violence, threats to take the children away or hurt them and emotional or economic abuse. Whilst some studies have identified demographic patterns associated with domestic violence, it can affect any woman regardless of age, race, ethnicity, social class, employment status, religion, marital status or disability.

scholarly journals Statistical Analysis of Twin Populations using Dissimilarity Measurements in Hippocampus Shape Space

2008 ◽  
Vol 2008 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youngser Park ◽  
Carey E. Priebe ◽  
Michael I. Miller ◽  
Nikhil R. Mohan ◽  
Kelly N. Botteron
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Shape Space ◽  
Control Population ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
Risk Population ◽  
Clinically Depressed ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship

By analyzing interpoint comparisons, we obtain significant results describing the relationship in “hippocampus shape space” of clinically depressed, high-risk, and control populations. In particular, our analysis demonstrates that the high-risk population is closer in shape space to the control population than to the clinically depressed population.

scholarly journals Conflicted Religionists: Measuring political backlash

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean Bock
Keyword(s):  
Church Attendance ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Political Orientation ◽  
Considerable Proportion ◽  
Exact Matching ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Matching Techniques ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Political Backlash

Over the past few decades, a steadily increasing number of people have identified as “nonreligious.” Scholars have suggested that this trend is in part due to attitude conflict within churches, where a political backlash of sorts has driven religionists away from their affiliations. While past research has largely focused on drawing descriptive patterns of those who have already disaffiliated from churches, there has been less of an effort to measure those religionists who experience attitude conflict with their churches—I call these individuals conflicted religionists. Using data from the Baylor Religion Survey (Wave II, 2007), a nationally representative sample, I expand the political backlash model and provide a novel measure of conflict by (1) measuring conflict on two specific and important issues: same-sex marriage and abortion, (2) identifying the socio-demographic makeup and magnitude of conflicted religionists, and by (3) measuring the association between attitude conflict and church attendance. Overall, the results show that a considerable proportion of religionists are indeed conflicted. Results from multivariate analyses suggest that political orientation is a clear and important predictor of attitude conflict. Moreover, Evangelicals stand out as being especially unlikely to conflict, even after other variables are controlled. Finally, using Coarsened Exact Matching techniques, I show that conflicted religion is associated with significantly lower church attendance. This paper provides the first known attempt to measure attitude conflict in churches and takes initial steps toward understanding the relationship between conflict and religious participation. Broader implications for the study of religion, politics, and social change are discussed.

National Culture and the Stream Analogy of Lethal Violence

2021 ◽  
pp. 108876792110597
Author(s):  
Don Soo Chon
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
National Culture ◽  
Suicide Rate ◽  
Homicide Rate ◽  
Lethal Violence ◽  
Cultural Measures ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Stream Analogy ◽  
The Relationship

This is the first study to explore the relationship between Inglehart and Baker’s national cultural measures and the stream analogy of lethal violence. Using data for 70 developed and developing countries, the regression analysis indicates that a country with self-expressionism or secularism is likely to have a high suicide rate relative to its homicide rate. In contrast, a country with a survivalism or traditionalism orientation is likely to have a high homicide rate relative to its suicide rate. This study suggests that national culture is related to the direction of lethal violence (i.e., suicide vs. homicide).

Leaving violent men: A study of women’s experiences of separation in Victoria, Australia

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 339-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Crystal Bruton ◽  
Danielle Tyson
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Public Attitudes ◽  
Influencing Factor ◽  
Male Partner ◽  
Women’S Experiences ◽  
Women's Experiences ◽  
Decisions To Leave ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship

Despite decades of feminist efforts to educate the community about, and improve responses to, domestic violence, public attitudes towards domestic violence continue to misunderstand women’s experiences of violence. Underlying such responses is the stock standard question, ‘Why doesn’t she leave?’ This question points to a lack of understanding about the impacts and threat of violence from an abusive partner on women’s decisions to leave the relationship. Moreover, it places sole responsibility for ending the relationship squarely upon women, assuming women are presented with numerous opportunities to leave a violent relationship and erroneously assumes the violence will cease once they do leave. This study explores women’s experiences of separating from an abusive, male partner through women’s narratives (n = 12) in Victoria, Australia. Findings reveal that fear was a complex influencing factor impacting upon women’s decision-making throughout the leaving process. The findings show that women seek to exercise agency within the context of their abusers’ coercively controlling tactics by strategically attempting to manage the constraints placed on their decision-making and partner’s repeated attempts to reassert dominance and control.

Women’s Advocates and Shelter Residents: Describing Experiences of Working and Living in Domestic Violence Shelters

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (15-16) ◽  
pp. 3034-3053 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judy Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Community Resources ◽  
Intimate Partners ◽  
Domestic Violence Shelters ◽  
Abusive Partners ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Domestic violence shelters are a crucial service for women who have experienced violence and abuse from intimate partners. Despite research that demonstrates the effectiveness of shelter stays, little is known about the practices that occur and the interventions offered. Using data from qualitative interviews with six women’s advocates and six shelter residents, the article explores and documents the advocates’ practices and the impact of the shelter stay on women residents. The women’s advocates report that they provide women residents time to become comfortable, empower them to set their own goals and make their own decisions, and then help them to connect to other community resources. They also stressed that shelters are homes and they want to create environments within their shelters that are nonchaotic and violence free, so that the interactions encountered in these settings are different from women residents’ experiences with their abusive partners. The women residents reported receiving interventions that were similar to the descriptions that the advocates provided about their practice. For these women, being able to feel comfortable, safe, cared for, respected, and not judged was central to feeling helped during their shelter stay. Although the interview accounts revealed the importance of the relationship between advocates and residents, the findings also demonstrate that the environment within these shelters is equally significant to determining the quality of residents’ experiences.

Injury Patterns for Homicide Followed by Suicide by the Relationship Between Victims and Offenders

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy Reckdenwald ◽  
Shannon Simone
Keyword(s):  
Reporting System ◽  
Relationship Status ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Violent Death ◽  
Injury Patterns ◽  
Lethal Violence ◽  
Offender Characteristics ◽  
Research Gap ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Relationship

The connection between the victim–offender relationship and injury patterns has been established in the lethal violence literature; however, this association has not been explored in the study of homicide followed by the perpetrator’s suicide. Using data from the National Violent Death Reporting System (NVDRS), we address this research gap by examining violence inflicted on 1,718 homicide–suicide victims that occurred between 2003 and 2013. Results show some support for variation in injury across intimacy and relationship status while considering victim and offender characteristics; however, results were not as predicted. Avenues for future research are discussed.

Workers' Personal Initiative as a Moderator of the Relations between Job Characteristics and Well-Being

2010 ◽  
Vol 107 (1) ◽  
pp. 255-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toon W. Taris ◽  
Etty G. A. Wielenga-Meijer
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Learning Motivation ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Personal Initiative ◽  
Using Data ◽  
And Control ◽  
Main Effects ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Relevant Work ◽  
Positive Effect

Having personal initiative means that workers are self-starting, pro-active, and persistent in pursuing their goals. This study examined whether personal initiative contributed to the prediction of two aspects of well-being (emotional exhaustion and learning motivation). Personal initiative was expected to have direct effects on well-being as well as moderate the effects of relevant work characteristics such as job demands and control. As expected, stepwise hierarchical regression using data from 834 Dutch telecommunications workers yielded positive main effects of personal initiative on both aspects of well-being. Moreover, personal initiative moderated the relationship between control and learning motivation: the positive effect of control on learning motivation was stronger for workers with high initiative. These findings support the hypothesis that personal initiative is a predictor of well-being.

Lexical activation effects on children's sentence planning and production

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 551-576
Author(s):  
MONIQUE CHAREST ◽  
JUDITH R. JOHNSTON ◽  
JEFF A. SMALL
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Sentence Production ◽  
Sentence Length ◽  
Onset Latency ◽  
Lexical Activation ◽  
Early Activation ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Language Variables ◽  
Processing Difficulty

ABSTRACTWe investigated the relationship between lexical activation and syntactic planning in children's sentences. Four- and 7-year-old children described transitive scenes following patient-related prime pictures and control pictures. We examined syntactic choices, and compared onset latency, sentence length, and dysfluency rates for active transitive sentences in the two conditions. Early activation of the patient in the primed condition did not lead to the production of patient-subject sentences, but it did have consequences for active transitive sentence production. Namely, onset latencies were longer and sentences were shorter in the primed condition. Dysfluency rates did not differ between the two conditions. Correlation analyses revealed a stronger pattern of association between working memory scores and language variables in the patient-primed condition. The results indicate that conflicts between lexical activation order and syntactic plans are a source of processing difficulty during children's sentence production.

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