COVID-19 Experiences and Social Distancing: Insights From the Theory of Planned Behavior

Purpose: The objective of this study is to identify the relationship between COVID-19 experiences, perceived COVID-19 behavioral control, social norms and attitudes, and future intention to follow social distancing guidelines. Design: This is a cross-sectional study. Setting: Participants responded to an on-line survey in June 2020. Subjects: The study included 3,183 residents within Quebec, Canada aged 18 and over. Measures: Measures include perceived COVID-19 related discrimination, fear of COVID-19 infection, prior exposure to COVID-19, and prior social distancing behavior. Participants self-reported attitudes, perceived behavioral control, and perceived norms related to social distancing. Finally, we measured social distancing behavioral intention. Analysis: We evaluated a theory of planned behavior (TPB) measurement model of social distancing using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The association between COVID-19 perceived discrimination, fear of infection, previous social distancing behavior, exposure to COVID-19, TPB constructs and behavioral intentions to social distance were estimated using SEM path analysis. Results: TPB constructs were positively associated with intention to follow social distancing guidelines. Fear of COVID-19 infection and prior social distancing behavior were positively associated with behavioral intentions. In contrast, perceived discrimination was negatively associated with the outcome. Associations between fear of COVID-19, perceived COVID-19 discrimination and behavioral intentions were partially mediated by constructs of TPB. Conclusions: COVID-19 prevention efforts designed to emphasize positive attitudes, perceived control, and social norms around social distancing should carefully balance campaigns that heighten fear of infection along with anti- discrimination messaging.

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Attitude, social norms, and perceived behavioral control influence the academic integrity-related behavioral intentions of graduate students

Social Behavior and Personality An International Journal ◽

10.2224/sbp.9996 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 49 (4) ◽

pp. 1-12

Author(s):

Ting Yang ◽

Yungui Wang ◽

Jun Deng ◽

Chunji Huang

Keyword(s):

Graduate Students ◽

Theory Of Planned Behavior ◽

Social Norms ◽

Planned Behavior ◽

Academic Integrity ◽

Behavioral Intentions ◽

Behavioral Control ◽

Subjective Norms ◽

Perceived Behavioral Control ◽

Postgraduate Students

Graduate students have become the driving force of scientific research at Chinese universities. Therefore, further work is needed to understand what influences postgraduate students' academic integrity. Using the theory of planned behavior, this study investigated the relationships between postgraduates' attitude toward academic integrity, social norms (subjective, descriptive, and moral), perceived behavioral control, and intentions, and examined the moderating role of social identity in the relationship between social norms and intentions. We conducted a survey with 1,256 Chinese biomedical postgraduate students, and analyzed the data with structural equation modeling. The results show that attitude, subjective norms, descriptive norms, and perceived behavioral control influenced students' academic integrity-related behavioral intentions. The model explained over half of the variance in intentions, indicating that attitude, subjective norms, descriptive norms, and perceived behavioral control were the main variables influencing academic integrity-related behaviors. The theory of planned behavior can be applied in research on postgraduates' academic integrity.

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Predictive Social Norms of Physicians’ Intention to Use Liver Cancer Screening: Based on an Extended Theory of Planned Behavior

10.21203/rs.3.rs-88921/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Qingwen Deng ◽

Wenbin Liu

Keyword(s):

Cancer Screening ◽

Liver Cancer ◽

Theory Of Planned Behavior ◽

Social Norms ◽

Planned Behavior ◽

Malignant Tumors ◽

Behavioral Control ◽

Perceived Behavioral Control ◽

Intention To Use ◽

Cross Sectional

Abstract Background: Globally, liver cancer is one of the most malignant tumors and has become a great concern to public health. The serious context of liver cancer prevention and control urges researchers to find more evidence about liver cancer screening and to expand its use. The purpose of this study was to determine the predictors associated with physicians’ intention to use liver cancer screening. Methods: We took contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) as an example, and developed the research framework by adding socials norms to the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). Data was collected via a cross-sectional questionnaire survey on a sample of 292 physicians randomly selected from Fujian and Jiangxi provinces in China with a high and low incidence of liver cancer, respectively. Due to the multicollinearity problem of the data, ridge regression was applied to determine the influencing factors of physicians’ intention to use CEUS. Results: Most of the participants (87.30%) reported that they were willing to use liver cancer screening in their clinical practice. The scores of TPB variables were generally higher than those of social norms variables. Regression results indicated that the proposed model was explanatory, which has accounted for 72.6% of the total variance in physicians’ intention. Analyses also illustrated the significant role of TPB variables (attitude and perceived behavioral control) and social norms variables (personal norms, organizational norms, and industrial norms) on the physicians’ intention to use CEUS. Conclusions: The study extended the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) by including the concepts of social norms, which is not only conducive to expanding the knowledge of factors associated with physicians’ intention to use liver cancer screening, but also provide implications for developing strategies to promote the use of certain health services or products, such as playing the roles of core members, holding the panel meeting, and establishing an information push system.

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Intention to adopt cryptocurrency: a robust contribution of trust and the theory of planned behavior

Journal of Economic and Administrative Sciences ◽

10.1108/jeas-10-2021-0204 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽

Author(s):

Bahadur Ali Soomro ◽

Naimatullah Shah ◽

Nadia A. Abdelmegeed Abdelwahed

Keyword(s):

Theory Of Planned Behavior ◽

Planned Behavior ◽

Online Survey ◽

Behavioral Control ◽

Perceived Behavioral Control ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Content Type ◽

Intention To Adopt ◽

Positive Effect ◽

Practical Implications

PurposeAt present, the adoption of cryptocurrency investment has brought consideration to the globe. The present paper attempts to investigate the intention to adopt cryptocurrency (IACR) among the potential investors of Pakistan.Design/methodology/approachThe theory of planned behavior (TPB) is applied to underpin the conceptual framework. The study uses a quantitative approach. The study collects cross-sectional data through an online survey questionnaire. In the last, the authors utilized 334 samples for outcomes.FindingsFindings of the SEM reveal a significant positive effect of attitude, subjective norms (SNs), perceived behavioral control (PBC) and trust on IACR.Practical implicationsThe outcomes of an investigation would develop further intention and trust towards cryptocurrency adoption. The results would support developing favorable policies regarding the reduction of the ban on cryptocurrency in Pakistan to make easier transactions of the investors further. Possibly, it brings several opportunities in all segments of society in making the digital transaction modes through cryptocurrency. Finally, the findings would further validate the TPB in the context of cryptocurrency.Originality/valueThe study provides a better understanding of cryptocurrency and investors IACR. The empirical evidence further develops the other individuals' intentions towards cryptocurrency usage.

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Broadening the evidence for the Theory of Planned Behavior: predicting heavy episodic drinking in Argentinean female and male youth

Health and Addictions/Salud y Drogas ◽

10.21134/haaj.v17i2.323 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

pp. 159-167 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Raquel I Peltzer ◽

Karina Conde ◽

Maria Ayelen Biscarra ◽

Aldana Lichtenberger ◽

Mariana Cremonte

Keyword(s):

Theory Of Planned Behavior ◽

Social Norms ◽

Planned Behavior ◽

Perceived Control ◽

Behavioral Control ◽

Heavy Episodic Drinking ◽

Perceived Behavioral Control ◽

Male Youth ◽

Prevention Interventions ◽

And Performance

Introduction: Although the Theory of Planned Behavior has successfully been applied to explain heavy episodic drinking, recent reviews have identified gaps in the literature. Among them the role of gender, scarce research from non English speaking countries (and thus, other drinking contexts) and lastly, contradictory results regarding the measures used to evaluate social norms and perceived behavioral control. Objective: We aim to broaden the evidence for the Theory of Planned Behavior by evaluating the capacity of the model to predict heavy episodic drinking in Argentinean female and male youth. Methods: In this study a psychometrically sound measure is used and which evaluates both dimensions of social norms and perceived control. We measured Theory of Planned Behavior variables and last month heavy episodic drinking at two-time frames. Multiple linear and logistic regressions were performed. Results: Attitude was the main predictor of heavy episodic drinking intention; there were gender differences, among women perceived behavioral control and subjective norm were also predictors of heavy episodic drinking intentions. The intention was the main predictor of heavy episodic drinking for both genders, while perceived behavioral control was also a predictor among women. Conclusions: Theory of Planned Behavior allows us to better understand the motivational variables related to heavy episodic drinking intention and performance, and thus, to design appropriate prevention interventions.

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Theorizing News Literacy Behaviors

Communication Theory ◽

10.1093/ct/qtaa005 ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Emily K Vraga ◽

Melissa Tully ◽

Adam Maksl ◽

Stephanie Craft ◽

Seth Ashley

Keyword(s):

Theory Of Planned Behavior ◽

Social Norms ◽

Planned Behavior ◽

Research Agenda ◽

Behavioral Control ◽

Theory Building ◽

Perceived Behavioral Control ◽

News Literacy ◽

Definition Of ◽

Concise Definition

Abstract Despite renewed interest in news literacy (NL) as a way to combat mis- and dis-information, existing scholarship is plagued by insufficient theory building and inadequate conceptualization of both “NL” and its application. We address this concern by offering a concise definition of NL and suggest five key knowledge and skill domains that comprise this literacy. We distinguish NL from its application to behaviors that communication scholars have been interested in, including news exposure, verification, and identifying misinformation. We propose an adapted Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) to include NL in addition to the existing components (attitudes towards the behavior, social norms, perceived behavioral control) when modeling NL Behaviors. We discuss how this model can unite scholars across subfields and propose a research agenda for moving scholarship forward.

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The Theory of Planned Behavior to Predict Protective Behavioral Intentions against PM2.5 in Parents of Young Children from Urban and Rural Beijing, China

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph15102215 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 15 (10) ◽

pp. 2215 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Shumei Liu ◽

Yi-Te Chiang ◽

Chie-Chien Tseng ◽

Eric Ng ◽

Gwo-Liang Yeh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Air Pollution ◽

Young Children ◽

Theory Of Planned Behavior ◽

Planned Behavior ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Behavioral Intentions ◽

Behavioral Control ◽

Subjective Norms ◽

Perceived Behavioral Control ◽

Urban And Rural Areas

Smog and air pollution have fast become significant environmental problems and are attributed to rapid global industrialization and urbanization. Emissions of fine particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of ≤2.5 μm (PM2.5) increase smog and air pollution, with strong impacts on human health. Children are particularly vulnerable. While increasing studies are being conducted on the behaviors leading to PM2.5 toxicity from the perspective of environmental toxicants, there is a lack of research on factors influencing anti-PM2.5 behavioral intentions. Thus, this study aims to narrow this gap by adapting the theory of planned behavior framework to investigate the effects of attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control on protective behavioral intentions against PM2.5. In total, 1277 online questionnaires were collected from parents of young children living in urban and rural areas of Beijing, and the data was analyzed using correlation, regression, and path analyses. Results revealed that there were significant differences between parents from urban and rural areas in terms of attitude (t = 4.727 > 1.96, p < 0.001), subjective norms (t = 5.529 > 1.96, p < 0.001), perceived behavioral control (t = 6.155 > 1.96, p < 0.001), and anti-PM2.5 behavioral intentions (t = 6.838 > 1.96, p < 0.001). Path analysis revealed that parents from urban and rural areas had different behavioral intention paths. For urban parents, the findings indicated that subjective norms (β = 0.73, t = 21.84 > 3.29) and perceived behavioral control (γ = 0.22, t = 6.12 > 3.29) had direct impacts on anti-PM2.5 behavioral intentions. In contrast, the attitudes (γ = 0.39, t = 3.74 > 3.29) and subjective norms (β = 0.60, t = 8.55 > 3.29) of rural parents were found to directly influence anti-PM2.5 behavioral intentions.

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Exploration on the Behavior Patterns of Public Bicycle Users in Kaohsiung City from the Perspective of Theory of Planned Behavior and Structural Equation Model

10.20944/preprints201802.0088.v1 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Long-Sheng Huang ◽

Wan-Ru Su

Keyword(s):

Theory Of Planned Behavior ◽

Planned Behavior ◽

Influencing Factors ◽

Behavioral Intentions ◽

Behavioral Control ◽

Subjective Norm ◽

Three Dimensions ◽

Perceived Behavioral Control ◽

Factors Influencing ◽

Kaohsiung City

Recently, the awareness of energy conservation, carbon emission reduction, and environmental protection in Taiwan has begun to gradually improve, and bicycles have become an important vehicle for residents. In 2009, Kaohsiung began promoting public bicycle sharing. The number of users in that year amounted to 140,000. By 2015, the accumulated number of users reached nine million. This study adopted the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) to explore the factors influencing the behavioral intentions of public bicycle users, including the three dimensions of attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control, and probed into the relationship between the factors influencing the behavioral intentions of public bicycle users in Kaohsiung City and the dimensions. This study used a questionnaire to collect data and SPSS & AMOS for statistical analysis. The empirical results demonstrated that the most prominent factors influencing the behavioral intentions of public bicycle users in Kaohsiung City included perceived behavioral control, attitude, and subjective norm, in order. Among the influencing factors in the three dimensions, personal interests, main groups, and self-competence had a positive and significant correlation. Administrators should provide more incentives related to the three influencing factors to encourage the public in Kaohsiung City to use public bicycles more frequently as their short-distance travel mode, so as to achieve the purposes of saving energy, reducing carbon emissions, and protecting the urban environment.

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The Effect of Educational Intervention Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior on The Performance on Pap Smear Test Screening in Iranian Women

10.21203/rs.3.rs-58161/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Maryam Heidari Sarvestani ◽

zahra moradi ◽

Ali Khani Jeihooni ◽

Azizollah Dehghan

Keyword(s):

Theory Of Planned Behavior ◽

Planned Behavior ◽

Pap Smear ◽

Behavioral Control ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Perceived Behavioral Control ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Pap Smear Test ◽

Smear Test

Abstract Background: Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer and the fifth deadly cancer among women in Iran. Educational interventions based on proper behavior promoting models can lead to early diagnosis of cervical cancer. The theory of planned behavior pays attention to social factors and motivation for following the significant others. The aim of this study was to determine the factors related to performing regular Pap smear test based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) among the females living in Fasa, Iran.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 700 participants. Then the educational intervention based on the results of cross-sectional study was conducted in form of a workshop for 50 women as the intervention group, and 50 women were considered as the control group. After all, the data were entered into the SPSS statistical software and were analyzed via logistic regressions analysis, paired t-test, independent t-test, chi-square test, and McNemar test.Result: According to the results, 45.7% of the patients had a history of undergoing a Pap smear test, and 20.7% of them performed this test regularly. The knowledge, attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control were the predictors of intention and behavior of Pap smear test among the women (P<0.05). These components accounted for 57.4% and 31.6% of the intention and behavior variance, respectively. After the intervention, a significant increase was observed in the mean scores of attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control in the intervention group compared to the control group. The results revealed no significant difference between the two groups concerning the behavioral intention (p=0.41) and performance of the Pap smear test (p=0.583). The number of the participants who had undergone the Pap smear test increased from 10 to 26 in the intervention group three months after the intervention. The results of McNemar test indicated that this difference was statistically significant.Conclusion: The results indicated an increase in the women’s performance of the Pap smear screening test by appropriate planning, provision of educational packages based on the women’s needs, and using effective subjective norms.This clinical trial is registered in the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT20160830029608N3).

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Theory of Planned Behavior Analysis of Social Distancing During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Focusing on the Intention–Behavior Gap

Annals of Behavioral Medicine ◽

10.1093/abm/kaab041 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Laurel P Gibson ◽

Renee E Magnan ◽

Emily B Kramer ◽

Angela D Bryan

Keyword(s):

Theory Of Planned Behavior ◽

Planned Behavior ◽

Behavioral Control ◽

Longitudinal Design ◽

Subjective Norms ◽

Future Research ◽

Perceived Behavioral Control ◽

Social Distancing ◽

Over Time

Abstract Background As COVID-19 continues to spread globally, it is important to understand psychological factors that may influence compliance with social distancing. Purpose The present study examined whether Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) constructs were associated with social distancing, with a focus on exploring moderators of the intention–behavior relationship. Methods Using a longitudinal design, U.S. adults (N = 507) self-reported TPB constructs and social distancing behavior at baseline and 3 months later. Participants were from 48 U.S. States and the District of Columbia and were on average 50.39 years old (SD = 15.32, range = 18–80). The majority were Non-Hispanic White (71.6%), had a bachelor’s degree or higher (55.3%), and resided in suburban areas (55.8%). Results While positive attitudes toward social distancing increased over time (p = .002), subjective norms weakened (p < .001) and perceived behavioral control (PBC) remained stable (p = .22). Interestingly, despite an increase in intentions from baseline to follow-up (p < .001), there was a significant decrease in social distancing behavior over time (p < .001). Consistent with the TPB, baseline attitudes (p < .001), subjective norms (p < .001), and PBC (p < .001) for social distancing were all associated with baseline intentions to social distance. In turn, baseline intentions were significantly associated with social distancing behavior at follow-up (p < .001). Younger adults (p < .001) and non-White participants (p = .002) displayed a greater intention–behavior gap relative to older and White participants. In contrast, participants with more stable intentions over time displayed a stronger intention–behavior relationship (p < .001). Conclusions Targeting individuals’ attitudes, norms, and PBC may effectively promote protective behaviors intended to mitigate the spread of COVID-19 and similar viral outbreaks. Future research should examine effective strategies for translating social distancing intentions into actions.

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