The Effect of Age of Onset on Depression in the Elderly

Thirty-eight elderly patients with primary depressive illness (Feighner criteria) were followed up for 7–31 months. In the absence of persistent organic signs and severe physical illness, age of onset (first depressive episode after 60) but not age was significantly related to course of illness. Compared to early onset depressives, late onset depressives were more likely to remain completely well during the follow-up period and less likely to have frequent or disabling relapses.

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Genetic Variability in Molecular Pathways Implicated in Alzheimer's Disease: A Comprehensive Review

Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience ◽

10.3389/fnagi.2021.646901 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 ◽

Author(s):

David Vogrinc ◽

Katja Goričar ◽

Vita Dolžan

Keyword(s):

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Age Of Onset ◽

Association Studies ◽

The Elderly ◽

Gene Clustering ◽

Molecular Pathways ◽

Genome Wide Association Studies ◽

Cellular Processes ◽

Increased Risk

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex neurodegenerative disease, affecting a significant part of the population. The majority of AD cases occur in the elderly with a typical age of onset of the disease above 65 years. AD presents a major burden for the healthcare system and since population is rapidly aging, the burden of the disease will increase in the future. However, no effective drug treatment for a full-blown disease has been developed to date. The genetic background of AD is extensively studied; numerous genome-wide association studies (GWAS) identified significant genes associated with increased risk of AD development. This review summarizes more than 100 risk loci. Many of them may serve as biomarkers of AD progression, even in the preclinical stage of the disease. Furthermore, we used GWAS data to identify key pathways of AD pathogenesis: cellular processes, metabolic processes, biological regulation, localization, transport, regulation of cellular processes, and neurological system processes. Gene clustering into molecular pathways can provide background for identification of novel molecular targets and may support the development of tailored and personalized treatment of AD.

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The Association Between Age of Onset of Type 2 Diabetes with Long-term Risk of End Stage Kidney Disease: A National Registry Study

10.2337/figshare.12273110.v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Jedidiah I Morton ◽

Danny Liew ◽

Stephen P McDonald ◽

Jonathan E Shaw ◽

Dianna J Magliano

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Kidney Disease ◽

Cumulative Incidence ◽

Age Of Onset ◽

End Stage Kidney Disease ◽

Onset Of Diabetes ◽

End Stage ◽

Effect Of Age

Objective: The long-term risk of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) in type 2 diabetes is poorly described, as is the effect that younger age of diabetes onset has on this risk. Therefore, we aimed to estimate the effect of age of onset on the cumulative incidence of ESKD from onset of type 2 diabetes. Research Design and Methods: This study included 1,113,201 people with type 2 diabetes registered on the Australian National Diabetes Services Scheme (NDSS) followed from 2002 until 2013. The NDSS was linked to the Australia and New Zealand Dialysis and Transplant Registry and the Australian National Death Index. Results: Between 2002 and 2013, there were 7,592 incident cases of ESKD during 7,839,075 person-years of follow up. In the first 10-15 years following onset of diabetes, the incidence of ESKD was highest in those with an older age of onset of diabetes, whereas over longer durations of diabetes the incidence of ESKD became higher in those with younger-onset diabetes. After 40 years of diabetes, the cumulative incidence of ESKD was 11.8% and 9.3% in those diagnosed with diabetes aged 10-29 and 30-39 years, respectively. When death from ESKD without renal replacement therapy was included, incidence of ESKD remained higher in older onset diabetes for the initial 20 years, with no clear effect of age thereafter. Conclusions: The long-term risk of ESKD in type 2 diabetes is high, which disproportionately affects those with younger-onset of diabetes as they are more likely to survive to longer diabetes durations.

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Abstract 2652: Carotid Revascularization Provides Similar Outcomes in Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Patients with <70 Years

Stroke ◽

10.1161/str.43.suppl_1.a2652 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 43 (suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Paola De Rango ◽

Fabio Verzini ◽

Piergiorgio Cao ◽

Enrico Cieri ◽

Giuseppe Giordano ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stroke Risk ◽

Young Patients ◽

The Elderly ◽

Carotid Stenting ◽

Stroke Incidence ◽

Perioperative Stroke ◽

Carotid Revascularization ◽

Asymptomatic Patients ◽

Effect Of Age ◽

Stroke Death

Absolute stroke risk and perioperative stroke risk during carotid revascularization are higher in patients with symptomatic than in those with asymptomatic carotid stenosis. Age is one of the main risk factors for stroke and trials have shown a significant age interaction after carotid stenting (CAS). This study aims to analyze the effect of age on outcomes of carotid revascularization using the 70-year threshold as suggested by CREST. Methods: From 2001 to 2010 patients receiving carotid revascularization, either by CAS or by endarterectomy (CEA) were reviewed. Perioperative stroke-death rates and 72-month survival and late stroke incidence were compared in symptomatic and asymptomatic patients with less and more than 70years. Results: 2196 procedures, 1080 by CAS 1116 by CEA, were reviewed;684 were performed for carotid referable symptoms. Symptomatic patients showed higher perioperative stroke/death risks (3.5% vs 1.9%, p=0.034) and lower 72-months survival (74% vs 82%, p=0.0001) or freedom from late stroke (93% vs 97%, p=0.002) than asymptomatic patients with similar differences detected within CEA or CAS procedure. When only the group of 949 youngsters (≤70y) was analyzed, symptomatic and asymptomatic patients shared similar low perioperative stroke/death risks: 2.1% vs 1.3%, p=0.39. For young symptomatic patients, perioperative stroke/death risk was comparably low in CAS and CEA: 1.8% vs 1.2%. At 72 months, survival (98% vs 97%, p=0.49) and freedom from stroke (89% vs 89%, p=0.33) rates were similarly high in symptomatic and asymptomatic young patients. Comparable risks between the symptomatic and asymptomatic youngsters were found after each CAS (perioperative stroke/death: p=0.64; survival: p=0.10; late stroke: p=0.50) and CEA (perioperative stroke/death: p=0.49; survival: p=0.91; late stroke: p=0.64) procedure. Higher perioperative and late risks were confirmed for symptomatic patients in the elderly (>70y) subgroup (n=1247) regardless of the procedure. Conclusions: Outcomes following carotid revascularization are related to patient age. For younger ages (≤70years) symptomatic and asymptomatic patients may share similarly low perioperative and late risks of stroke and death after carotid revascularization whichever the procedure applied.

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CLINICALAND ELECTROPHYSIOLOGICAL STUDY OF THE PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM IN THE ELDERLY PEOPLE IN DARBHANGA

10.36106/ijsr/6137832 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 19-21

Author(s):

Nutan Bala ◽

Priyanka Priyanka ◽

Sheela Kumari ◽

Debarshi Jana

Keyword(s):

Nervous System ◽

Peripheral Nervous System ◽

Linear Models ◽

Electrophysiological Study ◽

The Elderly ◽

Elderly Subjects ◽

Neurophysiological Studies ◽

Age Dependent ◽

Young Subjects ◽

Effect Of Age

The effect of age on the peripheral nervous system was investigated by clinical examination and neurophysiological studies in 59 subjects aged 60- 103 years and 23 young subjects. Afull laboratory screen for factors which, though clinically silent, may constitute risk factors (RFs) for peripheral neuropathy was also performed in the elderly subjects. Our ndings show that the presence of RFs affects exceptionally the electrophysiological parameters in a statistically signicant way. The age-dependent changes in nerve conduction parameters were well predicted by non-linear models. The simultaneous electromyographical study demonstrates the re-innervation capacity of the motor system

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Treatment considerations for head and neck cancer in the elderly

The Journal of Laryngology & Otology ◽

10.1258/0022215053561521 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 119 (3) ◽

pp. 169-174 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Eric M Genden ◽

Alessandra Rinaldo ◽

Ashok R Shaha ◽

Gary L Clayman ◽

Jochen A Werner ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Head And Neck Cancer ◽

Head And Neck ◽

Neck Cancer ◽

Geriatric Patients ◽

The Elderly ◽

Comorbid Conditions ◽

Physician Participation ◽

Treatment Considerations ◽

Effect Of Age

As life expectancy increases, surgeons can expect an increasing number of geriatric patients. In turn, the number of elderly patients presenting with head and neck cancer is likely to increase. Management of this subpopulation has become a source of debate because there is a paucity of randomized data regarding the effect of age on treatment response and morbidity associated with the treatment of head and neck cancer. The management of head and neck cancer in the elderly depends on the patient’s age and general condition, the stage of disease, the effects of treatment on quality of life (such as speech and swallowing), patient and family wishes, and active physician participation in continued care. Elderly patient’s comorbid conditions need appropriate attention especially if surgery is to be undertaken. The aim of this review is to examine the current literature in an attempt to develop an approach to the treatment of the elderly patient with head and neck cancer and to define the pertinent issues that require further study.

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Assessment of Cognitively Stimulating Activity in a Spanish Population

Assessment ◽

10.1177/1073191118774620 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 27 (6) ◽

pp. 1310-1319 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Manuel Morales Ortiz ◽

Aaron Fernández

Keyword(s):

Structural Equation ◽

Older Persons ◽

Structural Equation Models ◽

Theoretical Models ◽

Well Being ◽

The Elderly ◽

Hierarchical Regression ◽

Active Ageing ◽

Age Related ◽

Effect Of Age

Theoretical models of active ageing and cognitive reserve emphasize the importance of leading an active life to delay age-related cognitive deterioration and maintain good levels of well-being and personal satisfaction in the elderly. The objective of this research was to construct a scale to measure cognitively stimulating activities (CSA) in the Spanish language. The sample consisted of a total of 453 older persons. The scale was constructed from a list of 28 items and validated using structural equation models. The scale obtained showed a negative correlation with age and a positive correlation with education and physical activity. Using hierarchical regression models, CSAs were found to have a significant effect on attention when controlling for the effect of age and education. Likewise, a significant interaction between age and CSA was found on the measure of episodic memory. The validated CSA scale will enable the relationships between changes in cognitive functions and stimulating activities to be studied.

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Manic syndromes in old age

10.1093/med/9780199644957.003.0044 ◽

2013 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Akshya Vasudev

Keyword(s):

Bipolar Disorder ◽

Clinical Presentation ◽

Age Of Onset ◽

Late Onset ◽

Epidemiological Data ◽

The Elderly ◽

Published Data ◽

Management Options ◽

Pharmacological Management ◽

Heterogenous Group

Manic syndromes in the elderly are different from those seen in the younger bipolar population. They are a heterogenous group but can probably be divided into two main groups based on age of onset of the illness: late onset bipolar disorder (LOB) and early onset bipolar disorder (EOB). This chapter elaborates on differences in these two groups based on epidemiological data findings, clinical presentation, aetiopathogenesis and management. Latest concepts with regards to the vascular mania hypothesis, neuroimaging findings, cognitive impairment in bipolar disorder are also dealt with. A critical review of pharmacological management options is also provided with reference to recently published data on mood stabilisers, antipsychotic and antidepressant usage for this age group.

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TRANSCRIPTOME ALTERATIONS ASSOCIATED WITH AGE-RELATED DECLINE IN PHYSICAL FUNCTION.

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igz038.3199 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. S872-S872

Author(s):

Ted G Graber ◽

Rosario Marota ◽

Jill Thompson ◽

Steve Widen ◽

Blake Rasmussen

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Physical Function ◽

Wheel Running ◽

Functional Decline ◽

The Elderly ◽

Running Activity ◽

Age Related ◽

Ongoing Work ◽

Wheel Running Activity ◽

Effect Of Age

Abstract One inevitable consequence of the effect of age on our bodies is the graduated deterioration of physical function and exercise capacity, driven, in part by the adverse effect of age on muscle tissue. Our primary purpose was to determine the relationship between patterns of gene expression in skeletal muscle and loss of physical function. We hypothesized that some genes that change expression with age would correlate with functional decline, or conversely with preservation of function. Male C57Bl/6 mice [adults (6-7 months old, n=9), older (24-25 months old, n=9), and elderly (28+ months of age, n=9) were tested for physical ability using a comprehensive functional assessment battery [CFAB, a composite scoring system: comprised of the rotarod (overall motor function), grip strength (fore-limb strength), inverted cling (4-limb strength/endurance), voluntary wheel running (activity rate/volitional exercise), and treadmill tests (endurance)]. We extracted RNA from the tibialis anterior muscles, ran RNAseq to examine the transcriptome using an Illumina NextSeq 550, comparing adults (n=7) to older (n=7) and elderly mice (n=9). Age resulted in gene expression differences of 1.5 log2 fold change or greater (p<0.01) in 46 genes in the older mice and in 252 genes in the elderly (both compared to adults). Current ongoing work is examining the physiological relevance of these genes to age-related loss of physical function. We are in the process of using linear regression to determine which of the genes with age-related changes in expression are associated (R>0.5 and p<0.05) with functional status as measured by CFAB.

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Ultrastructure in Transthyretin Amyloidosis: From Pathophysiology to Therapeutic Insights

Biomedicines ◽

10.3390/biomedicines7010011 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 11 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Haruki Koike ◽

Masahisa Katsuno

Keyword(s):

Elderly Population ◽

Amyloid Fibrils ◽

Age Of Onset ◽

Therapeutic Option ◽

The Elderly ◽

Organ Damage ◽

Phase Iii ◽

Wild Type ◽

Electron Microscopic ◽

Transthyretin Amyloidosis

Transthyretin (TTR) amyloidosis is caused by systemic deposition of wild-type or variant amyloidogenic TTR (ATTRwt and ATTRv, respectively). ATTRwt amyloidosis has traditionally been termed senile systemic amyloidosis, while ATTRv amyloidosis has been called familial amyloid polyneuropathy. Although ATTRwt amyloidosis has classically been regarded as one of the causes of cardiomyopathy occurring in the elderly population, recent developments in diagnostic techniques have significantly expanded the concept of this disease. For example, this disease is now considered an important cause of carpal tunnel syndrome in the elderly population. The phenotypes of ATTRv amyloidosis also vary depending on the mutation and age of onset. Peripheral neuropathy usually predominates in patients from the conventional endemic foci, while cardiomyopathy or oculoleptomeningeal involvement may also become major problems in other patients. Electron microscopic studies indicate that the direct impact of amyloid fibrils on surrounding tissues leads to organ damage, whereas accumulating evidence suggests that nonfibrillar TTR, such as oligomeric TTR, is toxic, inducing neurodegeneration. Microangiopathy has been suggested to act as an initial lesion, increasing the leakage of circulating TTR. Regarding treatments, the efficacy of liver transplantation has been established for ATTRv amyloidosis patients, particularly patients with early-onset amyloidosis. Recent phase III clinical trials have shown the efficacy of TTR stabilizers, such as tafamidis and diflunisal, for both ATTRwt and ATTRv amyloidosis patients. In addition, a short interfering RNA (siRNA), patisiran, and an antisense oligonucleotide (ASO), inotersen, have been shown to be effective for ATTRv amyloidosis patients. Given their ability to significantly reduce the production of both wild-type and variant TTR in the liver, these gene-silencing drugs seem to be the optimal therapeutic option for ATTR amyloidosis. Hence, the long-term efficacy and tolerability of novel therapies, particularly siRNA and ASO, must be determined to establish an appropriate treatment program.

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