Biodegradable green composite film developed from Moringa Oleifera (Sahajana) seed filler and PVA: Surface functionalization, characterization and barrier properties

2021 ◽  
pp. 089270572110075
Author(s):  
Kajal Mishra ◽  
Shishir Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Composite Film ◽  
Surface Functionalization ◽  
Composite Films ◽  
Water Vapor Permeability ◽  
Barrier Properties ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
Green Composite ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force

The present work focuses on surface functionalization, characterization, biodegradability and barrier properties of MOSF as a practicable reinforcement in PVA matrix. Film-forming dispersions at different concentrations of alkali and acid treatments were casted at room temperature. The effect of surface modifications on the developed film’s compositional, physical, mechanical, biodegradability and barrier properties were analyzed. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Atomic force microscopy (AFM) were used to describe the functional composition, formation and surface morphology of the film. The 5% acid treated film significantly increases the tensile strength (33.69 MPa) and flexural strength (56.612 MPa), which was close to the frequently used LDPE and HDPE package films. Composite films were moisture absorptive but simultaneously capable to maintain uniformity and composition upon modifications. Lower water vapor permeability (1.42 × 10−10gs−1 m−1 Pa−1), eminent biodegradability proved the suitability of composite film for various packaging applications.

Mechanical and Water Barrier Properties of Zein–Corn Starch Composite Films as Affected by Gallic Acid Treatment

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 773-781 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kingsley Masamba ◽  
Yue Li ◽  
Hafiz Rizwan Sharif ◽  
Jianguo Ma ◽  
Fang Zhong
Keyword(s):  
Composite Film ◽  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Acid Treatment ◽  
Corn Starch ◽  
Composite Films ◽  
Water Vapor Permeability ◽  
Barrier Properties ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
Water Barrier ◽  
Film Forming

Abstract The effect of gallic acid treatment on mechanical and water barrier properties in zein and zein–corn starch composite films was investigated. Four concentrations of corn starch (5 %, 10 %, 15 %, 20 %) were used in composite films making a final solid concentration of 6 % (w/v) in the film forming solution. One composite film containing 10 % corn starch was also prepared in absence of gallic acid for comparison purpose. Gallic acid treatment improved tensile strength (TS) and water vapor permeability (WVP) while solubility was increased in control zein films. On the other hand, gallic acid treatment significantly (p < 0.05) reduced TS and increased WVP in zein–corn starch composite films. Interestingly, mechanical and water barrier properties of composite films prepared in absence of gallic acid were comparatively better than gallic acid treated composite films. These findings provided useful insights in how each individual hydrocolloid in the composite film was differently affected by gallic acid treatment.

scholarly journals Preparation and Characterization of Chinese Leek Extract Incorporated Cellulose Composite Films

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiying Zeng ◽  
Naiyu Xiao ◽  
Xueqin Zhang ◽  
Wenhan Luo ◽  
Gengshen Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Composite Films ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Water Vapor Permeability ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Biocomposite Films ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Biocomposite Film

This study aimed to prepare microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) films with good mechanical properties via plasticization using a Chinese leek (CL, Allium tuberosum) extract. The microstructure, crystal structure, mechanical properties, barrier ability, and thermal properties of the films were investigated. The chemical structure analysis of CL extract showed the existence of cellulose, lignin, and low-molecular-weight substances, such as polysaccharides, pectins, and waxes, which could act as plasticizers to enhance the properties of MCC:CL biocomposite films. The results of scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy analyses indicated the good compatibility between MCC and CL extract. When the volume ratio of MCC:CL was 7:3, the MCC:CL biocomposite film exhibited the best comprehensive performance in terms of water vapor permeability (2.11 × 10–10 g/m·s·Pa), elongation at break (13.2 ± 1.8%), and tensile strength (24.7 ± 2.5 MPa). The results of a UV absorption analysis demonstrated that the addition of CL extract improved the UV-shielding performance of the films. Therefore, this work not only proposes a facile method to prepare MCC films with excellent mechanical properties via plasticization using CL extract but also broadens the potential applications of MCC films in the packaging area.

scholarly journals Preparation, Properties and Mechanism of Anionic and Cationic CNC/WPU Composite Films

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya-Yu Li ◽  
Yan-Ru Bai ◽  
Xin-Qian Zhang ◽  
Xin Liu ◽  
Zhen Dai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Composite Film ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Composite Films ◽  
Interaction Mechanism ◽  
Water Vapor Permeability ◽  
Waterborne Polyurethane ◽  
Barrier Properties ◽  
Nanocomposite Films ◽  
Light Transmittance ◽  
Vapor Permeability

Abstract Three kinds of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) were added into waterborne polyurethane (WPU), and nanocomposite films were prepared by solution casting method. The influence of different ionic function groups on microstructure and properties of composite films was investigated, and interaction mechanism between these two components was analyzed. Results show that thermal stability of these composite films are improved by 15℃. Compared with sulfated CNCs （SCNCs） and TEMPO oxidized CNCs (TOCNCs), FE-SEM results prove that cationized CNCs (CaCNCs) have better dispersion in composite films. In addition, fracture surface did not display large cavities, which indicates the interface binding force between WPU and CaCNCs is stronger. The tensile strength and fracture work of CaCNC/WPU composite film increase by 11.9% and by 8.4%, respectively. The oxygen permeability of CaCNC/WPU composite film is the lowest in these composite films, which is 5.00 cm3•cm (cm2•s•Pa)-1. Water vapor permeability of composite films may have a close positive correlation with their hygroscopicity. In all, composite film with CaCNCs has optimal strength, toughness, light transmittance and oxygen barrier properties. There may be opposite ion attraction superimposed hydrogen bond between CaCNCs and WPU in the composite film. The composite films are expected to have applications in food packaging, furniture coatings and biomedical applications.

Preparation and Characterization of Soy Protein Isolate Films Incorporating Modified Nano-TiO2

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuanyuan Liu ◽  
Lina Xu ◽  
Rui Li ◽  
Huangjiang Zhang ◽  
Wenhui Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soy Protein ◽  
Soy Protein Isolate ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Water Vapor Permeability ◽  
Barrier Properties ◽  
Protein Isolate ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Nano Titanium Dioxide

AbstractAntimicrobial films were prepared by incorporating nano-titanium dioxide (TiO2) modified by silane into soy protein isolate (SPI) films. The effects of different concentrations of modified nano-TiO2 (TiO2-NM) on the physical properties, antimicrobial properties, and microstructure of the SPI-based films were investigated. Attenuated total reflectance Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy indicated that the interaction between the SPI and TiO2-NM was via hydrogen bonds. Scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy both showed that the microstructure of SPI-based films with TiO2-NM was compact. Moreover, as the content of TiO2-NM increased from 0 to 1.5 g/100 mL, the water vapor permeability and oxygen permeability were decreased from 5.43 to 4.62 g· mm/m2d· kPa and 0.470 to 0.110 g· cm−2· d−1, respectively. An increase from 6.67 MPa to 14.56 MPa in tensile strength and a decrease from 36.53% to 27.62% in elongation at break indicate the optimal mechanical properties of all groups. TiO2-NM films had excellent UV barrier properties, with a whiter surface with increasing TiO2-NM content. In addition, the SPI-based films with TiO2-NM showed antimicrobial activity, as evidenced by an inhibitory zone increasing from 0 to 27.34 mm. Therefore, TiO2-NM can be used as an antimicrobial agent in packaging films.

scholarly journals Amazonian tuber starch based films incorporated with silver nanoparticles for preservation of fruits

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. e23510615304
Author(s):  
Larissa Svetlana Cavalcante Silva ◽  
Salomão Rocha Martim ◽  
Dib Mady Diniz Gomes ◽  
Fabiano Brito Prado ◽  
Nélly Mara Vinhote Marinho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Water Vapor Permeability ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Natural Polymers ◽  
Average Roughness ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force

Films and coatings based on natural polymers are used to conserve nutritional quality of fruits, vegetables and also delay their ripening. The purpose of this study was to develop films with starch extracted from Dioscorea altissima Lam. (dunguey) incorporated with silver nanoparticles for coating and preserving fruits. The films obtained by cast were characterized visually, by Scanning Electron Microscope, by Atomic Force Microscopy, by X-Ray Diffraction and by Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy. Antimicrobial activity and technological properties were also evaluated. The coating of camu-camu fruits [Myrciaria dubia (Kunth) McVaugh] was carried out by immersing them in the filmogenic solution, followed by their physicochemical and microbiological analysis. The films with silver nanoparticles showed transparency, flexibility, spherical clusters and a higher average roughness. A reduction in thickness, solubility and water vapor permeability was also observed. Antimicrobial action against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli was proved as well. The fruits coated with films exhibited delay in ripening, with maintenance of quality and longevity. Uncoated fruits showed greater wilting and wrinkling. The starch film incorporated with silver nanoparticles was effective for preserving camu-camu fruit.

Preparation and Characterization of Nanoparticle Reinforced Polyactides Composite

2013 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 7-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yern Chee Ching ◽  
Y. Yahya Rosiyah ◽  
Garlie Li
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Composite Film ◽  
Tensile Elongation ◽  
Composite Films ◽  
Water Vapor Permeability ◽  
Barrier Properties ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
Nanoclay Content ◽  
Thermal Analysis Result

Polylactides (PLA) based composite films modified with nanoclay content ranges from 0-30 wt% were fabricated using solvent casting method and the mechanical properties, water vapor permeability, oxygen barrier, thermal stability and optical properties were studied. The study showed that the addition of up to 15 wt% of clay has caused a significant improvement of tensile strength of the PLA/nanoclay composite film. However, the further increasing of nanoclay content of >15 wt% of nanoclay has caused a significant reduction in tensile, elongation at break and optical properties of PLA matrix. Both the oxygen and water permeability of the PLA/nanoclay composite film decrease with the increasing of nanoclay contents. Greater water barrier properties would be achieved if the high nanoclay contents of 10-30 wt% were dispersed homogenous within the PLA matrix. The addition of nanoclay greater than 10 wt% affected the appearance of the film (i.e. increasing the haze and ΔE). Thermal analysis result has proved that the melting temperature, crystallization temperature and glass transition temperature of the composite film only slightly affected by the addition of nanoclay due to the immobilization polymer chain in the composite film.

Preparation and Characterization of Nano Particle Reinforced Polyactides Composite

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 128-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ching Yern Chee ◽  
Y. Yahya Rosiyah ◽  
Garlie Li
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Composite Film ◽  
Tensile Elongation ◽  
Composite Films ◽  
Water Vapor Permeability ◽  
Barrier Properties ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
Nanoclay Content ◽  
Thermal Analysis Result

Polylactides (PLA) based composite films modified with nanoclay content ranges from 0-30 wt% were fabricated using solvent casting method and the mechanical properties, water vapor permeability, oxygen barrier, thermal stability and optical properties were studied. The study showed that the addition of up to 15 wt% of clay has caused a significant improvement of tensile strength of the PLA/nanoclay composite film. However, the further increasing of nanoclay content of >15 wt% of nanoclay has caused a significant reduction in tensile, elongation at break and optical properties of PLA matrix. Both the oxygen and water permeability of the PLA/nanoclay composite film decrease with the increasing of nanoclay contents. Greater water barrier properties would be achieved if the high nanoclay contents of 10-30 wt% were dispersed homogenous within the PLA matrix. The addition of nanoclay greater than 10 wt% affected the appearance of the film (i.e. increasing the haze and ΔE). Thermal analysis result has proved that the melting temperature, crystallization temperature and glass transition temperature of the composite film only slightly affected by the addition of nanoclay due to the immobilization polymer chain in the composite film.

scholarly journals TiO2-KH550 Nanoparticle Reinforced PVA/Xylan Composite Films with Multifunctional Properties

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinxin Liu ◽  
Xiaofeng Chen ◽  
Junli Ren ◽  
Chunhui Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Water Vapor ◽  
Composite Film ◽  
Oxygen Permeability ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Composite Films ◽  
Water Vapor Permeability ◽  
Barrier Properties ◽  
Vapor Permeability

In order to improve the strength of PVA/xylan composite films and endow them with ultraviolet (UV) shielding ability, TiO2-KH550 nanoparticle was synthesized and added into the PVA/xylan matrix. The TiO2-KH550 nanoparticle dispersed well in the 0.04% sodium hexametaphosphate (SHMP) solution under ultrasonic and stirring treatments. Investigations on the properties of films showed that TiO2-KH550 had the positive impact on improving the strength, moisture and oxygen barrier properties of the composite films. The maximum tensile strength (27.3 MPa), the minimum water vapor permeability (2.75&times;10-11 g&bull;m-1&bull;s-1&bull;Pa-1) and oxygen permeability (4.013 cm3&bull;m-2&bull;24h-1&bull;0.1MPa-1) were obtained under the addition of 1.5% TiO2-KH550. The tensile strength of TiO2-KH550 reinforced composite film was increased by 70% than that of the pure PVA/xylan composite film, and the water vapor and oxygen permeability were decreased by 31% and 41%, respectively. Moreover, the UV transmittance of film at the wavelength of 400 nm was almost zero when adding 1.5~2.5% of TiO2-KH550, which indicated the PVA/xylan composite films were endowed with excellent UV light shielding ability.

Fabrication of Composite Films Based on Chitosan and Vegetable-Tanned Collagen Fibers Crosslinked with Genipin

2021 ◽  
Vol 116 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Liu ◽  
Yanchun Liu ◽  
Eleanor M. Brown ◽  
Zhengxin Ma ◽  
Cheng-Kung Liu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Water Vapor ◽  
Composite Film ◽  
Composite Films ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Water Vapor Permeability ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
Leather Industry ◽  
Compact Structure

The leather industry generates considerable amounts of solid waste and raises many environmental concerns during its disposal. The presence of collagen in these wastes provides a potential protein source for the fabrication of bio-based value-added products. Herein, a novel composite film was fabricated by incorporating vegetable-tanned collagen fiber (VCF), a mechanically ground powder-like leather waste, into a chitosan matrix and crosslinked with genipin. The obtained composite film showed a compact structure and the hydrogen bonding interactions were confirmed by FTIR analysis, indicating a good compatibility between chitosan and VCF. The optical properties, water absorption capacity, thermal stability, water vapor permeability and mechanical properties of the composite films were characterized. The incorporation of VCF into chitosan led to significant decreases in opacity and solubility of the films. At the same time, the mechanical properties, water vapor permeability and thermal stability of the films were improved. The composite film exhibited antibacterial activity against food-borne pathogens. Results from this research indicated the potential of the genipin-crosslinked chitosan/VCF composites for applications in antimicrobial packaging. 

scholarly journals Packaging Composite Films Fabricated from Cellulose Pulp with Polyurethane and Curcumin by Using NMMO ionic Liquid Solvent

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaehyun Jo ◽  
Sam Soo Kim ◽  
Srinivasan Ramalingam ◽  
Prabakaran D. S ◽  
Balasubramanian Rukmanikrishnan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Composite Films ◽  
Water Vapor Permeability ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Barrier Properties ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
Visual Appearance ◽  
Cellulose Pulp ◽  
Cost Effective Method ◽  
Uv Transmittance

Abstract Cellulose pulp (CP), polyurethane (PU), and curcumin-based biocompatible composite films were prepared using a simple cost-effective method. These materials dissolved well in the ionic liquid solvent N-methylmorpholine N-oxide. Significant structural and microstructural changes were observed in CP upon the addition of PU. These changes were studied using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy. The 5% and 10% gravimetric losses of the CP/PU/curcumin composite were found to be in the range 87.2–182.3 ºC and 166.7–249.8 ºC, respectively. The addition of PU significantly improved the thermal stability and water barrier properties of the composites. All the composites exhibited single Tg values in the range 147.4–154.2 ºC. The tensile strength of CP was measured to be 93.2 MPa, which dropped to 14.1 MPa for the 1:0.5 CP/PU composite and then steadily increased to 30.5 MPa with further addition of PU. The elongation at break of the composites decreased from 8.1 to 3.7% with the addition of PU. The addition of PU also improved the water vapor permeability (3.96 ×10–9 to 1.75 ×10–9 g m–1 s–1 Pa–1) and swelling ratio (285 to 202%) of the CP composite films. The CP/PU/curcumin composite exhibited good antioxidant activity and no cytotoxicity when tested on the HaCat cell line. The visual appearance and UV transmittance (86.2–32.9% at 600 nm) of the CP composite films were significantly altered by the incorporation of PU and curcumin. This study demonstrates that CP/PU/curcumin composites can be used for various packaging and biomedical applications.

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