Do Smart Cities Invest in Smarter Policies? Learning From the Past, Planning for the Future

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 657-672 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Caragliu ◽  
Chiara F. Del Bo
Keyword(s):  
Smart City ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Empirical Relationship ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Empirical Results ◽  
Real Effects ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Relationship

Research on Smart Cities has come of age. Intense discussion on this topic has been ongoing for years, and the academic prominence of this concept has also engendered several policy initiatives inspired by this label at different administrative levels. However, to date, no large-scale evaluation of the relationship between urban smartness and smart urban policies has been attempted. This article aims at filling this gap. By building on a solid definition of Smart Cities, the article tests the empirical relationship between urban smartness and the intensity of Smart City policies. A novel data set on four different types of policies and smart urban characteristics is assembled for 314 European Union cities. Empirical results suggest that Smart City policies are more likely to be designed and implemented in cities that are already endowed with smart characteristics. Our findings also point to a higher probability that Smart City policies are implemented in denser and wealthier urban areas. These empirical results call for further research on the real effects of actual implemented Smart City policies, with the aim to verify the potential of this policy concept as an overall urban development model encompassing the main drivers of endogenous urban growth.

scholarly journals CitySpeed: A Crowdsensing-Based Integrated Platform for General-Purpose Monitoring of Vehicular Speeds in Smart Cities

Smart Cities ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Costa ◽  
Adson Damasceno ◽  
Ivanovitch Silva
Keyword(s):  
Smart City ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Software Application ◽  
Management Actions ◽  
Modern Cities ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Search Filters

The development of crowdsensing-based technologies has allowed for the use of smartphones in large-scale data collection for different scopes of applications, mostly in a transparent and ubiquitous way. When concerning urban areas and smart city initiatives, the collection and further analysis of information about the highest number of vehicles is of paramount importance, potentially supporting more efficient mobility planning and management actions in modern cities. In this context, this article proposes a public general-purpose platform for acquisition and visualization of vehicular speeds, which can then be exploited by any additional application. For that, a crowdsensing-based mobile software application was developed to collect instantaneous speeds provided by smartphone GPS, formatting and distributing this information to a database system. Such historical data can then be exported or visualized through a web-based comprehensive interface, which provides valuable data when planning traffic mobility in cities; for example, indicating areas with heavier traffic over a certain time period. Therefore, allowing the use of many different search filters and supporting data delivery in the JSON format, the CitySpeed platform can provide services not supported by popular applications, such as Waze and Google Maps, and potentially assist smart city initiatives in this area.

scholarly journals The functioning of smart city in the context of global city rankings

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (146) ◽  
pp. 413-425
Author(s):  
Barbara ROŻAŁOWSKA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Smart City ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Operational Definition ◽  
Quality Of Living ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
City Rankings

Purpose: This paper raises theoretical issues related to the functioning of cities that are determined as smart in order to find a better operational definition for further research. Design/methodology/approach: In search of the essence of the term, the paper refers to variety of definitions of smart city, and also to the theoretical models in operation enabling the measurement and comparison of indicators among urban areas in the different world locations. The analysis was performed on three rankings: Cities in Motion Index, Mercer Quality of Living, Arcadis The Sustainable Index. Findings: The conclusions indicate that the Smart City concept is connected with sustainable development more than to the quality of life. The city rankings concerning the highest life quality is completely different from the hierarchy of smart cities. Originality/value: The paper extends the definition of smart city and it may be valuable for researchers who develop the concept of smart city in their research.

A Study of Key Attributes Accountable for Development of a Smart City Projects & Factors Impacting its Implementation in India

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Shubhangi Sandeep Tambe
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Basic Question ◽  
Political Will ◽  
The World ◽  
The Government ◽  
Will Power

he concept of Smart Cities was first thought of by IBM in 2008 when world was facing its worst economic crisis. Then it was taken up by various countries around the world. The main objective here is to build and promote the cities which will provide the core infrastructure and provide the decent quality of life along with a clean and long-lasting environment which will be supported by smart technologies & solutions. Though smart city concepts are very new to India, where technology is mostly used in urban cities. So, in such a scenario one may ask a very basic question that “How a city can be made Smart?”. So, if we look around and see what are the things that some smart cities around the world are doing differently, then we may notice that they have addressed basic issues faced by any metropolitan city in a smarter way possible. For instance, we can see that the already developed smart city projects have addressed transportation, energy, crime, water management & other issues using current technologies & applications. If we leave aside the technology gap between rural & urban India, it is certain that Urban areas are already in need of Smart City Projects because of Population. But again, this needs a strong political will power to take quick decisions and aligned with technological advances such as E governance, online tendering of the government work which will be transparent and efficient. but often it is misunderstood that use of IT in administration and governance is the only meaning of Smart City Projects, but in fact if you are able to achieve all the issues such as administration, governance, transportation, water management, energy supplies, waste management, water treatments plants, meaningful use of public private partnerships in managing transportations and road constructions and evening installations of solar panels and LED bulbs across city. So basically, there are many factors contributing to create a smart city. The main factor which will drive this kind of ambitious projects are political will powers of government, without a political will power it is very difficult to complete the bigger projects. As there is lot on stake for such a large-scale project which will easily span over next decade.

scholarly journals Smart Cities - New Urban Areas

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (Suppl.1) ◽  
pp. 914-917
Author(s):  
Petar Marinov
Keyword(s):  
Smart City ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Global Network ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Urbanized Areas ◽  
Administrative Governance ◽  
Definition Of

According to forecasts provided by the UN by 2050, approximately 70% of the world's population will live in cities. In digital terms, urban areas will have 6.5 billion inhabitants, compared to 3.5 billion people in 2010. In recent years, the terminology that attempts to describe the “Smart City” has become more and more pronounced. Intelligent technologies, the development of the Internet system - as a global network for all kinds of communications and a range of other innovations - provide opportunities for the development of a smart urban environment in this direction. Improving the quality of life of a much larger number of inhabitants in urbanized areas will be a priority by applying to a great extent the new technologies. Concentration and movement of the population's needs in all forms will be the subject of intelligent technologies that support life in cities. Till now there is no precise definition of "Smart City". Improving the way of life in urbanized areas at this stage, as a key element emerging the introduction of new technologies. Challenges will be based on several areas - ecology, social and economic activities, administrative governance, infrastructure development and social mobility.

scholarly journals Associating State of Water and Sanitation with Childhood diarrhoea: Anomalies and Contradictions

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bevin Vijayan ◽  
Udaya Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Hand Washing ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Childhood Diarrhoea ◽  
Empirical Verification ◽  
Indian Context ◽  
State Of Water ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Spurious Results

AbstractInformation on safe water, sanitation and hand washing obtained in large scale surveys are used to validate its responsiveness to childhood ailments. Definition of these variables are uniform to enable comparison within and across countries and devoid of the context and circumstance. Associating these variables with prevalence of diarrhoea overlooking the context seem to distort the relationship and lead to spurious results. An empirical verification of such an association in an Indian context based on the most recently conducted NFHS-4 data set brings to the fore apparent contradictions that cautions on the use of these variables as they are obtained. It calls for a redefinition of these variables prior to verifying their responsiveness to childhood diarrhoea as illustrated here.

scholarly journals Tendencies of Technologies and Platforms in Smart Cities: A State-of-the-Art Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Chamoso ◽  
Alfonso González-Briones ◽  
Sara Rodríguez ◽  
Juan M. Corchado
Keyword(s):  
Smart City ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Smart Systems ◽  
Definition Of

Technology is starting to play a key role in cities’ urban sustainability plans. This is because new technologies can provide them with robust solutions that are of benefit to citizens. Cities aim to incorporate smart systems in their industrial, infrastructural, educational, and social activities. A Smart City is managed with intelligent technologies which allow improving the quality of the services offered to citizens and make all processes more efficient. However, the Smart City concept is fairly recent. The ideas that it encompasses have not yet been consolidated due to the large number of fields and technologies that fit under this concept. All of this led to confusion about the definition of a Smart City and this is evident in the literature. This article explores the literature that addresses the topic of Smart Cities; a comprehensive analysis of the concept and existing platforms is performed. We gain a clear understanding of the services that a Smart City must provide, the technology it should employ for the development of these services, and the scope that this concept covers. Moreover, the shortcomings and needs of Smart Cities are identified and a model for designing a Smart City architecture is proposed. In addition, three case studies have been proposed: the first is a simulator to study the implementation of various services and technologies, the second case study to manage incidents that occur in a Smart City, and the third case study to monitor the deployment of large-scale sensors in a Smart City.

scholarly journals Ingenious Techniques for Creation of Smart Cities by Big Data Technology & Urban Modelling Simulation by Matsim

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 1922-1927
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Distributed Data ◽  
Spatially Distributed ◽  
Urban Modelling ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
Big Data Technology

Ingenious Techniques for creation of Smart Cities by Big Data Technology & Urban modeling simulation by MATSimas the smart cities are on nascent stage in India. The extension of huge information and the advancement of Internet of Things (IoT) innovations have assumed a significant job in the practicality of keen city activities. Enormous information offer the potential for urban areas to get significant bits of knowledge from a lot of information gathered through different sources, and the IoT permits the joining of sensors, radiofrequency recognizable proof, and Bluetooth in reality condition utilizing exceedingly organized administrations. Thus the job of urban reenactment models and their perception are utilized to help territorial arranging offices assess elective transportation ventures, land use guidelines, and natural insurance arrangements. Typical urban simulations provide spatially distributed data about number of inhabitants, land prices, traffic, and other variables for ex- MATSim is an activity-based transport simulation framework designed to simulate large scale scenarios. Such technologies which have been developed in the past few years have proven to be very effective in smart cities of various countries. This project is an attempt to study the feasibility of such modified system, by understanding the implementation of such technologies to improve the existing smart cities and those which are about to become one. This is done by proposing an idea that is by implementing a big data server in the proposed smart city, the data will be collected through smart sensors which will then be sent to server and the mined data will be converted to simplified data for planners, engineers etc. in order to make a economic, self-sustainable & fully automated smart city

scholarly journals Challenges and Barriers for Net‐Zero/Positive Energy Buildings and Districts—Empirical Evidence from the Smart City Project SPARCS

Buildings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 78
Author(s):  
Daria Uspenskaia ◽  
Karl Specht ◽  
Hendrik Kondziella ◽  
Thomas Bruckner
Keyword(s):  
Smart City ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
Positive Energy ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Net Zero ◽  
Multidimensional Representation

Without decarbonizing cities energy and climate objectives cannot be achieved as cities account for approximately two thirds of energy consumption and emissions. This goal of decarbonizing cities has to be facilitated by promoting net-zero/positive energy buildings and districts and replicating them, driving cities towards sustainability goals. Many projects in smart cities demonstrate novel and groundbreaking low-carbon solutions in demonstration and lighthouse projects. However, as the historical, geographic, political, social and economic context of urban areas vary greatly, it is not always easy to repeat the solution in another city or even district. It is therefore important to look for the opportunities to scale up or repeat successful pilots. The purpose of this paper is to explore common trends in technologies and replication strategies for positive energy buildings or districts in smart city projects, based on the practical experience from a case study in Leipzig—one of the lighthouse cities in the project SPARCS. One of the key findings the paper has proven is the necessity of a profound replication modelling to deepen the understanding of upscaling processes. Three models analyzed in this article are able to provide a multidimensional representation of the solution to be replicated.

scholarly journals Vehicular Crowdsourcing for Congestion Support in Smart Cities

Smart Cities ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 662-685
Author(s):  
Stephan Olariu
Keyword(s):  
Smart City ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Traffic Signal Control ◽  
Signal Timing ◽  
Adaptive Traffic Signal Control ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
Direct Benefits ◽  
Traffic Signal Control Systems ◽  
Computational Resources

Under present-day practices, the vehicles on our roadways and city streets are mere spectators that witness traffic-related events without being able to participate in the mitigation of their effect. This paper lays the theoretical foundations of a framework for harnessing the on-board computational resources in vehicles stuck in urban congestion in order to assist transportation agencies with preventing or dissipating congestion through large-scale signal re-timing. Our framework is called VACCS: Vehicular Crowdsourcing for Congestion Support in Smart Cities. What makes this framework unique is that we suggest that in such situations the vehicles have the potential to cooperate with various transportation authorities to solve problems that otherwise would either take an inordinate amount of time to solve or cannot be solved for lack for adequate municipal resources. VACCS offers direct benefits to both the driving public and the Smart City. By developing timing plans that respond to current traffic conditions, overall traffic flow will improve, carbon emissions will be reduced, and economic impacts of congestion on citizens and businesses will be lessened. It is expected that drivers will be willing to donate under-utilized on-board computing resources in their vehicles to develop improved signal timing plans in return for the direct benefits of time savings and reduced fuel consumption costs. VACCS allows the Smart City to dynamically respond to traffic conditions while simultaneously reducing investments in the computational resources that would be required for traditional adaptive traffic signal control systems.

Tra ruralizzazione ed urbanizzazione: progetti integrati cittŕ-campagna

TERRITORIO ◽  
2009 ◽  
pp. 171-177
Author(s):  
Alessandra Giannini
Keyword(s):  
Urban Agriculture ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Rural Life ◽  
Rural Living ◽  
Marginal Areas ◽  
Country Life ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Relationship

- Country life is (and has been) the object of utopian visions, set against the rise of urban living. The paradigms of the myth of rural life can be traced back to Howard's Garden City and to Frank Lloyd Wright's Broadacre City. These examples of the paradigm blend into a broader and trans-disciplinary contemporary discourse on the myth of rural living. Since the end of the 1990s, the subject of the relationship between the rural and the urban has developed into plans that could be called ‘country utopias'. The system of agricultural production and the countryside is evolving today towards new forms of integration and hybridisation with urban areas. Planning practices are emerging today in the definition of the characters and traits of urban agriculture designed to create town and country interaction particularly in marginal areas, strips located on the borders between town and country. These modifications are leading to the definition of new rural figures, together with plans capable of giving new life to liminal and marginal areas between town and country by creating new models of ‘rururban' living.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document