To Work or Not to Work? Mothers of Children With ADHD

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 239-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen M. O’Brien ◽  
Elizabeth Sauber ◽  
Erica S. Merson ◽  
Andrea Chronis-Tuscano
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Career Counseling ◽  
Maternal Employment ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Buffering Hypothesis ◽  
Part Time ◽  
The Many

Mothers of children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder were studied with regard to employment status, workplace characteristics, and depressive symptoms. Self-complexity theory proposes that complex self-representations buffer against depression; however, maternal employment may challenge mothers’ ability to attend to the many needs of their children. Findings from our cross-sectional study of 176 mothers revealed that employed mothers reported fewer depressive symptoms than unemployed mothers and those employed part time, providing support for the self-complexity buffering hypothesis. Furthermore, low levels of parenting stress were associated with fewer depressive symptoms. Implications are provided for career counseling and future research.

scholarly journals Child Growth During the First 1000 Days of Life in Lebanon: Sex of the Child Matters

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 958-958
Author(s):  
Rana Chehab ◽  
Michele Forman ◽  
Lara Nasreddine
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Maternal Employment ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Child Growth ◽  
Future Research ◽  
National Council ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
American University ◽  
Nationally Representative

Abstract Objectives The study examines the relation between sociodemographic, maternal, and child characteristics and sex-specific anthropometric status of children using a hierarchical conceptual framework. Methods A cross-sectional study of a nationally representative sample of mothers and children aged ≤5 years was conducted in Lebanon. This analysis focuses on children aged 4 months-2 years (n=406) stratified by child's sex. Multiple linear regression models were fitted for length-for-age (LAZ), weight-for-age (WAZ), and weight-for-length z-scores (WLZ) applying a hierarchical conceptual framework with variables at distal, intermediate and proximal levels. Results Overall, means ± SD for LAZ, WAZ and WLZ were: −0.24 ± 1.4, 0.46 ± 1.1 and 0.75 ± 1.2 among boys and −0.08 ± 1.2, 0.41 ± 0.96 and 0.63 ± 1.0 among girls, respectively. At the distal level, maternal and paternal attainment of university degrees were respectively associated with higher LAZ (B: 0.81, 95% CI: 0.1, 1.5) and lower WLZ (B: −0.62, 95% CI: −1.2, −0.09) among boys. On the other hand, higher crowding index was associated with lower LAZ (B: −0.64, 95% CI: −1.14, −0.13) while maternal employment was associated with higher WAZ (B: 0.37, 95% CI: 0.06, 0.67) among girls. At the intermediate level, higher maternal BMI was associated with lower LAZ (B: −0.03, 95% CI: −0.06, −0.00) and higher WLZ (B: 0.03, 95% CI: 0.00, 0.06) among girls. Taller mothers were more likely to have boys and girls with higher LAZ (B: 0.06, 95% CI: 0.03, 0.09 for both) and girls with higher WAZ (B: 0.02, 95% CI: 0.00, 0.05). Among the proximal factors, longer boys and girls at birth had higher WAZ (B: 0.06, 95% CI: 0.004, 0.12 and B: 0.05, 95% CI: 0.005, 0.092, respectively). Breastfeeding for 4 months or more was associated with lower WAZ (B: −0.54, 95% CI: −0.83, −0.24) and WLZ (B: −0.33, 95% CI: −0.62, −0.03) among girls. Conclusions Differentdistal, intermediate, and proximal factors were associated with sex-specific anthropometric indicators in Lebanon. Future research should account for sex differences using similar frameworks to inform interventions to improve child growth. Funding Sources This research was funded by the Lebanese National Council for Scientific Research and the American University of Beirut Research Board.

scholarly journals Prevalence and correlates of subjective memory complaints in Vietnamese adults

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (7) ◽  
pp. 1039-1048 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oanh L. Meyer ◽  
Amanda Leggett ◽  
Siwei Liu ◽  
Ngoc H. Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Functional Health ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Subjective Memory Complaints ◽  
Subjective Memory ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Memory Complaints

ABSTRACTBackground:Low- and middle-income countries such as Vietnam are home to a majority of the world's population with dementia, yet little is known regarding how individuals in these countries perceive memory problems that might be indicative of cognitive impairment. This study examined the prevalence and correlates of subjective memory complaints (SMCs) in Vietnamese adults in Da Nang, Vietnam.Methods:A stratified sample of 600 adults (aged ≥ 55 years) living in Da Nang, Vietnam, and surrounding areas were recruited to participate in a cross-sectional study. Students and faculty from the National Technical Medical College Number 2 administered questionnaires in participants’ homes regarding socio-demographic characteristics, functional health, social support, cognitive and mental health, and SMCs. Descriptive and stepwise regression analyses examined the prevalence and correlates of SMCs.Results:Approximately 64% of the sample reported at least poor memory and 39% said that memory interfered with their daily life at least somewhat. Multivariate regression analyses (adjusted for all covariates) showed that depressive symptoms, cognitive impairment, self-rated health and pain, and material hardship were associated with SMCs.Conclusions:Prevalence of SMCs as well as depressive symptoms was high in this Vietnamese population. Although future research using more detailed measures of subjective memory and which include longitudinal data are required, the need for physicians to routinely assess Vietnamese patients for depression, SMCs, and cognitive impairment may be warranted.

Acculturative stress and coping among Korean immigrant elders residing in non-Korean ethnic enclaves

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 622-639 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie L Rhee
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Acculturative Stress ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Significant Risk Factor ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Ethnic Enclaves ◽  
Korean Immigrant ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
And Coping

Few studies that have been conducted on Korean immigrant elders have been carried out in areas without Korean ethnic enclaves due to their small numbers and proportion. This nonprobability cross-sectional study utilized a structured survey to examine the relationships of acculturative stress, coping, and depressive symptoms among 108 non-institutionalized Korean immigrant elders residing in areas without Korean ethnic enclaves. Multivariate analysis results indicated that acculturative stress might be the most significant risk factor for depressive symptoms, which could decrease coping efficacy of social support and increase somatic symptoms of Korean immigrant elders residing in non-Korean ethnic enclaves. Implications for future research, practice, and policy are discussed.

Coping Style as a Mediator of the Relationship Between Depressive Symptoms and Deliberate Self-Harm

Crisis ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 272-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allison S. Christian ◽  
Kristen M. McCabe
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Deliberate Self Harm ◽  
Self Blame ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Deliberate self-harm (DSH) occurs with high frequency among clinical and nonclinical youth populations. Although depression has been consistently linked with the behavior, not all depressed individuals engage in DSH. Aims: The current study examined maladaptive coping strategies (i.e., self-blame, distancing, and self-isolation) as mediators between depression and DSH among undergraduate students. Methods: 202 students from undergraduate psychology courses at a private university in Southern California (77.7% women) completed anonymous self-report measures. Results: A hierarchical regression model found no differences in DSH history across demographic variables. Among coping variables, self-isolation alone was significantly related to DSH. A full meditational model was supported: Depressive symptoms were significantly related to DSH, but adding self-isolation to the model rendered the relationship nonsignificant. Limitations: The cross-sectional study design prevents determination of whether a casual relation exists between self-isolation and DSH, and obscures the direction of that relationship. Conclusions: Results suggest targeting self-isolation as a means of DSH prevention and intervention among nonclinical, youth populations.

Studying and More: Part-Time Employment as an Educational Challenge?

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-63
Author(s):  
Silke Heuse ◽  
Cathrin Dietze ◽  
Daniel Fodor ◽  
Edgar Voltmer
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Future Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Professional Students ◽  
Educational Challenge ◽  
Part Time

Background: Future health-care professionals face stress both during education and in later professional life. Next to educational trainings, many students are forced to assume part-time employment. Objective: Applying the Job Demands-Resources Model to the educational context, we investigate which role part-time employment plays next to health-care professional students’ education-specific demands and resources in the prediction of perceived stress. Method: In this cross-sectional study, data from N = 161 health-care students were analysed, testing moderation models. Results: Education-specific demands were associated with higher and education-specific resources with lower amounts of perceived stress. Part-time employment functioned as moderator, i.e. demands were less associated with stress experiences in students who were employed part-time. Conclusion: Identifying part-time employment as a resource rather than a demand illustrates the need to understand students’ individual influences on stress. Both educators and students will benefit from reflecting these resources to support students’ stress management.

EARLY RECOGNIZATION OF THE CHILDREN WITH ATTENTION DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER BY VANDERBILT ADHD RATING SCALE FOR TEACHERS AND PARENTS

2019 ◽  
pp. 85-91
Author(s):  
Dinh Duong Le ◽  
Van Thang Vo ◽  
Thi Mai Nguyen ◽  
Thi Han Vo ◽  
Huu Chau Duc Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Teachers And Parents ◽  
Key Words Adhd

Objectives: The study aims to explore the prevalence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and to examine the associated factors with ADHD among primary students by Vanderbilt ADHD rating scale for teacher and parents. Methods: A cross-sectional study design was conducted in 564 students who selected randomly in 4 primary schools in Hue city. Vanderbilt ADHD rating scale for parents and teachers were applied to evaluate the ADHD of children over 6 months ago. Results: The overall prevalence of children who had high risk with ADHD was 4.1% (95%CI: 2.44 - 5.72), including 4.6% and 4.8% in the rating of teachers and parents, respectively. Male was more likely to have ADHD than female (OR adj: 4.64 (95%CI: 1.53 - 14.05) and lack of closely friend (OR adj: 5.11 (95% CI: 2.13 - 12.24). Conclusion: Vanderbilt ADHD diagnosis rating scale for teachers and parents can be used to early recognization children with a high risk of ADHD. Key words: ADHD, Vanderbilt, ratings scale, teacher, parent, children

scholarly journals Psychosocial health of school-aged children during the initial COVID-19 safer-at-home school mandates in Florida: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah L. McKune ◽  
Daniel Acosta ◽  
Nick Diaz ◽  
Kaitlin Brittain ◽  
Diana Joyce- Beaulieu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Psychosocial Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Home School ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
K 12 ◽  
At Home

Abstract Background Given the emerging literature regarding the impacts of lockdown measures on mental health, this study aims to describe the psychosocial health of school-aged children and adolescents during the COVID-19 Safer-at-Home School mandates. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in April 2020 (n = 280) among K-12 students at a research school in North Central Florida. Bivariate analysis and logistic and multinomial logistic regression models were used to examine socio-demographic and knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) predictors of indicators of anxiety-related, depressive, and obsessive-compulsive disorder(OCD)-related symptoms. Outcomes (anxiety, OCD, and depressive related symptoms) were measured by indices generated based on reported symptoms associated with each psychosocial outcome. Results Loss of household income was associated with increased risk for all three index-based outcomes: depressive symptoms [aOR = 3.130, 95% CI = (1.41–6.97)], anxiety-related symptoms [aOR = 2.531, 95%CI = (1.154–5.551)], and OCD-related symptoms [aOR = 2.90, 95%CI = (1.32–6.36)]. Being female was associated with being at higher risk for depressive symptoms [aOR = 1.72, 95% CI = (1.02–2.93)], anxiety-related symptoms [aOR = 1.75, 95% CI = (1.04–2.97)], and OCD-related symptoms [aOR = 1.764, 95%CI = (1.027–3.028)]. Parental practices protective against COVID-19 were associated with children being at higher risk of depressive symptoms [aOR = 1.55, 95% CI = (1.04–2.31)]. Lower school level was associated with children being at higher risk of anxiety-related and OCD-related symptoms. Conclusions As the COVID-19 pandemic continues, schools should prioritize mental health interventions that target younger, female students, and children of families with income loss. Limiting the spread of COVID-19 through school closure may exacerbate negative psychosocial health outcomes in children, thus school administrators should move quickly to target those at greatest risk.

scholarly journals The prevalence and risk factors for depressive symptoms in frontline nurses under COVID-19 pandemic based on a large cross-sectional study using the propensity score-matched method

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongyan Wang ◽  
Xiaoling Dai ◽  
Zichuan Yao ◽  
Xianqing Zhu ◽  
Yunzhong Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Psychological Capital ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Poor Sleep Quality ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Introduction To explore the prevalence of depressive symptoms and the associated risk factors in frontline nurses under COVID-19 pandemic. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted from February 20, 2020 to March 20, 2020 and involved 562 frontline nurses. The effective response rate was 87.68%. After propensity score matched, there were 498 participants left. Extensive characteristics, including demographics, dietary habits, life-related factors, work-related factors, and psychological factors were collected based on a self-reported questionnaire. Specific scales measured the levels of sleep quality, physical activity, depressive symptoms, perceived organization support and psychological capital. Adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were determined by binary paired logistic regression. Results Of the nurses enrolled in the study, 50.90% had depressive symptoms. Three independent risk factors were identified: poor sleep quality (OR = 1.608, 95% CI: 1.384–1.896), lower optimism of psychological capital (OR = 0.879, 95% CI: 0.805–0.960) and no visiting friend constantly (OR = 0.513, 95% CI: 0.286–0.920). Conclusions This study revealed a considerable high prevalence of depressive symptoms in frontline nurses during the COVID-19 outbreak, and identified three risk factors, which were poor sleep quality, lower optimism of psychological capital, and no visiting friend constantly. Protecting mental health of nurses is important for COVID-19 pandemic control and their wellbeing. These findings enrich the existing theoretical model of depression and demonstrated a critical need for additional strategies that could address the mental health in frontline nurses for policymakers.

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