The United States and Latin America: Beyond Free Trade

2011 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-204
Author(s):  
Darío Salinas Figueredo
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Free Trade ◽  
Regional Integration ◽  
The United States ◽  
Trade Policies ◽  
Global Level ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
History Of

Trade policies have long been configured into the history of Latin America. In virtually all such policies, US interests can be readily discerned. Recent experiences in a neoliberal context have witnessed a rearrangement of interests, forces, and scenarios at the global level. The weakening of the role of the state in allocating resources and in defining national agendas has been notable. Wherever proposals for democratization have appeared and have sought to distance themselves from hegemonic policies, the issues of free trade and commerce begin to reveal important aspects of interrelationship between development, regional integration, cooperation, and security.

When Someday Is Today: Carrying Forward the History of Old Age and Inheritance into the Age of Medicaid

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (02) ◽  
pp. 499-505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Anne Case
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Old Age ◽  
The United States ◽  
Past Century ◽  
The Past ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Elder Law ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Old Age

This review essay of Hendrik Hartog's (2012) Someday All This Will Be Yours undertakes a brief overview of some of the massive changes in middle‐class planning for old age and inheritance in the United States over the course of the past century, focusing on the increased role of the state as a source of funding and regulation, the rise of the elder law bar, and the resulting new tools and motives for the transfer of property in exchange for care in the age of Medicaid.

scholarly journals Educational Policy in the United States: Context of Current Debates; Impact in Latin America

2000 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Mónica Eva Pini
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Latin America ◽  
School Choice ◽  
The United States ◽  
Market Model ◽  
Educational Goals ◽  
Goals 2000 ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
The Social

The objective of this article is to analyze some of the most relevant debates about current educational policies in the United States, and to explore the universalility of some of the ideas and strategies which have already been put in place in Latin America. The policies I will discuss are Goals 2000 and school choice proposals, especially those of charter schools and vouchers. These policies question the key definitions of educational goals, the role of the state, and democratic values. Through the analysis of different documents, reports, and research studies, the political context from which they emerged, and a critical perspective, discourses and policies are interpreted. The market model and the strong forces behind many of these proposals makes it necessary for us to think about how these ideas affect the social distribution of education and democratic ideals, both in the United States and in Latin America.

This is (not) Detroit: projecting the future of Germany’s Ruhr region

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Sattler
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Public Discourse ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cultural Transformation ◽  
Economic Transformation ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
The Future ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ruhr Region

Using the example of Germany’s Ruhr region, this chapter discusses Detroit’s relevance outside of the United States. Like Detroit, the Ruhr has gone through a massive process of economic transformation and de-industrialization. While the role of the state in this process is significantly different in Germany when compared to the United States, the Ruhr’s decline in public discourse often gets connected and compared to Detroit, all the way to using ‘Detroit’ as a threatening example of what could potentially happen to the Ruhr. The chapter addresses the Ruhr’s history of urban and cultural transformation due to de-industrialization and analyzes in detail two projects that build on the idea of ‘Detroit’, helping to point out both, significant tensions in the population and the idea that the future for this region is not fixed as of yet.

Colombia, the United States, and Interamerican Aviation Rivalry, 1927-1940

1972 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 297-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen James Randall
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Latin America ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
The United States ◽  
Western Hemisphere ◽  
World War ◽  
Commercial Aviation ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Pan American

Recent research on U.S. diplomacy in Latin America has indicated the prominent role of the State Department in gaining for American airlines a major share of interamerican aviation in the mid-1920s. The department's campaign to “de-Germanize” commercial aviation in the western hemisphere immediately prior to and during World War II has also drawn the attention of historians (McCann, 1968; Newton, 1965; Conn, 1960; Burden, 1943). Yet little analysis has been directed to U.S. policy in the late 1920s and early 1930s, crucial years for the shift of power away from European-supported commercial airlines in Latin America to Pan American Airways.

The Setting

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolette D. Manglos-Weber
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Social Trust ◽  
The United States ◽  
Evangelical Christianity ◽  
Interracial Relations ◽  
Personal Trust ◽  
Conceptual Background ◽  
History Of ◽  
Role Of Religion

This chapter presents the historical and conceptual background to the book’s argument. It starts with a history of Ghana, followed by an analysis of the trends that have led to high levels of out-migration, and then to a description of Ghanaian populations in Chicago. Next, it addresses the concept of social trust in general and personal trust in particular, developing a theory of personal trust as an imaginative and symbolic activity, and analyzing interracial relations through the lens of racialized distrust. It concludes by describing the role of religion in the integration of immigrant groups into the United States and the particular religious frameworks that characterize Charismatic Evangelical Christianity in Ghana.

Univision, Telemundo, and the Rise of Spanish-Language Television in the United States

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig Allen
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Mass Communication ◽  
The United States ◽  
Spanish Language ◽  
Spanish Speaking ◽  
History Of ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
American Society ◽  
The U.S

The first completely researched history of U.S. Spanish-language television traces the rise of two foremost, if widely unrecognized, modern American enterprises—the Spanish-language networks Univision and Telemundo. It is a standard scholarly history constructed from archives, original interviews, reportage, and other public materials. Occasioned by the public’s wakening to a “Latinization” of the U.S., the book demonstrates that the emergence of Spanish-language television as a force in mass communication is essential to understanding the increasing role of Latinos and Latino affairs in modern American society. It argues that a combination of foreign and domestic entrepreneurs and innovators who overcame large odds resolves a significant and timely question: In an English-speaking country, how could a Spanish-speaking institution have emerged? Through exploration of significant and colorful pioneers, continuing conflicts and setbacks, landmark strides, and ongoing controversies—and with revelations that include regulatory indecision, behind-the-scenes tug-of-war, and the internationalization of U.S. mass media—the rise of a Spanish-language institution in the English-speaking U.S. is explained. Nine chapters that begin with Spanish-language television’s inception in 1961 and end 2012 chronologically narrate the endeavor’s first 50 years. Events, passages, and themes are thoroughly referenced.

The History of Occupational Therapy Assistants in Canada: A Comparison with the United States

2001 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 217-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Penny Salvatori
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Professional Associations ◽  
Training Model ◽  
The United States ◽  
Professional Affiliation ◽  
Standards Of Practice ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Training

In the middle of the twentieth century, the role of occupational therapy assistant was introduced in North America. Although the role, utilization and training of assistant personnel have raised much controversy and debate within the profession, Canada and the United States have taken very different paths in terms of dealing with these issues. This paper focuses on the history of occupational therapy assistants in Canada, using the experience in the United States for comparison purposes. The occupational therapy literature and official documents of the professional associations are used to present a chronology of major historical events in both countries. Similarities and differences emerge in relation to historical roots; training model and standards of education; certification, regulation, and standards of practice; career laddering and career mobility; and professional affiliation. The paper concludes with a summary of issues which require further exploration, debate and resolution if the profession is to move forward in Canada.

A Theologian Looks at Latin America

1958 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 419-430
Author(s):  
Gustave Weigel
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
The United States ◽  
Western Hemisphere ◽  
The South ◽  
World Power ◽  
International Power ◽  
The Way

One of the constant worries of the United States, since the role of a dominant world-power has been thrust on her, is the situation of Latin America. Relations with Canada require thought and preoccupation but they produce no deep concern. Canada and the United States understand each other and they form their policies in terms of friendly adjustment. Yet the same is not true when we consider the bloc of nations stretching to the south of the Rio Grande. They form two thirds of the geographic stretch of the western hemisphere, and they constitute a population equal to ours. The dependence on Latin America on the part of the United States in her capacity as an international power is evident. What is not evident is the way to make our friendship with our southern neighbors a more stable thing than the fragile arrangement which confronts us in the present.

Central American integration through infrastructure development: A case study of Costa Rican hydropower

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denielle M. Perry ◽  
Kate A. Berry
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Central America ◽  
Free Trade ◽  
Regional Integration ◽  
Free Trade Agreement ◽  
Trade Agreement ◽  
The United States ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Central American ◽  
Infrastructure Development

At the turn of the 21st century, protectionist policies in Latin America were largely abandoned for an agenda that promoted free trade and regional integration. Central America especially experienced an increase in international, interstate, and intraregional economic integration through trade liberalization. In 2004, such integration was on the agenda of every Central American administration, the U.S. Congress, and Mexico. The Plan Puebla-Panama (PPP) and the Central America Integrated Electricity System (SIEPAC), in particular, aimed to facilitate the success of free trade by increasing energy production and transmission on a unifi ed regional power grid (Mesoamerica, 2011). Meanwhile, for the United States, a free trade agreement (FTA) with Central America would bring it a step closer to realizing a hemispheric trade bloc while securing market access for its products. Isthmus states considered the potential for a Central America Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA) with the United States, their largest trading partner, as an opportunity to enter the global market on a united front. A decade and a half on, CAFTA, PPP, and SIEPAC are interwoven, complimentary initiatives that exemplify a shift towards increased free trade and development throughout the region. As such, to understand one, the other must be examined.

Latinx Basketball

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Race And Ethnicity ◽  
The United States ◽  
Political Role ◽  
History Of ◽  
Government Reforms ◽  
Sociopolitical Structures ◽  
Lazaro Cardenas

Research on Latinx athletes and their communities is a significant contribution to sports studies. Recent studies on sports in Latinx communities have highlighted regional teams, transnational relationships, race and ethnicity, and sociopolitical structures. Still, the need continues for more attention on Latinx sport identity and community. Although basketball originated in the United States, the sport played a significant political role in regions throughout Latin America and the Caribbean. For example, in Mexico, President Lázaro Cárdenas (r. 1934–1940) introduced government reforms that included promoting sports; thus, in Oaxaca, Catholic missionaries used basketball as a socialization tool to strengthen relationships in rural communities (see Rios 2008 [cited under Society and Culture]). Rios 2019 (cited under Society and Culture) and Garcia 2014 (cited under History and Geography) are the primary texts dedicated to the history of basketball in Latin America and the importance of basketball to Latinx communities in the United States.

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