Examination of Cancer and Aging Through Activities of Daily Living: A National Health and Aging Trends Study Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 089826432110176
Author(s):  
Rachelle Brick ◽  
Elizabeth R Skidmore ◽  
Soham Al Snih ◽  
Lauren Terhorst
Keyword(s):  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Older Adult ◽  
Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
National Health ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Perceived Disability ◽  
Adult Cancer Survivors ◽  
Over Time

Objectives: This study longitudinally examined how older adult cancer survivors perceive disability in activities of daily living over time compared to older adults who have not had cancer. Methods: This was a secondary analysis of the National Health and Aging Trends Study examining participants with a new cancer diagnosis and age-, gender-, and comorbidity-matched comparison participants without a history of cancer. Generalized linear mixed models examined time and group interaction and main effects in disability. Results: There was a significant main effect of time ( F 4,771 = 12.81; p < .0001) demonstrating increasing disability levels for both groups. There were significant group differences, with higher disability in the cancer group than the comparison group (β = 0.628, SE = 0.263; t = 2.39, p = 0.017). Discussion: Although perceived disability was greater immediately following cancer diagnosis, older adult cancer survivors and comparison participants appear to have similar perceived disability over time.

scholarly journals Role of occupational therapy in rehabilitation of cancer patients

2021 ◽  
pp. 145-150
Author(s):  
Alina Deniza CIUBEAN ◽  
Viorela Mihaela CIORTEA ◽  
Rodica Ana UNGUR ◽  
Ileana Monica BORDA ◽  
Theodor POPA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Cancer Rehabilitation ◽  
Complex Needs ◽  
Adult Cancer Survivors

Background. Most adult cancer survivors report a significant decrease of their quality of life and limitations in performing activities of daily living. Occupational therapy is a form of rehabilitation treatment that uses certain techniques and tools aimed at improving functional capacity, improve social participation and overall quality of life. Objective. The overall purpose of this narrative review is to provide a better understanding of the role that occupational therapy can play in the rehabilitation of cancer patients with a focus on the most important cancer-related aspects amenable and manageable by occupational therapy interventions and to increase awareness regarding this form of rehabilitation. Discussion. Given the fact that there is constant grow in the number of cancer survivors with complex needs, rehabilitation and occupational therapy strategies can increase functionality and health-related quality of life of patients with cancer at any point of the disease, but it remains underused, due to certain barriers. Conclusions. Occupational therapy, as part of cancer rehabilitation therapy, can lead to improvements in both short and long-term outcomes, while being cost-effective as goals are always set in collaboration with the patients and are aimed to identify and improve the activities most important and relevant for them. Keywords: occupational therapy, cancer, rehabilitation, activities of daily living, quality of life,

scholarly journals Geriatric Assessment Predicts Hospitalization Frequency and Long-Term Care Use in Older Adult Cancer Survivors

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. e399-e409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grant R. Williams ◽  
Lisette Dunham ◽  
YunKyung Chang ◽  
Allison M. Deal ◽  
Mackenzi Pergolotti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Older Adult ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Health Care Use ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Adult Cancer Survivors ◽  
Climbing Stairs

PURPOSE: The association between geriatric assessment (GA)–identified impairments and long-term health care use in older cancer survivors remains unknown. Our objective was to evaluate whether a GA performed at cancer diagnosis was predictive of hospitalizations and long-term care (LTC) use in older adult cancer survivors. METHODS: Older adults with GA performed between 3 months before through 6 months after diagnosis were included (N = 125). Patients with Medicare Parts A and B coverage and no managed care were identified. Hospitalizations and LTC use (skilled nursing or assisted living) were assessed up to 5 years postdiagnosis. GA risk measures were evaluated in separate Poisson models estimating the relative risk (RR) for hospital and LTC visits, adjusting for age and Charlson comorbidity score. RESULTS: The mean age of patients was 74 years, and the majority were female (80%) and white (90%). Breast cancer (64%) and early-stage disease (stages 0 to III, 77%) were common. Prefrail/frail status (RR, 2.5; P < .001), instrumental activities of daily living impairment (RR, 5.47; P < .001), and limitations in climbing stairs (RR, 2.94; P < .001) were associated with increased hospitalizations. Prefrail/frail status (RR, 1.86; P < .007), instrumental activities of daily living impairment (RR, 4.58; P < .001), presence of falls (RR, 6.73; P < .001), prolonged Timed Up and Go (RR, 5.45; P < .001), and limitations in climbing stairs (RR, 1.89; P < .005) were associated with LTC use. CONCLUSION: GA-identified impairments were associated with increased hospitalizations and LTC use among older adults with cancer. GA-focused interventions should be targeted toward high-risk patients to reduce long-term adverse health care use in this vulnerable population.

scholarly journals Survivors’ Dilemma: Young Adult Cancer Survivors’ Perspectives of Work-Related Goals

2021 ◽  
pp. 216507992110126
Author(s):  
Lauren Victoria Ghazal ◽  
John Merriman ◽  
Sheila Judge Santacroce ◽  
Victoria Vaughan Dickson
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Financial Toxicity ◽  
Self Identity ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Young Adult Cancer Survivors ◽  
Adult Cancer Survivors ◽  
Young Adult Cancer

Background: Young adult cancer survivors have significant work-related challenges, including interruptions to education and employment milestones, which may affect work-related goals (WRGs). The study purpose was to explore posttreatment perspectives of WRGs in a sample of young adult hematologic cancer survivors. Methods: This qualitative descriptive study used social media to recruit eligible cancer survivors (young adults working or in school at the time of cancer diagnosis). Data were collected through telephone semi-structured interviews and analyzed using directed content analysis, followed by thematic content analysis to identify themes. Findings: The sample ( N = 40) were mostly female (63.5%), White (75%), and diagnosed with Hodgkin lymphoma (57.5%); most worked in professional (40%) or health care (23%) roles. The overarching theme, “Survivors’ Dilemma,” highlights a changed perspective on work-related fulfillment and financial obligations, capturing survivors’ decision-making process regarding work. Three subthemes illustrated questions that participants contemplated as they examined how their WRGs had changed: (a) Self-identity: Do I want to do this work? (b) Perceived health and work ability: Can I do this work? and (c) Financial toxicity: Can I afford to/not to do this work? Conclusions/Application to Practice: Participants experienced a state of dilemma around their WRGs, weighing areas around self-identity, perceived health and work ability, and financial toxicity. Findings suggest occupational health nurses should be aware of challenges surrounding WRGs, including how goals may change following a cancer diagnosis and treatment, and the potential stressors involved in the Survivors’ Dilemma. Occupational health nurses should assess for these issues and refer young survivors to employee and financial assistance programs, as necessary.

scholarly journals Physical Comorbidities and Depression in Recent and Long-Term Adult Cancer Survivors: NHANES 2007–2018

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 3368
Author(s):  
Dafina Petrova ◽  
Andrés Catena ◽  
Miguel Rodríguez-Barranco ◽  
Daniel Redondo-Sánchez ◽  
Eloísa Bayo-Lozano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Depression Risk ◽  
Adult Cancer Survivors ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Risk Of Cancer

Many adult cancer patients present one or more physical comorbidities. Besides interfering with treatment and prognosis, physical comorbidities could also increase the already heightened psychological risk of cancer patients. To test this possibility, we investigated the relationship between physical comorbidities with depression symptoms in a sample of 2073 adult cancer survivors drawn from the nationally representative National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) (2007–2018) in the U.S. Based on information regarding 16 chronic conditions, the number of comorbidities diagnosed before and after the cancer diagnosis was calculated. The number of comorbidities present at the moment of cancer diagnosis was significantly related to depression risk in recent but not in long-term survivors. Recent survivors who suffered multimorbidity had 3.48 (95% CI 1.26–9.55) times the odds of reporting significant depressive symptoms up to 5 years after the cancer diagnosis. The effect of comorbidities was strongest among survivors of breast cancer. The comorbidities with strongest influence on depression risk were stroke, kidney disease, hypertension, obesity, asthma, and arthritis. Information about comorbidities is usually readily available and could be useful in streamlining depression screening or targeting prevention efforts in cancer patients and survivors. A multidimensional model of the interaction between cancer and other physical comorbidities on mental health is proposed.

scholarly journals Trends in Disability Among Adults 55-64 in the United States and England From 2002 to 2016

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 303-303
Author(s):  
HwaJung Choi ◽  
Robert Schoeni ◽  
Tsai-Chin Cho ◽  
Kenneth Langa
Keyword(s):  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Income Group ◽  
The United States ◽  
Annual Change ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Income Groups ◽  
The Us ◽  
Disability Prevalence ◽  
Over Time

Abstract The paper’s goal is to assess whether and, if so, the extent to which prevalence in disability of adults near retirement ages in the US increased over time compared to their peers in England and examine income group differences in the relative trends. This study uses 2002-2016 Health and Retirement Study (HRS) and English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA) focusing on adults aged 55-64. Annual percent changes over the period of 2002-2016 for limitations in instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) and activities of daily living (ADL) are estimated for each survey (HRS and ELSA) using multivariable logistic regressions to adjust for individual-level characteristics While disability prevalence of adults ages 55-64 in England improved over the years of 2002-2016 (annual % change= -2.01 for IADL; - 2.53 for ADL), disability prevalence of US adults has not improved and in fact even worsened in terms of IADL (annual % change= +1.35). There are substantial variations in the IADL/ADL trends by income groups. In the US, the adverse trends in disability were more pronounced among the lowest income groups (annual % change in IADL=1.76 for bottom 20% vs. -2.08 for top 20%; annual % change in ADL=1.08 for bottom 20% vs. -2.08 for top 20%). In England, the disability status improved over time for all but the lowest income group. We will examine further to identify specific factors contributing to divergent/convergent trends in disability between the US and England.

Inflammation, Functional Status, and Weight Loss During Recovery From Cardiac Surgery in Older Adults

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 344-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rose Ann DiMaria-Ghalili ◽  
Eileen M. Sullivan-Marx ◽  
Charlene Compher
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Functional Status ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Chair Stand ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal ◽  
Over Time

Objective: To determine the nutritional, inflammatory, and functional aspects of unintentional weight loss after cardiac surgery that warrant further investigation. Research Methods and Procedures: Twenty community-dwelling adults > 65 years old undergoing cardiac surgery (coronary artery bypass graft [CABG] or CABG + valve) were recruited for this prospective longitudinal (preoperative and 4–6 weeks postdischarge) pilot study. Anthropometrics (weight, standing height, and mid-arm and calf circumference), nutritional status (Mini-Nutritional Assessment™ [MNA]), appetite, physical performance (timed chair stand), muscle strength (hand grip) and functional status (basic and instrumental activities of daily living), and inflammatory markers (plasma leptin, ghrelin, interleukin [IL]-6, high-sensitivity[hs] C-reactive protein, and serum albumin and prealbumin) were measured. Results: Participants who completed the study ( n = 11 males, n = 3 females) had a mean age 70.21 ± 4.02 years. Of these, 12 lost 3.66 ± 1.44 kg over the study period. Weight, BMI, activities of daily living, and leptin decreased over time ( p < .05). IL-6 increased over time ( p < .05). Ghrelin, hs-CRP, and timed chair stand increased over time in those who underwent combined procedures ( p < .05). Grip strength decreased in those who developed complications ( p = .004). Complications, readmission status, and lowered grip strength were found in those with low preoperative MNA scores ( p < .05). Conclusion: After cardiac surgery, postdischarge weight loss occurs during a continued inflammatory response accompanied by decreased physical functioning and may not be a positive outcome. The impacts of weight loss, functional impairment, and inflammation during recovery on disability and frailty warrant further study.

scholarly journals The Role of Physical Activity in Cancer Survivors’ Quality of Life

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tayah M. Liska ◽  
Angie Kolen
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Social Engagement ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Adult Cancer Survivors

Abstract Purpose: As a result of a cancer diagnosis and treatment, many cancer survivors experience persistent physical, mental, and emotional symptoms that affect their quality of life. Physical activity has been identified as an intervention that may help to manage the side effects of a cancer diagnosis and its treatment. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of physical activity on overall quality of life in adult cancer survivors. Methods: One-on-one semi structured interviews were conducted in person or via telephone with 13 adult (≥18 yrs) cancer survivors who had completed cancer treatment. Results: These cancer survivors described their physical activity as improving their physical functioning and mental health, as a means of positive social engagement, and adding positivity to their daily life. Conclusion: These results support the role of physical activity to enhance cancer survivors’ quality of life regardless of the individuals’ treatment(s) type, duration, or time since the end of active cancer treatment. Further research is warranted to (a) expand this research with a larger sample, (b) examine healthcare providers’ knowledge and application of exercise guidelines to cancer survivors in cancer care, and (c) explore implementation strategies for greater advocacy for healthcare providers to share the exercise recommendations with cancer survivors.

The Assessment of Functional Age Using “Activities of Daily Living” Performance Tests: A Study of Korean Women

1995 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hee Sik Kim ◽  
Kiyoji Tanaka
Keyword(s):  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Older Women ◽  
Older Adult ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Performance Tests ◽  
Korean Women ◽  
Principal Component Score ◽  
Performance Tasks ◽  
Adl Performance

The purpose of this study was to assess the extent to which a battery of 24 activities of daily living (ADL) performance tasks could be used to determine functional age in a sample of older women. The subjects were 253 older adult Korean women, aged 60 to 91 years. All subjects completed a comprehensive battery of 24 performance tests related to common activities of daily living. Correlations between the measures were computed, and principal component analysis was applied to the 24 × 24 correlation matrix. A principal component score was computed for each subject and was found to decrease significantly with advancing age. Multiple regression analysis revealed that out of the initial 24 variables, 5 variables accounted for 81% of the variability. An equation was developed to determine ADL age; the equation was considered useful for the assessment of daily living activities of older adult Korean women.

scholarly journals Neuropsychological and Functional Impact of COVID-19 on Mild Cognitive Impairment

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 153331752096087
Author(s):  
Kalpana P. Padala ◽  
Christopher M. Parkes ◽  
Prasad R. Padala
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Older Adult ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Functional Decline ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Physically Active

We present a case report to showcase that behavioral, cognitive, and functional decline may be associated with COVID-19 stay-home guidance among older adults with pre-existent cognitive impairment. In a functionally independent and physically active older adult with Mild Cognitive Impairment, there was worsening in depression and anxiety symptoms associated with the restrictions of COVID-19. Functional decline was also noted as assessed by Instrumental Activities of Daily Living. We discuss solutions to mitigate the effects of COVID-19 restrictions in this vulnerable population.

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