The Everyday Ageism Scale: Development and Evaluation

2021 ◽  
pp. 089826432110361
Author(s):  
Julie Ober Allen ◽  
Erica Solway ◽  
Matthias Kirch ◽  
Dianne Singer ◽  
Jeffrey T. Kullgren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Psychometric Evaluation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
Internal Reliability ◽  
National Poll ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Health And Well Being ◽  
Everyday Discrimination

Objectives Older adults regularly encounter age-based discrimination and stereotyping in their day-to-day lives. Whether this type of routine ageism negatively affects their health and well-being is unclear, in part due to the absence of validated scales that comprehensively measure this phenomenon and distinguish it from other sources of everyday discrimination. Methods This study describes the development of a novel scale, the Everyday Ageism Scale, and its psychometric evaluation using a nationally representative sample of US adults age 50–80 from the December 2019 National Poll on Healthy Aging ( N = 2012). Results Exploratory factor analysis indicated a 3-factor structure comprised of ageist messages, ageism in interpersonal interactions, and internalized ageism. The ten-item scale was psychometrically sound and demonstrated good internal reliability. Discussion Everyday ageism is a multidimensional construct. Preliminary evaluation of the Everyday Ageism Scale suggests its utility in future studies examining the prevalence of everyday ageism and its relationships with health.

scholarly journals Caregiving Challenges During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Findings From the National Poll on Healthy Aging

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 178-178
Author(s):  
Alicia Carmichael ◽  
Natalie Leonard ◽  
Jeannette Jackson ◽  
Erica Solway ◽  
Matthias Kirch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
National Poll ◽  
Caregiver Mental Health ◽  
Nationally Representative

Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic posed new challenges for caregivers. This study examines the prevalence of pandemic care challenges (e.g., decreasing care to reduce virus spread, difficulty accessing medical care) and their associations with caregiver mental health and interpersonal well-being in a nationally representative sample of 311 caregivers who participated in the June 2020 National Poll on Healthy Aging. We consider seven care challenges and supports as key predictors of caregiver mental health (care-related stress, self-reported mental health, three depressive symptoms) and interpersonal well-being (lack of companionship, isolation) in bivariate tests and ordinary least squares regressions. Each care challenge/support was endorsed by between 13-23% of caregivers. Difficulty getting needed medical care was the most predictive challenge associated with increased caregiver stress, depressive symptoms, and worsened interpersonal well-being. All care challenges predicted an increase in caregiver stress. Effective caregiver tools and supports must consider changing policies and care needs, especially during a pandemic.

scholarly journals After the bell: adolescents’ organised leisure-time activities and well-being in the context of social and socioeconomic inequalities

2021 ◽  
pp. jech-2020-215319
Author(s):  
Petr Badura ◽  
Zdenek Hamrik ◽  
Maxim Dierckens ◽  
Inese Gobiņa ◽  
Marta Malinowska-Cieślik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Factors ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Total N ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Nuclear Families ◽  
Lower Socioeconomic ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Health And Well Being

BackgroundPrevious research has linked adolescents’ participation in organised leisure-time activities (OLTAs) to better health and well-being. It remains unclear whether these associations can be observed consistently across social and socioeconomic strata and countries.MethodsThe present study used nine nationally representative samples of adolescents aged 11, 13 and 15 years (total n=55 429) from the 2017/2018 Health Behaviour in School-aged Children survey from Europe and Canada. Regression models with mixed effects to account for nested nature of data were applied to estimate: (1) the associations of social and socioeconomic factors with OLTA participation; (2) strengths of the associations between breadth and pattern of OLTA participation with health and well-being indicators, after adjustment for the social and socioeconomic factors.ResultsRates of OLTA participation varied by age, sex and country of adolescents. Participants from lower socioeconomic classes and non-nuclear families were less likely to participate in OLTAs across each of the nine countries. Moreover, breadth of OLTA participation was associated with higher well-being independent of socioeconomic status or family structure. All of the participation patterns were associated with higher life satisfaction, but sports (either alone or in combination with a non-sport OLTA) were also associated with fewer psychological complaints and excellent self-rated health.ConclusionAdolescents’ engagement in OLTAs was associated with adolescents’ subjective well-being regardless of country, age, sex and variance in social and socioeconomic factors. Policies aimed at increasing adolescents’ subjective well-being and OLTA participation should focus on adolescents from low socioeconomic classes and non-nuclear families.

scholarly journals The NH Alliance for Healthy Aging: Using a Collective Impact Approach to Advance Healthy Aging

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 107-108
Author(s):  
Jennifer Rabalais ◽  
Laura Davie ◽  
Alison Rataj
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Shared Vision ◽  
The State ◽  
Theory Of Change ◽  
Collective Impact ◽  
Strategic Plans ◽  
Or Groups ◽  
Health And Well Being ◽  
Aging Field

Abstract The NH Alliance for Healthy Aging (NH AHA) is a statewide coalition of stakeholders building cross sector partnerships that support and promote healthy aging throughout the state. Formed in 2016, NH AHA works to promote its shared vision to create communities in New Hampshire that advance culture, policies and services which support older adults and their families. As the largest coalition focused on the health and well being of older people in the state, NH AHA currently engages over 300 participants representing more than 185 organizations and/or groups statewide. Participants will hear how this collective power has led to early successes in advancing AHA’s five strategic priorities, including early statewide policy successes. A review of the collective impact model will be provided with discussion on how NH uses this model intentionally to align the work in the aging field of NH. NH AHA’s theory of change starts with changing the conversation around aging across NH’s communities and is the foundation for the efforts to advance Reframing Aging principles and recommendations through the work of NH AHA and statewide. NH AHA’s strategic plans to become a resource and hub of Reframing Aging activity in the state will be reviewed. As a result of the presentation audience members will be able to 1) describe the 5 conditions of collective impact 2) give 2 examples of how NH is utilizing these conditions intentionally and 3) describe NH’s efforts to create common measures for the aging field in NH.

Self-reported disposal of leftover opioids among US adults 50–80

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (12) ◽  
pp. 949-954
Author(s):  
Calista M Harbaugh ◽  
Preeti Malani ◽  
Erica Solway ◽  
Matthias Kirch ◽  
Dianne Singer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Opioid Prescription ◽  
Web Based ◽  
The Past ◽  
National Poll ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Opioid Medications

ObjectiveTo test the association between self-reported opioid disposal education and self-reported disposal of leftover opioids among older adults.DesignWeb-based survey from the National Poll on Healthy Aging (March 2018) using population-based weighting for nationally representative estimates.SubjectsOlder adults aged 50–80 years who reported filling an opioid prescription within the past 2 years.MethodsRespondents were asked whether they received education from a prescriber or pharmacist on how to dispose of leftover opioids and whether they disposed of leftover opioids from recent prescriptions. The association between self-reported opioid disposal education and self-reported disposal of leftover opioids was estimated with multivariable logistic regression, testing for interactions with respondent demographics.ResultsAmong 2013 respondents (74% response rate), 596 (28.9% (26.8%–31.2%)) were prescribed opioids within the past 2 years. Education on opioid disposal was reported by 40.1% of respondents (35.8%–44.5%). Among 295 respondents with leftover medication, 19.0% (14.6%–24.5%) disposed of the leftover medications. Opioid disposal education was associated with a greater likelihood of self-reported disposal of leftover opioids among non-white respondents as compared with white non-Hispanic respondents (36.7% (16.8%–56.6%) vs 7.8% (0.1%–15.6%), p<0.01).ConclusionsIn this nationally representative survey, 49% had leftover opioids, yet only 20% of older adults reported disposal of leftover opioids. Opioid disposal education was variable in delivery, but was associated with disposal behaviors among certain populations. Strategies to promote disposal should integrate patient education on the risks of leftover opioid medications and explore additional barriers to accessing opioid disposal methods.

Abstract P393: Current and Future Perceptions of Well-being are Associated With General Health Status in Adults: Results From the Gallup National Health and Well-being Index, 2018

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 141 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina M Shay ◽  
Remy Poudel ◽  
Kimberly Stitzel ◽  
Yosef Khan
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Sex Education ◽  
National Health ◽  
General Health ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Subjective Rating ◽  
General Health Status ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Health And Well Being

Background: Growing evidence exists indicate that subjective perceptions of well-being (i.e. life satisfaction) are favorably associated with overall health status. Few reports are available that explore this association in nationally representative samples of US adults. Methods: Data from were collected from 115,929 US adults (18+ y) from all 50 states via dual mail and web-based sampling through the 2018 Gallup National Health and Well-Being Survey. Well-being was assessed by asking individuals to place themselves on a 10-step ladder with ‘worst possible life’ representing the lowest rung and ‘best possible life’ the top rung; ratings were collected for both their current life and their life in 5 years. Based on both current and future life ratings, individuals were categorized as thriving, struggling, or suffering. General health status was assessed based 5 options (excellent to poor). Results: Significant positive trends were observed between current and future levels of life satisfaction with ratings of general health status after accounting for age, sex, education, an income (p<0.001 and p<0.001, respectively) (Figure 1). Similarly, the proportion of adults categorized as “Thriving” was higher across more favorable levels of general health status. Conclusions: Level of well-being assessed by subjective rating of life satisfaction is strongly, positively, and independently associated with perception of general health status in a large sample of US adults. These results may demonstrate the strong influence of well-being on the preservation of health, however, further prospective examination of these associations are warranted.

scholarly journals Low assets and financial stressors associated with higher depression during COVID-19 in a nationally representative sample of US adults

2020 ◽  
pp. jech-2020-215213
Author(s):  
Catherine K Ettman ◽  
Salma M Abdalla ◽  
Gregory H Cohen ◽  
Laura Sampson ◽  
Patrick M Vivier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Representative Sample ◽  
Home Ownership ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Period 2 ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Patient Health ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Health And Well Being ◽  
Probable Depression

BackgroundCOVID-19 and related containment policies have caused or heightened financial stressors for many in the USA. We assessed the relation between assets, financial stressors and probable depression during the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsBetween 31 March 2020 and 13 April 2020, we surveyed a probability-based, nationally representative sample of US adults ages 18 and older using the COVID-19 and Life stressors Impact on Mental Health and Well-being survey (n=1441). We calculated the prevalence of probable depression using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (cut-off ≥10) and exposure to financial stressors by financial, physical and social assets categories (household income, household savings, home ownership, educational attainment and marital status). We estimated adjusted ORs and predicted probabilities of probable depression across assets categories and COVID-19 financial stressor exposure groups.ResultsWe found that (1) 40% of US adults experienced COVID-19-related financial stressors during this time period; (2) low assets (OR: 3.0, 95% CI 2.1 to 4.2) and COVID-19 financial stressor exposure (OR: 2.8, 95% CI 2.1 to 3.9) were each associated with higher odds of probable depression; and (3) among persons with low assets and high COVID-19 financial stressors, 42.7% had probable depression; and among persons with high assets and low COVID-19 financial stressors, 11.1% had probable depression. Persons with high assets and high COVID-19 financial stressors had a similar prevalence of probable depression (33.5%) as persons with low assets and low COVID-19 financial stressors (33.5%). The more assets a person had, the lower the level of probable depression.ConclusionPopulations with low assets are bearing a greater burden of mental illness during the COVID-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals Educational Attainment and Self-Rated Oral Health among American Older Adults: Hispanics’ Diminished Returns

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shervin Assari ◽  
Mohsen Bazargan
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
University Of Michigan ◽  
Single Item ◽  
National Poll ◽  
The Us ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
The University

Background: Minorities’ diminished returns (MDRs) refer to systemically weaker effects of socioeconomic status (SES), particularly educational attainment, on the health of non-Whites compared to Whites. Aim: Using a nationally representative sample, we aimed to investigate ethnic differences in the effect of SES (educational attainment) on the self-rated oral health of Hispanic older adults in the US. Methods: This study analyzed the University of Michigan National Poll on Healthy Aging (UM-NPHA) 2017 data, which included 2131 older adults who were 50 to 80 years old (202 Hispanics and 1929 non-Hispanics). Ethnicity, race, educational attainment (SES), age, gender, employment, retirement, and self-rated oral health (single item) were measured. Logistic regressions were applied for data analysis. Results: High educational attainment was associated with lower odds of poor oral health in the pooled sample, net of all covariates. The effect of educational attainment on poor self-rated oral health was found to be weaker for Hispanics than for non-Hispanics. Conclusion: We observed MDRs of educational attainment (SES) on oral health for Hispanic older adults. In other words, compared to non-Hispanics, Hispanics gain less oral health from their educational attainment (SES).

Psychometric evaluation of the DSM-IV criterion B mania symptoms in an Australian national sample

2012 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 433-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Carragher ◽  
L. M. Weinstock ◽  
D. Strong
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation Studies ◽  
Psychometric Evaluation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Latent Structure ◽  
Item Functioning ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
Health And Well Being ◽  
Two Parameter

BackgroundAlthough numerous studies have examined the latent structure of major depression, less attention has focused on mania. This paper presents the first investigation outside the USA to evaluate the psychometric properties of the DSM-IV criterion B mania symptoms using item response theory (IRT).MethodData were drawn from the Australian 2007 National Survey of Mental Health and Well-Being (NSMHWB, n = 8841). The psychometric performance of the mania symptoms was evaluated using a two-parameter logistic model. Because substance use disorders (SUDs) frequently co-occur with mania and can influence manic symptom expression, differential item functioning (DIF) between mania respondents with/without a SUD diagnosis was also assessed.ResultsFactor analysis supported a unidimensional trait underlying mania. The grandiosity symptom displayed the highest discrimination whereas discrimination was lowest for decreased need for sleep. Relatively speaking, grandiosity tapped the severe end and increased goal-oriented activities tapped the mild end of the mania severity continuum. The symptoms generally performed equivalently between those with/without a SUD diagnosis, with one exception; the activities with painful consequences symptom was endorsed at lower levels of severity, and hence more frequently, by those with a SUD diagnosis versus those without a SUD diagnosis.ConclusionsAccurate conceptualization of latent structure has crucial theoretical, statistical and clinical implications. The symptoms generally performed well in distinguishing between respondents with differing levels of liability, but others did not, suggesting modification is warranted to ensure optimal use in epidemiological samples. Given the dearth of psychometric evaluation studies of mania, further research replicating these results is necessary.

scholarly journals The psychometric evaluation of the sense of belonging instrument (SOBI) with Iranian older adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly-Ann Allen ◽  
Gökmen Arslan ◽  
Heather Craig ◽  
Sedigheh Arefi ◽  
Ameneh Yaghoobzadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Sense Of Belonging ◽  
Psychometric Evaluation ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Internal Reliability ◽  
Persian Version ◽  
Latent Structures

Abstract Background A sense of belonging is a significant predictor of mental health and well-being in later life. A sense of belonging in childhood and adolescence contributes to a number of adult behavioural and psychological outcomes. A high sense of belonging has been associated with better health, longevity, psychological well-being, and disease recovery. Methods In this study, the Persian version of the Sense of Belonging Instrument (SOBI) for older adults in Iran was evaluated psychometrically to develop an accurate measure for belonging. Participants in the study were 302 older adults, 60 years old and above, living independently in Iran and chosen through convenience sampling. Results An exploratory factor analysis indicated that the four-factor structure, which included 16 items, accounted for 54.12% of the total variance, and was characterized by strong factor loadings, with values ranging from .50 to .87. Thereafter, a confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the four-factor latent structure of the SOBI, providing adequate data-model fit statistics. All latent structures were characterized by adequate-to-strong latent construct (H) internal reliability (α) coefficients. Conclusions The Persian version of the SOBI is a useful tool in understanding older adult patients’ sense of belonging when living independently within the community. The implications for practice and research are discussed.

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