Coopetition Among Social Enterprises: A Three-Level Dynamic Motivated by Social and Economic Goals

2020 ◽  
pp. 089976402094861
Author(s):  
Daniel Arenas ◽  
Solange Hai ◽  
Chiara De Bernardi
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Social Entrepreneurship ◽  
Social Enterprises ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Competition And Cooperation ◽  
Cooperation And Competition ◽  
Social Tension ◽  
The Social ◽  
Work Integration

While scholars have analyzed the emergence and characteristics of social enterprises, and their internal tensions between conflicting logics, we have little understanding of the dynamics at the interorganizational level between social enterprises. Based on an in-depth, qualitative study with work integration social enterprises in the secondhand clothes industry, we uncover the dynamics of simultaneous cooperation and competition. Our analysis shows that social enterprises simultaneously—rather than sequentially—engage in coopetitive actions at three levels of action: operational, stakeholder, and environmental interface. At each level, social enterprises engage in different coopetitive actions that do not easily fall under the commercial–social tension usually studied in the social entrepreneurship literature. Social and economic goals motivate both competition and cooperation, but we argue that this plays out differently at each level of coopetition. We conclude with implications for theory and practice.

scholarly journals Economic and social security in EU: Reforming Slovenian law on social enterpreneurship

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 14-34
Author(s):  
Petra Kleindienst
Keyword(s):  
Social Entrepreneurship ◽  
Social Enterprises ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Europe 2020 ◽  
Europe 2020 Strategy ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Innovations ◽  
Specific Factors ◽  
Work Integration ◽  
Context Specific

Abstract Europe 2020 strategy of smart, sustainable and inclusive growth also implies policies for boosting social innovations. In this context, it is relevant to encourage solutions such as social entrepreneurship as it is addressing social and environmental issues while employing entrepreneurship. Social entrepreneurship depends on the context of its emergence and implementation. In this regard, the context-specific factors play an important role. Following the Cultural Political Economy approach, the article examines on different factors that have influenced on the adoption of amendments of the Slovenian Social Entrepreneurship Act in 2018. Selection of the case study of Slovenia bases on the findings implying that Slovenia has still not overcome the initial phase of the development of the social entrepreneurship. The article reveals that there are still issues relevant for running social enterprises that are not sufficiently regulated by the law. One of them is a training of the vulnerable groups in terms of their technological skills in order to ensure their efficiency and productiveness in Work Integration Social Enterprises.

Coopetition in social entrepreneurship: a strategy for social value devolution

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leandro da Silva Nascimento ◽  
Júlio César da Costa Júnior ◽  
Viviane Santos Salazar ◽  
Adriana Fumi Chim-Miki
Keyword(s):  
Social Entrepreneurship ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Social Enterprises ◽  
Social Value ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Social Sphere ◽  
Cooperation Level ◽  
The Social ◽  
Competition Level

PurposeCoopetition is a well-studied phenomenon in traditional enterprises. However, it lacks deepening in the social sphere, specifically on hybrid organizations (social and commercial goals). This paper analyzes the configuration of coopetition strategies in social enterprises and how these strategies can improve social value devolution.Design/methodology/approachThe authors conducted a multicase study with Brazilian social enterprises and a social incubator. Semistructured interviews with founders of the social enterprises and the president of the incubator were the primary sources of evidence, supported by observations and secondary data.FindingsThe authors identified four main findings: (1) the social incubator induces coopetition among social enterprises; (2) coopetition is necessary to improve market performance; (3) coopetition is a natural strategy resulting from the activity of the social enterprise; (4) the behavior and context of social enterprises generate a new framework for coopetition formation. This framework comprises three stages of value: a social cooperation level to co-creation of value; second, a social competition level to the appropriation of value; and the third coopetition-balanced level to social value devolution.Originality/valueThe authors advance knowledge on coopetition in an exciting, underexplored context, social entrepreneurship. The authors highlight that the coopetition nature and outcome in social enterprises have specificities compared to traditional businesses. The authors also improve the understanding of social value devolution based on simultaneous cooperation and competition among small social enterprises, allowing theoretical and practical implications. Thus, they advance the recurring discussion in coopetition literature beyond the generation and appropriation of value.

scholarly journals APPROACH TO SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN SLOVENIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 62-66
Author(s):  
Barbara Bradač Hojnik
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Social Entrepreneurship ◽  
Social Enterprise ◽  
Social Enterprises ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
The Social ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Formal Status ◽  
Financial Environment

In this paper, social entrepreneurship as a developing type of entrepreneurship is analyzed. On the level of the European Union (EU), social entrepreneurship is widely supported by different initiatives which aim to develop a suitable legal, administrative, and financial environment for social enterprises, but also allowing member states to regulate them individually. This paper focuses on the social entrepreneurship in Slovenia, where it is strictly shaped by the legislation. Consequently, social enterprises need to meet the legislation’s requirements which hinder their quantity and development. Additionally, the scope of social enterprises is narrowed to those companies that received the formal status of social enterprise. In the paper provided will be the data on social enterprises in Slovenia with some recommendation for further development of the framework for social entrepreneurship in the country.

scholarly journals Social Entrepreneurial Intention among Business Undergraduates: An Emerging Economy Perspective

2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayob Noorseha
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Social Entrepreneurship ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intention ◽  
Emerging Economy ◽  
Social Enterprises ◽  
Private Higher Education ◽  
Social Entrepreneurs ◽  
The Social ◽  
Perceived Desirability

Social entrepreneurs are viewed as having the abilities to combat social and economic problems in which government, businesses, and non-profits may not be able to solve the problems alone. Consequently, with the collaboration among these sectors, more social enterprises can be established to create social values and development in a nation, specifically among the emerging economies. Therefore, it is timely to investigate what motivates undergraduates to develop social entrepreneurial intention. Drawing from the entrepreneurial models of Shapero and Sokol (1982) and Kruger and Brazeal (1994), this study aims to examine the social entrepreneurial intention among undergraduates from the perspective of an emerging economy. The proposed conceptual model differs from the existing entrepreneurial intention studies by adding the concepts of empathy and social entrepreneurship exposure as the antecedents to perceived desirability and perceived feasibility of social enterprising start-up, which in turn link to social entrepreneurial intention. Using the quota sampling technique, data were collected from 257 business and economics undergraduates from both public and private higher education institutions in Malaysia. The survey instrument was adapted from prior related studies, for instance, Davis (1983) for empathy; Shapero and Sokol (1982) for social entrepreneurship exposure; Krueger (1993) for perceived desirability and perceived feasibility; and Chen et al. (1998) for social entrepreneurial intention. Partial least squares path modelling was used to analyze the hypothesized relationships in the proposed conceptual framework. It is hoped that the findings of this study will shed light on the existing literature of social entrepreneurship, specifically the social entrepreneurial intention studies from the emerging economies perspective.    

Relationship Between Mission Drift and Financial Strategies in Social Enterprises

2019 ◽  
pp. 151-167
Author(s):  
Ramon Bastida ◽  
Marta Mas-Machuca
Keyword(s):  
Social Services ◽  
Social Enterprises ◽  
Board Members ◽  
Mission Drift ◽  
The Public ◽  
Care Services ◽  
The Social ◽  
Financial Strategies ◽  
Work Integration ◽  
Financial Dependency

Social enterprises (SEs) have an important role in the social services provision. Many of those enterprises provide services, such as care services to elderly people and young people at risk of exclusion, work integration services, mediation, etc. In European Union (EU) countries, public administrations are obliged to provide these services to the citizens, although they externalize the provision to SEs. In this chapter, the financial strategies of SEs are analyzed in order to assess if they have any impact on mission drift. The analysis is based on the experiences of three SEs that provide social services in Catalonia, Spain. Several interviews with managers and board members of SEs were done. The results indicate that there is an important financial dependency of these SEs on the public administration. Therefore, SEs have problems to remain mission-focused, and a mission drift into market positions has been observed.

scholarly journals Social Enterprise in Ireland – Why Work Integration Social Enterprises (WISEs) Dominate the Discourse

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 461-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary O’Shaughnessy ◽  
Patricia O’Hara
Keyword(s):  
Social Enterprise ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Social Economy ◽  
Job Creation ◽  
Economic Recession ◽  
Social Enterprises ◽  
Policy Discourse ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Us ◽  
Work Integration

AbstractWhat is termed the social economy in Ireland includes charities, co-operatives, voluntary associations and non-profits. However, the label is not widely used to describe them collectively so that many organisations within the wider social economy do not identify themselves with, or even fully understand, the term. The concept of social enterprise first emerged in public policy discourse in the 1990s and, since then, has been mainly viewed as a mechanism of job creation/integration and service provision in disadvantaged communities. This perspective on social enterprise has been significantly influenced by European policy. By contrast, in Irish academic discourse, the interpretation of social enterprise is more varied due to the different influences of the US and European intellectual traditions. These variations have contributed to ambiguity about the social economy as a sector, and social enterprises as distinctive forms, and this has compromised attempts to estimate the scale and potential of the sector in Ireland to date. In 2013, as part of the policy response to the unemployment crisis of the economic recession, the Irish government commissioned an examination of the job-creation potential of social enterprise. The Forfás report offered a new official definition of social enterprise, characterised by many of the features of the EMES ideal type. Furthermore, the description and examples of social enterprises included in the report confirmed the dominance of one model of social enterprise in Ireland – the Work Integration Social Enterprise or WISE. The objective of this paper is to discuss how social economy and social enterprise are understood in Ireland and to explain how WISEs have evolved as the dominant Irish social enterprise model to date. The influence of the US (Salamon and Anheier 1997; Dees 1998) and European/EMES academic traditions (Pestoff 1998; Borzaga and Defourny 2001; Nyssens 2006; Defourny and Nyssens 2010, 2012) and EU and national policy perspectives, since the early 1990s, on Irish academic and policy discourse is discussed in this paper. It is argued that the adoption by successive Irish governments of a labour market integration approach, to supporting the development of the Irish social economy, since the early 1990s, has shaped the sector and contributed to the emergence of one dominant social enterprise type, the WISE. Some of the characteristics and impacts of Irish WISE are then discussed together with the challenges they face.

scholarly journals Waqf institutions as a framework for social enterprises in Islam

2021 ◽  
Vol 04 (07) ◽  
Author(s):  
Murtadho Ridwan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Entrepreneurship ◽  
Social Enterprises ◽  
Financial Capital ◽  
Social Programs ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Social Entrepreneurs ◽  
Content Analysis Method ◽  
The Social ◽  
Entrepreneurial Capital ◽  
The Impact

This study aims to interconnect the concept of waqf and social entrepreneurship. Interconnection is viewed from social entrepreneurial capital, social entrepreneurial profit and social entrepreneurship model. The data were obtained from the results of previous studies and were analyzed using the content analysis method. The results of the study show that the waqf institution obtains financial capital of people’s funds. Financial capital will increase the impact of public trust as the social capital for waqf institutions. Waqf institutions as Nazhirs are human capital that are required to improve their skills and abilities, especially in business sector. The waqf institutions income from social entrepreneurs are distributed for operational costs, social programs and reinvestment of waqf assets. There was a transformation of waqf institution into a social company as a result of the social enterprises that were carried out.

scholarly journals UNDERSTANDING SOCIAL ENTERPRISES IN INDONESIA:

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rokhima Rostiani ◽  
Widya Paramita ◽  
Handini Audita ◽  
Risa Virgosita ◽  
Teguh Budiarto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Social Entrepreneurship ◽  
Research Result ◽  
Social Enterprises ◽  
Social Entrepreneurs ◽  
Organizational Contexts ◽  
The Past ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprise ◽  
The Social ◽  
Medium Enterprise

Entrepreneurship has been one of the biggest growth topics in the past decades. Someentrepreneurs engage in socially active activities that are strongly embedded in their entrepreneurialactivities and are known as social entrepreneurship. This research maps the presence ofsocial enterprises in Indonesia by investigating the personal and organizational contexts of thesocial entrepreneurs. Qualitative research was conducted by engaging in in-depth interviewswith 8 social enterprises in Indonesia. The findings of this research result in a unique andinteresting map of the presence of the social entrepreneurs that contributes significantly to theextant literatures of social entrepreneurship.* We would like to thank the anonymous reviewer andparticipants in the APCBSS 2014 Conference for theinsightful discussions, comments and advice for thispaper.Keywords: Social entrepreneurship, small and medium enterprise, entrepreneurship, strategy

scholarly journals APPLICABILITY OF BUSINESS MODELS IN THE SOCIAL AND SOLIDARITY ECONOMY AMONG SOCIAL ENTERPRISES IN BULGARIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (Suppl.1) ◽  
pp. 350-353
Author(s):  
K. Stoyanov ◽  
G. Zhelyazkov
Keyword(s):  
Social Entrepreneurship ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Social Enterprises ◽  
Social Goals ◽  
Regulatory Environment ◽  
Solidarity Economy ◽  
The Social ◽  
External Conditions ◽  
The Difference

Social entrepreneurship in Bulgaria is known as a sector, but only a year ago it was legally recognized as a form of business activity. At the same time, the difference in the development of the sector in individual countries does not have a key influence on the implementation of the main activities and social goals of individual organizations. The existence of several business models, which are observed among enterprises in the social and solidarity economy sector, are in general not directly dependent on the regulatory environment in which they operate. This determines the ability to monitor the applicability of those business models in question under different external conditions. The article aims to look at how social enterprises in Bulgaria integrate the various business models, that are known in the sector and to what extent they are influenced by the existing legal framework in the country.

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