Professional conversations with children in divorce-related child welfare inquiries

Childhood ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 540-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolus van Nijnatten ◽  
Esli Jongen
Keyword(s):  
Child Welfare ◽  
Child Protection ◽  
Rights Of The Child ◽  
Dutch Child ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Way ◽  
Professional Conversations

Over the last few decades, the role of children in conversations about post-divorce arrangements has become more prominent. Children are approached as active participants in the (post-)divorce process rather than just victims of matrimonial and post-matrimonial discord. In accordance with the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child, children have the right to be informed about the procedures and are free to express their opinions. The focus of this study is the conversational position of children in the inquiry by the Dutch Child Protection Board in cases of divorce in which parents cannot reach an agreement about custody and visiting arrangements. This study presents an analysis of the interactions between the Board’s representatives and children, and examines the way the children are informed about procedures, their participatory role and the effects on their disclosures of their ideas and feelings about the events taking place in their family.

The adaptation of design thinking in auditing

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda MEIJER-WASSENAAR ◽  
Diny VAN EST
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Design Thinking ◽  
Public Organizations ◽  
Design Framework ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Way

How can a supreme audit institution (SAI) use design thinking in auditing? SAIs audit the way taxpayers’ money is collected and spent. Adding design thinking to their activities is not to be taken lightly. SAIs independently check whether public organizations have done the right things in the right way, but the organizations might not be willing to act upon a SAI’s recommendations. Can you imagine the role of design in audits? In this paper we share our experiences of some design approaches in the work of one SAI: the Netherlands Court of Audit (NCA). Design thinking needs to be adapted (Dorst, 2015a) before it can be used by SAIs such as the NCA in order to reflect their independent, autonomous status. To dive deeper into design thinking, Buchanan’s design framework (2015) and different ways of reasoning (Dorst, 2015b) are used to explore how design thinking can be adapted for audits.

scholarly journals The Role of Open and Distance Learning in the Implementation of the Right to Education in Zambia

2008 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Siaciwena ◽  
Foster Lubinda
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Distance Learning ◽  
Right To Education ◽  
Youth Policy ◽  
Child Rights ◽  
Rights Of The Child ◽  
Child Policy ◽  
Open And Distance Learning ◽  
The Right

As a member of the United Nations, Zambia is committed to the observance of human rights enshrined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights of 1948. This is evidenced, among others, by the fact that Zambia is a signatory to the Convention on the Rights of the Child and the African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child. Zambia has a permanent Human Rights Commission that includes a subcommittee on child rights whose focus is on child abuse and education. Zambia also has a National Child Policy and National Youth Policy whose main objectives are to holistically address problems affecting children and youth. This paper focuses on the progress and challenges currently facing Zambia and the role of open and distance learning in addressing those challenges.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF ADULT STUDENT’S INDIVIDUALITY IN OPTIMIZATION OF EDUCATIONAL PROCESS

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olha Serheieva
Keyword(s):  
Educational Process ◽  
Educational Groups ◽  
Effectiveness Of Training ◽  
Conducting Research ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Way

The article outlines the main criteria for determining the temperament of the student for the formation of educational groups in order to optimize the educational process. It describes the way of conducting research to identify the effectiveness of training students with a predominant phlegmatic type of temperament (introverts) and students with a predominant choleric type of temperament (extroverts) in separate academic groups. The article also touches upon the problem of the right to have a mistake as the only way to the educational growth of a person. The main results of the study are pointed out.

scholarly journals Skipan talsmanns fyrir börn – grundvöllur ákvörðunar og framkvæmd

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 313-332
Author(s):  
Hrefna Friðriksdóttir ◽  
Hafdís Gísladóttir
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Child Protection ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Democratic Society ◽  
Rights Of The Child ◽  
The Status ◽  
United Nations Convention ◽  
Child Friendly ◽  
The Right ◽  
International Instruments

In recent years there has been a growing interest in the rights of children in various justice systems. The interpretation of international instruments, such as the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child legalized in Iceland as law 19/2013, places a strong emphasis on strengthening the status of the child. The concept of child-friendly justice has emerged reflecting a vision of a justice system that has adapted to the interests and needs of children. A key element is ensuring the right of the child to participate, building on the notion that participation actively promotes their citizenship in a democratic society. The complexity of child protection cases makes it imperative to ensure that children get the assistance they need to communicate and be able to influence procedures. This article discusses the development of provisions in child protection laws on the appointment of spokespersons for children and represents the findings of a study done on such appointments with various child protection committees. The main results of this research indicate that the development of the law has been positive. The enforcement does not however reflect these develpments and there is a lack of formality, assessment and satisfactory argumentation.

Seeking Reconciliation

2020 ◽  
pp. 88-124
Author(s):  
Arzoo Osanloo
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Law ◽  
Cycle Of Violence ◽  
Considerable Influence ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Right ◽  
Legitimate Violence ◽  
Sense Of Power ◽  
The Way

This chapter studies the operations of the Iranian criminal law and analyzes how the procedural administration of the law animates the shariʻa. Iranian criminal laws provide many avenues for victims to forgo retributive sanctioning. But preserving the right of retribution serves several purposes: maintaining the sovereign's monopoly on legitimate violence, giving victims a sense of power, and halting the cycle of violence. The way Iran achieves this comprises an interesting balancing act between maintaining the monopoly over legitimate violence and granting individual victims the right of retribution, which its leaders believe, through their interpretation of the shariʻa, cannot be appropriated by the sovereign. Since the law categorizes intentional murder as qisas and leaves judges with no discretion in sentencing, the judges may use their considerable influence to pressure the family to forgo retribution. The chapter then considers the role of judges and examines how the laws (substantive and procedural) shape their reasoning and discretion in both sentencing and encouraging forbearance.

The Right to Health

2018 ◽  
pp. 231-264
Author(s):  
Sandra Fredman
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Final Section ◽  
Right To Health ◽  
Individual Rights ◽  
Personal Integrity ◽  
Human Right ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Way

Is health a human right? Many would maintain that it is not. On this view health and ill-health are due to natural causes, not to State actions. Others are concerned that health raises too many polycentric problems to be dealt with through justiciable human rights. These contestations have shaped the way in which the right to health is understood. Section II sketches out the health context. Section III considers jurisdictions in which there is no express right to health, but a right has been derived from rights to life, personal integrity, or privacy. Section IV contrasts this approach with jurisdictions with an express right to health. Section V examines the role of the right to equality, while section VI focuses on reproductive health. The final section returns to the challenges of polycentricity and the extent to which a justiciable right can address systemic issues rather than individual rights to medication.

Critique of Heron's Directional-Reading Conflict Theory of Scanning

1969 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 271-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Fudin
Keyword(s):  
Visual Field ◽  
Eye Movement ◽  
Left Visual Field ◽  
Critical Evaluation ◽  
Slight Modification ◽  
Conflict Theory ◽  
Right Visual Field ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Way

Heron (1957) proposed a theory of scanning of tachistoscopically presented alphabetical stimuli. It provided a unifying framework to interpret the disparate results obtained when a target is exposed such that half of it is in the left visual field and half in the right visual field, and when arrays are presented laterally, i.e., either in the right or left field. The theory basically holds that eye-movement tendencies established through reading are also operative in covert scanning because tachistoscopically exposed material is encoded in a manner similar to the way it is read. This paper accepts this position but offers a critical evaluation of Heron's ideas as to the manner in which these tendencies function. This discussion and a reexamination of the role of these tendencies in reading lead to the conclusion that they operate sequentially, not simultaneously, as Heron contended. A slight modification in Heron's theory is offered in light of this conclusion.

scholarly journals La Constitution canadienne et la protection des minorités ethniques

2005 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 171-188
Author(s):  
José Woehrling
Keyword(s):  
Financial Cost ◽  
Canadian Charter ◽  
Minorités Ethniques ◽  
National Characteristics ◽  
International Obligations ◽  
The Right ◽  
Principle Of Territoriality ◽  
The Way

Canada's international obligations for protecting minorities imply non discrimination and the establishment of means for allowing minorities to preserve and perpetuate their national characteristics. The author deals with the scope and role of the Canadian Charter in recognizing the value of « multiculturalism. » He presents the various obstacles that lay in the way of exercising the right to multiculturalism such as the financial cost for achieving it and the principle of « territoriality. »

Evolutionary factors influencing the nature of parasite specificity

Parasitology ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 109 (S1) ◽  
pp. S85-S95 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. L. Adamson ◽  
J. N. Caira
Keyword(s):  
Final Host ◽  
Feeding Styles ◽  
Host Defense System ◽  
Host Ecology ◽  
Parasite Evolution ◽  
The Right ◽  
Parasitic Association ◽  
Host Tissues ◽  
The Way

SUMMARYThis article considers how specificity patterns are shaped during the course of parasite evolution. Parasites are first and foremost specific to site, or microhabitat; host ranges are far more subject to change than is microhabitat. Specificity results from a number of convergent phenomena starting with habits (microhabitat and feeding styles) of free-living progenitors and the way in which the parasitic association arises (e.g., passive oral contamination as opposed to intrusive entry). These bias the types of interaction parasites have with the host, and, through this, the way specificity develops. Host ecology acts as an external factor affecting specificity and predominates in parasites that interact minimally with the hosts physiological and immune systems. Coevolutionary factors are more important in parasites that feed on host tissues or occur in extraintestinal sites. Here, parasites must present the right cues, and respond appropriately to the host defense system. The ability to generalize these cues and responses across host boundaries may act as a constraint on host range. The functional role of the host in the parasite life history also affects the degree of specificity; thus, parasites may act as host generalists in hosts that act as trophic channels to the final host. The role of competition in determining specificity is difficult to assess. However, competition has been reported to influence microhabitat and host distribution through interactive site selection and/or competitive seclusion.

scholarly journals INTERVENSI ANAK DALAM PERCERAIAN

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 185
Author(s):  
Firman Wahyudi
Keyword(s):  
Child Protection ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Divorce Rate ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Rights Of The Child ◽  
High Divorce Rate ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Right ◽  
Protection Commission ◽  
Husband And Wife

The high divorce rate in Indonesia sometimes result with positive and negative trends. Positive trend meant the rise of women to defend their rights as a wife that is often abused by her husband so divorce is the best solutions and alternatives. Trend downside besides destroying a family structure also carries a psychological impact, especially children in addition to great effect in socio-civic life. Legal divorce just look at issues from both parties (husband and wife) only, while the other family members in this case the child is not involved. Though the realm of the family consisting of a husband and wife and children. Child has a fundamental right within the family and also have the right to intervene to prevent his parents' divorce because he was the main victim of the divorce itself. Required a special advocate to defend the interests and rights of the child in his parents' divorce given the level of skill in the legal act has not been adequate. In this case the role and functions of the Indonesian Child Protection Commission (KPAI) is necessary in order to fulfill these rights.

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