Nexus between entrepreneurship education, motivations, and intention among Indian university students: The role of psychological and contextual factors

2021 ◽  
pp. 095042222110532
Author(s):  
Aamir Hassan ◽  
Imran Anwar ◽  
Ambreen Saleem ◽  
Wafa Rashid Alalyani ◽  
Imran Saleem
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Contextual Factors ◽  
Entrepreneurship Education ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intention ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Factor Analysis Model ◽  
Entrepreneurial Motivation ◽  
Entrepreneurial Motivations ◽  
The Impact

This study assesses the impact of different psychological and contextual factors on entrepreneurial motivations and the role of entrepreneurial motivations in determining the entrepreneurial intention of students at Indian universities. The paper also explores whether gender acts as a moderator in the entrepreneurial motivation–intention relationship. Cross-sectional data were collected by administering a questionnaire to 329 students who had received entrepreneurship education during their course program. A confirmatory factor analysis model was run to ensure the model’s fitness, reliability, and validity, while structural equation modelling was used to test the hypotheses. The study validates the following key findings. First, the psychological factors of perceived cultural support and entrepreneurship education foster entrepreneurial motivations, which help determine students’ entrepreneurial intention, whereas fear of failure negatively affects students’ entrepreneurial motivations. Second, the contextual factors of government support policies and access to entrepreneurial finance do not influence entrepreneurial motivations. Third, entrepreneurial motivations significantly enhance the entrepreneurial intention of students. Fourth, gender negatively moderates the entrepreneurial motivation–intention relationship. The study contributes to the literature on the entrepreneurial motivation–intention relationship using psychological and contextual factors and also explores the interaction effect of gender on that relationship.

scholarly journals Entrepreneurial intention of engineering students: the role of motivations and barriers

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. first
Author(s):  
Bich Huy Hai Bui ◽  
Minh Tien Pham
Keyword(s):  
Engineering Students ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intention ◽  
Statistical Regression ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
University Of Technology ◽  
Entrepreneurial Motivations ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of this study is to explore perceptions of entrepreneurial motivations and barriers and to assess their influence on the entrepreneurial intention of engineering students. Using data of 350 respondents who are students at HCMC University of Technology, VNU-HCM, the study identifies the key motives and barriers towards entrepreneurship. The data are then subjected to statistical regression in order to identify causal relationships between the motivations, barriers, and entrepreneurial intention. The results indicate that creativity, independence, and economic motivation have a positive impact on entrepreneurial intention and that the most important motivator for the entrepreneurial intention of engineering students is creativity. On the contrary, lack of knowledge is the only barrier (an internal barrier) that impedes the students' intention of entrepreneurship. These results imply that the students' entrepreneurial intention is more affected by internal factors (for both motivations and barriers) than external factors. In terms of the relative power of the effects of motives and barriers on students' entrepreneurial intention, the results suggest that the impact of motivations is generally more powerful than that of barriers. The findings have important implications for educators and policymakers.

scholarly journals How do gender disparities in entrepreneurial aspirations emerge in Pakistan? An approach to mediation and multi-group analysis

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0260437
Author(s):  
Ghulam Raza Sargani ◽  
Yuansheng Jiang ◽  
Deyi Zhou ◽  
Abbas Ali Chandio ◽  
Mudassir Hussain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Entrepreneurship Education ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intention ◽  
Subjective Norms ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Entrepreneurial Education ◽  
Male And Female

This cross-sectional study sought to identify gender differences in individual behavioral attitudes, personal traits, and entrepreneurial education based on planned behavior theory. The Smart partial least squares (PLS) structural equation model and PLS path modeling were used. A survey design was used to collect data from 309 samples using quantitative measures. The model was tested for validity and reliability and showed variance (full, R2 = 58.9% and split, R2 = 62.7% and R2 = 52.7%) in male and female model predictive power, respectively. Subjective norms (SN), personality traits (PT), and entrepreneurial education (EE) significantly impacted the male sample’s intention. Females’ intentions toward entrepreneurship was less affected by attitude toward behavior (ATB), subjective norms (SN), perceived behavioral control (PBC), and entrepreneurship education (EE). Further, attitudes, social norms, and behavioral controls as mediation variables indicate a significant and positive role of male and female intentions. These findings imply that behavioral beliefs (ATB, PBC, and SN) influence entrepreneurial intention-action translation. The results significantly supported the designed hypotheses and shed light on individual personality traits (PT) and entrepreneurship education (EE) underpinning enterprise intention. The study determined that EE and PT are the strongest predictors of intention, thus highlighting the role of these motives in the entrepreneurial process. This study contributes to the growing body of knowledge on youth entrepreneurs, expands our understanding of entrepreneurship as a practical career choice, and offers a novel account differentiating male and female PT. The drive to evaluate the effects of entrepreneurial intention among budding disparities in Pakistan requires a more profound knowledge of the aspects that endorse entrepreneurship as a choice of profession and enhances youth incentive abilities to engage in entrepreneurial activities based on exploitation.

scholarly journals Measuring Theory Planned Behavior of Students to Become Entrepreneurs (Case Study at School of Economic Pasundan Bandung, Indonesia)

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 131
Author(s):  
Dedi Hadian ◽  
Senen Machmud ◽  
Dudung Juhana ◽  
Iwan Sidharta
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Contextual Factors ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intention ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Economic Resilience ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Data Collection Technique ◽  
Student's Attitudes

Some research indicate the importance of increasing the number of entrepreneurs for a country's economic resilience. Increased reliable entrepreneurs can not be separated from the role of universities in preparing graduates in accordance with the competencies they must have. Thus there is a need for a study of the factors that influence students to choose a career as a reliable entrepreneur. This study aims to determine the attitude factors, contextual factors, and gender factors that affect the intention of students to become entrepreneurs. Exploratory research methods of data analysis were using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) and component-based Partial Least Squares (PLS). Total respondents were 269 students with the data collection technique of accidental sampling. The results showed that the attitude factors influence positively the entrepreneurial intention by 32.3%, the influence of contextual factors 26.2%. Moreover, the gender factors influence student’s attitudes towards intentions to become entrepreneurs but do not affect the contextual factors on the intention of students to become entrepreneurs.

scholarly journals The influence of entrepreneurial passion in the relationship between creativity and entrepreneurial intention

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Majid Murad ◽  
Cai Li ◽  
Muhammad Munir ◽  
Sheikh Farhan Ashraf ◽  
Surhbi Arora
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intention ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Entrepreneurial Passion ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Practical Implications

Abstract This article aims to identify the impact of creativity on entrepreneurial intention with the mediating role of entrepreneurial passion. This study applied the SEM-structural equation modeling technique to test the hypotheses on a sample of 390 university students from Pakistan. The findings of the study revealed that creativity positively and significantly influenced entrepreneurial intention. The results also indicated that entrepreneurial passion partially mediates in the relationship between creativity and entrepreneurial intention. The results of the study made an innovative contribution to Pakistan’s higher education sector, researchers, and policymakers to unlock the hidden potential of its youth and further contribute to designing the relevant practical implications.

scholarly journals Investigating the effect of motivation on entrepreneurial intention: three different approaches

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 200-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dedi Purwana ◽  
Usep Suhud
Keyword(s):  
Public Service ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intention ◽  
Vocational School ◽  
School Students ◽  
Muslim Students ◽  
Entrepreneurial Motivation ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Impact

This study aims to measure the impact of entrepreneurial motivation on the entrepreneurial intention of Muslim vocational school students. There is a lack of scholarly attention focusing on the Muslim students in the entrepreneurship field of the study. There were three models to be tested in this study. The first model covered six dimensions of motivation linked directly to entrepreneurial intention. The second model grouped the dimensions under the motivation variable. The third model linked taking motivation to giving motivation and giving motivation to entrepreneurial intention. Data were collected from 626 vocational school students in Jakarta. The exploratory and structural equation models were used for data analysis. This study found that, in the first model tested, “entrepreneur is cool” dimension had a significant effect on entrepreneurial intention. In the second model tested, “entrepreneurial is cool”, “financial freedom”, and “public service” dimensions represented entrepreneurial motivation that could predict Muslim students’ entrepreneurial intention. In the third model, taking motivation significantly affected giving motivation and giving motivation significantly affected intention. Recommendations for educators and future study are discussed.

Individual entrepreneurial orientation, entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurial intention: The mediating role of entrepreneurial motivations

2021 ◽  
pp. 095042222110070
Author(s):  
Aamir Hassan ◽  
Imran Anwar ◽  
Imran Saleem ◽  
K.M. Baharul Islam ◽  
Syed Abid Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Entrepreneurial Orientation ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Entrepreneurship Education ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intention ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Individual Entrepreneurial Orientation ◽  
Entrepreneurial Motivations

This paper examines the direct and indirect roles of individual entrepreneurial orientation and entrepreneurship education in determining students’ entrepreneurial intention through the mediation of entrepreneurial motivations. The study also attempts to ascertain the influence of entrepreneurship education on individual entrepreneurial orientation. Cross-sectional data were collected from 323 university students using the convenience sampling method. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to assess the model fitness and the reliability and validity of the data while hypotheses were tested using structural equation modeling. The findings affirm that entrepreneurship education facilitates both individual entrepreneurial orientation and entrepreneurial motivations and also has a positive association with entrepreneurial intention. More importantly, entrepreneurial motivations significantly mediate individual ‘entrepreneurial orientation–entrepreneurial intention’ and ‘entrepreneurship education–entrepreneurial intention’ relationships. The findings provide practical support for the framing of new educational policies to assist students in their existing and future entrepreneurial projects. The study contributes to the literature by recognizing the mediating effect of entrepreneurial motivations on the above relationships. It also adds to the scarce literature on the lately recognized individual entrepreneurial orientation construct.

scholarly journals The Impact of Entrepreneurial Intentions & Actions on Environmental Sustainability: The Case of SMEs in Cameroon.

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (02) ◽  
pp. 1596-1609
Author(s):  
Alain Vilard Ndi Isoh ◽  
Ongia Cheyenne Fongum ◽  
Nkam Michael Cho
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Perceived Control ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intention ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽  
Response Strategy ◽  
Entrepreneurial Alertness ◽  
Entrepreneurial Action ◽  
The Impact

The importance of corporate social responsibility is shaping investment decisions and entrepreneurial actions in diverse perspectives. The rapid growth of SMEs has tremendous impacts on the environment. Nonetheless, the economic emergence plan of Cameroon has prompted government support of SMEs through diverse projects. This saw economic growth increased to 3.8% and unemployment dropped to 4.3% caused by the expansion of private sector investments. The dilemma that necessitated this study is the response strategy of SMEs operators towards environmental sustainability. This study, thus seeks to examine the effects of entrepreneurial intentions and actions on environmental sustainability. The research is a conclusive case study design supported by the philosophical underpins of objectivism ontology and positivism epistemology. Data was sourced from four hundred (400) SMEs operators purposively sampled from the Centre and Littoral regions of Cameroon using structured questionnaire. Data was analysed using the Structural Equation Modelling technique with the aid of statistical packages including: SPSS 24 and AMOS 23.  The study revealed that entrepreneurial action has weak positive statistical significant impacts on environmental sustainability; whereas entrepreneurial intention has strong positive statistical significant effects on environmental sustainability. Entrepreneurial intention comprised of self-efficacy and perceived control whereas, entrepreneurial actions involved entrepreneurial alertness and uncertainty. This study concludes that entrepreneurs in Cameroon have sustainable intentions to protect the environment but; the current actions taken are inadequate. This research recommends that entrepreneurs should enhance efforts toward attaining the state of genuine sustainability. Keywords: Entrepreneurial Intention, Entrepreneurial Actions, Cameroon, Genuine sustainability

Examining the Impact of Contextual Factors in Brand Relationship Initiation and Maintenance: Evidence from Bottom of Pyramid Markets

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-97
Author(s):  
Shubhomoy Banerjee ◽  
Ateeque Shaikh
Keyword(s):  
Brand Loyalty ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Contextual Factors ◽  
Brand Trust ◽  
Brand Relationships ◽  
Relationship Initiation ◽  
Bottom Of Pyramid ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Distribution Intensity

AbstractThis study examines the impact of contextual factors on brand trust, brand loyalty and cross-buying from the perspective of the bottom of pyramid rural consumers in India. Two important contextual factors – distribution intensity and outshopping orientation – were used as the contextual factors. Effects of distribution intensity in the initiation and maintenance of consumer–brand relationships are first examined. Further, it explores the moderating role of in versus outshopping orientation in the formation and maintenance of long-term relationships between consumers and brands in bottom of pyramid markets. Data collected from 478 consumers in three villages in Gujarat, India, were analysed using structural equation modelling technique to test the hypothesized relationships using IBM AMOS 23 software. Distribution Intensity was found to positively influence brand trust. Brand trust was found to mediate the relationships between distribution intensity and brand loyalty and distribution intensity and cross buying. The importance of distribution intensity in relationship initiation was more pronounced for consumers who shopped from local retailers than those who did not. The study underlines the importance of distribution intensity of brands a relationship-based marketing strategy, especially in those products, where the switching costs are low. This study establishes the role of contextual factors in the formation and maintenance of consumer–brand relationships in the bottom of pyramid markets.

scholarly journals Impact of dark tetrad personality traits on nascent entrepreneurial behavior: the mediating role of entrepreneurial intention

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Cai ◽  
Majid Murad ◽  
Sheikh Farhan Ashraf ◽  
Shumaila Naz
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intention ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Entrepreneurial Behavior ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe impact of negative personality traits on entrepreneurial intention and entrepreneurial behavior has become a research focus in the field of entrepreneurship. This study aimed to identify the influence of dark tetrad personality traits on the nascent entrepreneurial behavior and the mediating role of entrepreneurial intention. This study used partial least square-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) to test the hypotheses on a sample of 347 undergraduate and postgraduate university students from China. The results of this study revealed that narcissism, psychopathy, Machiavellianism, and sadism have a positive and significant influence on nascent entrepreneurial behavior and entrepreneurial intention, which significantly partially mediates the relationship between dark tetrad and nascent entrepreneurial behavior. The finding of the study implies China’s higher education and policymakers to unlock the hidden potential of its youth. This study contributes to the emerging literature on psychology and entrepreneurship and provides evidence that individuals with a high level of dark tetrad are more likely to be involved in entrepreneurial action.

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