The process of developing decentralised energy policies in the City of London

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 639-647
Author(s):  
Andjela Lazarević
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Energy Planning ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Energy Policies ◽  
Low Carbon Economy ◽  
Advanced Economies ◽  
Energy Options ◽  
City Of London

Unlike developing countries, advanced economies combine top-down and bottom-up approach for strategic planning and consider energy policy in the wider scope of spatial planning. In order to better align planning policies in different sectors, the authorities have transferred decision making from the central government to the local communities. This paper provides a brief overview of the London’s strategic spatial and energy policies, examining how they fit within more general visions and objectives. Past and future approaches to the spatial and energy planning were also analysed, with respect to the legal documents that supported actions of different government levels. This paper presents decentralised energy planning and supply in London, highlighting the significance of experience and lessons learned in the development of decentralised energy options for developing countries, willing to engage their resources to contribute to a low carbon economy in accordance with their financial and other possibilities.

scholarly journals Energy Retrofitting Opportunities Using Renewable Materials—Comparative Analysis of the Current Frameworks in Bosnia-Herzegovina and Slovenia

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 603
Author(s):  
Darija Gajić ◽  
Slobodan Peulić ◽  
Tim Mavrič ◽  
Anna Sandak ◽  
Črtomir Tavzes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Resource Exploitation ◽  
Renewable Materials ◽  
Building Stock ◽  
Low Carbon Economy ◽  
Eu Member States

Sustainable approaches for retrofitting buildings for energy efficiency are becoming necessary in a time when the building sector is the largest energy consumer. Retrofitting building stock is effective for reducing global energy consumption and decreasing resource exploitation. Less developed EU member states and neighboring developing countries show reluctance towards healthy and renewable materials. Implementation of sustainable materials for energy retrofitting is slowed down due to gaps in legislation and effective strategic programs, availability of bio-based materials, lack of knowledge regarding use and maintenance of renewable products, and marketing lobbies. Use of bio-based materials in refurbishment is important due to their negative or low global warming potential (GWP), low primary energy (PEI) need for production, cost-effective benefits, and recycling/reuse potential. Role of environmentally friendly solutions and low-carbon economy growth is particularly relevant in developing countries, such as Bosnia-Herzegovina, that cannot afford innovative energy recovery systems, yet possess a significant amount of poorly managed building stock. This research aims to analyze frameworks regarding retrofitting of residential buildings in Bosnia-Herzegovina and Slovenia. The analysis tackles indirect causes, studies the legal background, and examines strategic frameworks; thus, it indicates potential barriers for implementation of recommended retrofitting solutions based on renewable materials.

scholarly journals Energy Planning and Sustainable Biogas Production Prospect with in Residential Quarters in Developing Countries

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 3084-3089
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Hydrogen Sulphide ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Energy Planning ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
Production Of Hydrogen ◽  
Algae Growth ◽  
Residential Quarters

The prospects of biogas as a major energy option to alleviate the energy needs in Africa is huge based on its teeming population. However, the main source of biogas i.e. human excretal is being neglected, thereby loosing resource worth 500 MW of electricity. This research is geared towards estimating the accruable biogas that can be harnessed in a typical student hostel in a developing country. The data was collected at the main chamber of the hostel. The estimation of the optimized state of methane, hydrogen sulphide and carbon dioxide is given as 12%, 0.94% and 4.42% respectively. It was also affirmed that the algae growth on the walls of the sewage line is responsible for the low carbon dioxide values. Also, it was reported that the production of hydrogen sulphide gas is predictable, as it is not directly related to the concentration of microorganism in the sewage chamber. This research gives an eye-opener on biogas wastage in developing countries

scholarly journals Building Effective Clusters and Industrial Parks

2019 ◽  
pp. 290-308
Author(s):  
Xiaobo Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Industrial Districts ◽  
Industrial Park ◽  
International Firms ◽  
Know How ◽  
Industrial Parks ◽  
Informational Advantage

This chapter discusses some of the strategies that are commonly used to build effective clusters and industrial parks. Industrial districts (clusters) offer three major advantages: better access to suppliers and markets, labour market pooling, and spillovers of technological know-how. Compared to the central government, local governments are in a better position to identify and solve the bottlenecks that affect clusters and industrial parks, mainly because of their informational advantage. The chapter first provides an overview of clusters and industrial parks before analysing the experiences of—and the lessons learned by—developing countries such as China in building them. Four strategies to increase the chances of success of a cluster and industrial park are highlighted: targeting international firms, targeting grouped businesses, incentivizing first movers, and adopting a step-by-step approach. The chapter also considers a number of reasons why clusters and industrial parks failed in countries like India, Egypt, and Senegal.

scholarly journals From Megawatts to Kilowatts: A Review of Small Wind Turbine Applications, Lessons From The US to Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 2760 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caio Cesar Moreira Chagas ◽  
Marcio Giannini Pereira ◽  
Luiz Pinguelli Rosa ◽  
Neilton Fidelis da Silva ◽  
Marcos Aurélio Vasconcelos Freitas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Financial Incentives ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
The United States ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Power Grids ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Low Carbon Economy

Increased use of fossil fuels has contributed to global warming due to greenhouse gas emissions, which has led countries to implement policies that favor the gradual replacement of their use with renewable energy sources. Wind expansion in Brazil is a success story, but its adherence to distributed generation is still a big challenge. In this context, the authors of this paper argue that the development of robust and viable distributed power grids will also depend in the future on improving small wind generation as an important alternative to the diversity of decentralized power grids. In this study, the authors present an overview of the small-sized Aeolic (or wind) energy market in Brazil, with the objective to support the debate regarding its expansion. Promoting the small wind market in Brazil is still a big challenge, but lessons can be learned from the United States. In this context, the article uses the United States learning curve, analyzing barriers that were found, as well as public policies implemented to overcome them. The lessons learned in the American market may guide public policies aimed at fostering this technology in Brazil. If technological improvements, certification and introduction of financial incentives were implemented in Brazil, the small wind industry chain could grow substantially, building a trajectory to promote the low carbon economy.

Low Carbon Energy Innovations Systems in Natural Resource Rich Developing Countries

2016 ◽  
pp. 228-243
Author(s):  
André Tosi Furtado
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Great Majority ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Low Carbon Economy ◽  
Energy Technologies ◽  
Innovation Mode ◽  
Low Carbon Energy ◽  
And Diffusion ◽  
Carbon Economy

The transition to low carbon economy requires deep changes in the energy systems of the great majority of developing countries. However, only a small group of these countries is engaging significant efforts to develop renewable energies. The success in the diffusion of renewable energy technologies requires dynamic systems of innovation. In this chapter we analyze the recent evolution Brazilian sugarcane innovation system that was pioneering in the development and diffusion of bioethanol. This system is increasingly challenged by the acceleration of the technological regime, which is provoked by the energy crisis and the transition to the low carbon economy. The Brazilian innovation system has different capacities to cope with this challenge. In this chapter we differentiate the agriculture subsystem, which function in a STI (Science, Technology, and Innovation) mode from the industrial subsystem, which operates in a DIU (Doing, Using, and Interacting) mode. The agricultural subsystem has demonstrated a better ability to cope with the technological challenges of the new biotech research methodologies while the capital goods industry has much less propensity to deal with the second generation technologies for bioethanol. We describe also the present ethanol supply crises and its probable causes.

The e-government paradox in post-Soviet countries

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 600-615 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin Knox ◽  
Saltanat Janenova
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Public Services ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Practical Implication ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the emergence of e-government in post-Soviet countries using Kazakhstan as a case study. Extant research on e-government in developing countries highlights significant benefits including improved public services, reduced corruption, and more open and inclusive government. The paper asserts the presence of an e-government paradox which limits its potential to improve public services. Design/methodology/approach Primary data were collected from a number of sources: 6 focus groups with central government agencies, local authorities and civil society organisations; 25 structured and semi-structured interviews; and participant observation. Findings The research finds evidence of an e-government paradox in five forms: an emphasis on technological development; transactional services are faster but have displaced attention from core public services; petty corruption has been reduced but grand corruption remains; isomorphic mimicry; and greater participation by citizens has been limited. Research limitations/implications The focus of the research is Kazakhstan. Applying the lessons learned to other post-Soviet countries has limitations given their different stages of development since independence. Practical implications The key practical implication of this research is that countries can become absorbed by e-government technology without questioning the fundamental business model which underpins how public services are delivered. Ultimately, this impacts on the social value of e-government. Originality/value While existing research has examined how e-government has been implemented in developing countries, this paper focusses on Kazakhstan as an authoritarian state with wider implications for post-Soviet countries.

China's Small Hydropower CDM Projects Development on Low-Carbon Economy Era

2010 ◽  
Vol 108-111 ◽  
pp. 156-161
Author(s):  
Li Ming
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
International Cooperation ◽  
Kyoto Protocol ◽  
Clean Development Mechanism ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Small Hydropower ◽  
Low Carbon Economy ◽  
Carbon Economy

Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) is an international cooperation mechanisms based on the "Kyoto Protocol". Through CDM, developed and developing countries can reach a win-win in achieving sustainable development and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. There is no doubt low-carbon economy has brought new opportunities for CDM projects. Through CDM theory, this paper studied on the feasibility of small hydropower CDM projects, the benefits of small hydropower CDM projects, as well as development procedures of small hydropower CDM project.

Low Carbon Economy and Sustainable Energy Development in Rural Areas of Sichuan Province, China

2012 ◽  
Vol 476-478 ◽  
pp. 824-827 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen Bao
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Sustainable Energy ◽  
Energy Development ◽  
Sichuan Province ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Low Carbon Economy ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Options

Sichuan Province faces several development challenges including those linked to climate change. Energy usage in Sichuan Province, for example, is already constrained because of a range of development challenges (energy availability; access; affordability of alternative energy sources; and a range of health impacts, including air pollution). There calls for a transition to a low carbon energy options. Although the major obstacles preventing people from discontinuing domestic traditional biomass fuels or coal combustion are poverty, the ready availability and social acceptability of energy options cannot be underrated. This paper therefore highlights some of the persistent challenges associated with sustainable energy transitions in Sichuan Province. We aim to explore how renewable and low-carbon energies can maintain sustainable rural energy development and partially replace fossil fuels development in rural areas of Sichuan Province and thereby serve as mitigation options is a possible future transition towards a low-carbon system relying on renewable and low-carbon energies.

scholarly journals From standard jobs to ‘green jobs’: a strategy for developing markets

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 219-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexis Esposto ◽  
John Annakis
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Environmental Conservation ◽  
Job Skills ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Green Jobs ◽  
Skill Sets ◽  
Low Carbon Economy ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
Carbon Economy

Like many developing countries, Thailand is currently coping with a host of environmental challenges and a need to reduce carbon emissions. To tackle this challenge, Thailand has produced policies designed to enhance environmental conservation. However, without the development of its labour force with suitable and up to date job skills this challenge becomes difficult to achieve. This paper presents a rationale for the emergence of green occupations as a means of transitioning Thailand’s tourism sector into a low carbon economy. A mechanism for achieving this goal is by training and retraining the workforce with a set of well-defined green knowledge and skill sets. These can be developed through the development and implementation of ‘green competencies’. This paper presents a methodology of how to transition a standard job into a green job in the tourism sector by developing green sustainable competencies

scholarly journals Carbon Trading Scheme in the People's Republic of China: Evaluating the Performance of Seven Pilot Projects

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xing Chen ◽  
Jintao Xu
Keyword(s):  
Central Government ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
People’S Republic Of China ◽  
Synthetic Control ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
People's Republic Of China ◽  
Pilot Projects ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
Trading Scheme

The People's Republic of China (PRC) launched seven emissions trading scheme (ETS) pilot projects in 2013–2014 to explore a cost-effective approach for low-carbon development. The central government subsequently announced its plans for the full-fledged implementation of ETS in the entire PRC in late 2017. To ensure the success of ETS in the PRC, it is necessary to gain a better understanding of the experiences and lessons learned in the pilot projects. In this paper, we provide a policy overview of the seven pilot projects, including policy design, legislative basis, and market performance. We use the synthetic control method to evaluate the carbon mitigation effect of each of the seven ETS pilots. Our findings are that success has been limited and uneven across the pilot projects, which warrants deeper evaluation of the differences between them and caution in scheme expansion. Results from the analysis also shed light on policy improvements that can benefit the nationwide development of ETS.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document