Controls on lake level in the early to mid Holocene, Hawes Water, Lancashire, UK

The Holocene ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 1061-1072 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.T. Jones ◽  
J.D. Marshall ◽  
E. Fisher ◽  
J. Hatton ◽  
C. Patrick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lake Level ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Anthropogenic Activity ◽  
Lake Levels ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
The Holocene ◽  
Rising Sea Levels ◽  
New Interpretation ◽  
Radiocarbon Chronology ◽  
High Level

This study presents a new interpretation of the evidence for Holocene lake-level changes from Hawes Water in NW England constrained by detailed stratigraphic data, radiocarbon chronology and palaeo-environmental evidence. Lake levels are seen to decline gradually from the start of the Holocene through to 9960 cal. yr BP, in response to lake infilling and the prevailing dry climatic conditions. Low lake levels then persist until 6000 cal. yr BP, punctuated by two transgressive phases. Rising sea levels during the Holocene high-level sea stand are thought to be responsible for a major rise in lake level at 6000 cal. yr BP driven by changes in the local water-table. The rise in lake level is coincident with a rise in anthropogenic activity across the site, possibly reflecting the migration of coastal Mesolithic communities inland in response to rising sea levels.

scholarly journals Diatom Stratigraphy of FA-1 Core, Qarun Lake, Records of Holocene Environmental and Climatic Change in Faiyum Oasis, Egypt

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdelfattah A. Zalat ◽  
Leszek Marks ◽  
Fabian Welc ◽  
Alaa Salem ◽  
Jerzy Nitychoruk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lake Level ◽  
Late Holocene ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Anthropogenic Activity ◽  
Diatom Assemblages ◽  
The Holocene ◽  
Arid Conditions ◽  
Diatom Stratigraphy ◽  
Early And Middle Holocene

Abstract This study evaluates changes in the environmental and climatic conditions in the Faiyum Oasis during the Holocene based on diatom analyses of the sediment FA-1 core from the southern seashore of the Qarun Lake. The studied FA-1 core was 26 m long and covered the time span ca. 9.000 cal. yrs BP. Diatom taxa were abundant and moderately to well-preserved throughout the core sediments. Planktonic taxa were most abundant than the benthic and epiphytic forms, which were very rare and sparsely distributed. The most dominant planktonic genera were Aulacoseira and Stephanodiscus followed by frequently distribution of Cyclostephanos and Cyclotella species. The stratigraphic distribution patterns of the recorded diatoms through the Holocene sediments explained five ecological diatom groups. These groups represent distinctive environmental conditions, which were mainly related to climatic changes through the early and middle Holocene, in addition to anthropogenic activity during the late Holocene. Comparison of diatom assemblages in the studied sediment core suggests that considerable changes occurred in water level as well as salinity. There were several high stands of the freshwater lake level during humid, warmer-wet climatic phases marked by dominance of planktonic, oligohalobous and alkaliphilous diatoms alternated with lowering of the lake level and slight increases in salinity and alkalinity during warm arid conditions evident by prevalence of brackish water diatoms.

scholarly journals Radiocarbon Chronology of the Holocene Dead Sea: Attempting a Regional Correlation

Radiocarbon ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 1179-1189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amos Frumkin ◽  
Galit Kadan ◽  
Yehouda Enzel ◽  
Yehuda Eyal
Keyword(s):  
Dead Sea ◽  
Salt Diapir ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
The Holocene ◽  
Regional Correlation ◽  
Basin Scale ◽  
The Dead ◽  
Radiocarbon Chronology ◽  
High Level

Holocene sedimentary and geomorphic sequences from the Dead Sea region, Israel, are compared by correlation of more than 50 radiocarbon dates. The 14C dates provided the chronological basis that enabled us to detect basin-scale events that are hard to ascertain in single-site records. This paper is the first attempt to compare different Holocene records from several sites along the Dead Sea, based on their chrono-stratigraphy. Included is the first publication of the paleoclimatic record of the Nahal Darga ephemeral stream valley. Such a regional compilation is needed, because only the integration and comparative evaluation of several records can produce a reliable climatic history by establishing the height of former Dead Sea levels that may be complicated by tectonics and the rise of Mount Sedom. A relatively high level of the Holocene Dead Sea occurred during the mid-Holocene around 4400 BP or about 3000 cal BCE after calibration. The lake level fell sharply around 4000 BP, i.e. 2500 cal BCE, and later fluctuated close to early 20th century levels. The 14C-based correlation is also used to estimate the rising rates of the Mount Sedom salt diapir that are apparently smaller than 10 mm per year.

scholarly journals Variations in Lake Levels during the Holocene in North America: An Indicator of Changes in Atmospheric Circulation Patterns

2007 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. P. Harrison ◽  
S. E. Metcalfe
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
General Circulation ◽  
Lake Level ◽  
Data Bank ◽  
Relative Depth ◽  
Lake Levels ◽  
Regional Patterns ◽  
Air Mass ◽  
The Holocene ◽  
Lake Status

ABSTRACT Fluctuations in the extent of closed lakes provide a detailed record of regional and continental variations in mean annual water budget. The temporal sequence of hydrological fluctuations during the Holocene in North America has been reconstructed using information from the Oxford Lake-Level Data Bank. This data base includes 67 basins from the Americas north of the equator. Maps of lake status, an index of relative depth, are presented for the period 10,000 to 0 yr BP. The early Holocene was characterised by increasingly arid conditions, which led to widespread low lake levels in the mid-latitudes by 9,000 yr BP. By 6,000 yr BP this zone of low lakes extended from 32o to 51oN. Many of the features of the present day lake-level pattern, particularly high lake levels north of 46oN and along the eastern seaboard, were established by 3.000 yr BP. Four distinctive regional patterns of lake behaviour through time are apparent. Histograms of lake status from 20,000 to 0 yr BP are presented for each of these regions. They illustrate the temporal patterns of lake-level fluctuations on a time scale of 103 — 104 yr. Changes in lake status over North America are interpreted as indicating displacements in major features of the general circulation, specifically the zonal Westerlies and the Equatorial Trough, as reflected by changes in air mass trajectories and hence the position of air mass boundaries over the continent.

Late Quaternary Climate and Vegetation of the Sudanian Zone of Northeast Nigeria

2002 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrich Salzmann ◽  
Philipp Hoelzmann ◽  
Irena Morczinek
Keyword(s):  
Environmental History ◽  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Lake Levels ◽  
The Holocene ◽  
Quaternary Climate ◽  
History Of ◽  
Sudanian Zone ◽  
Humid Period

AbstractThe Lake Tilla crater lake in northeastern Nigeria (10°23′N, 12°08′E) provides a ca. 17,000 14C yr multiproxy record of the environmental history of a Sudanian savanna in West Africa. Evaluation of pollen, diatoms, and sedimentary geochemistry from cores suggests that dry climatic conditions prevailed throughout the late Pleistocene. Before the onset of the Holocene, the slow rise in lake levels was interrupted by a distinct dry event between ca. 10,900 and 10,500 14C yr B.P., which may coincide with the Younger Dryas episode. The onset of the Holocene is marked by an abrupt increase in lake levels and a subsequent spread of Guinean and Sudanian tree taxa into the open grass savanna that predominated throughout the Late Pleistocene. The dominance of the mountain olive Olea hochstetteri suggests cool climatic conditions prior to ca. 8600 14C yr B.P. The early to mid-Holocene humid period culminated between ca. 8500 and 7000 14C yr B.P. with the establishment of a dense Guinean savanna during high lake levels. Frequent fires were important in promoting the open character of the vegetation. The palynological and palaeolimnological data demonstrate that the humid period terminated after ca. 7000 14C yr B.P. in a gradual decline of the precipitation/evaporation ratio and was not interrupted by abrupt climatic events. The aridification trend intensified after ca. 3800 14C yr B.P. and continued until the present.

scholarly journals The catastrophic final flooding of Doggerland by the Storegga Slide tsunami

2008 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 1-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernhard Weninger ◽  
Rick Schulting ◽  
Marcel Bradtmöller ◽  
Lee Clare ◽  
Mark Collard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Continental Shelf ◽  
North Sea ◽  
Submarine Landslide ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
The Holocene ◽  
The North ◽  
Coastal Margin ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Rising Sea Levels ◽  
Storegga Slide

Around 8200 calBP, large parts of the now submerged North Sea continental shelf (‘Doggerland’) were catastrophically flooded by the Storegga Slide tsunami, one of the largest tsunamis known for the Holocene, which was generated on the Norwegian coastal margin by a submarine landslide. In the present paper, we derive a precise calendric date for the Storegga Slide tsunami, use this date for reconstruction of contemporary coastlines in the North Sea in relation to rapidly rising sea-levels, and discuss the potential effects of the tsunami on the contemporaneous Mesolithic population. One main result of this study is an unexpectedly high tsunami impact assigned to the western regions of Jutland.

scholarly journals The Driving Forces Underlying Spatiotemporal Lake Extent Changes in the Inner Tibetan Plateau During the Holocene

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiangjun Liu ◽  
David Madsen ◽  
Xiaojian Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Lake Level ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Early Holocene ◽  
Water Vapor Transport ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Lake Levels ◽  
The Holocene ◽  
Spatial Differences

The Inner Tibetan Plateau (ITP), the central and western part of the Tibetan Plateau (TP), covers about one-fourth of the entire TP and contains more than 800 endorheic lakes larger than 1 km2. These lakes are important water reservoirs and sensitive to TP climate changes. They regulate regional water circulations, and further influence local ecosystems. Many lakes in ITP are surrounded by conspicuous paleoshorelines indicating much higher past lake levels. Previous studies found that lakes in the western ITP (west of ∼86°E) apparently expanded to higher levels than those to the east during the Holocene high lake level stage, however, there is no in-depth study on the reasons for the spatial differences of high lake levels within the ITP. In this study, we first identify Holocene lake level (or lake extent) changes over the ITP by combining published lake level variation data with our reconstruction of Dagze Co lake level variations. We then investigate spatial differences in the magnitude of lake expansions and explore the underlying forces driving these differences using the transient climate evolution of the last 21 ka (TraCE-21ka) and Kiel Climate Model (KCM) simulation results. We find that lakes in the ITP expanded to their highest levels during the early Holocene when the Indian summer monsoon (ISM) greatly intensified. After the mid-Holocene, lake levels fell as a result of the weakening of the ISM. The early Holocene northward shift of the westerly jet and a positive phase of the Atlantic multidecadal oscillation (AMO) resulted in the intensification of southwesterly winds on the southwest TP flank. Concurrently, westerly winds over the TP weakened, causing a differential increase in water vapor transport to the ITP with higher precipitation levels in the southwestern ITP and lower levels to the northeast. These wind-driven differential precipitation levels caused lakes in the southwestern ITP to expand to higher levels than those in the central, northern and northeastern ITP. During the early Holocene, expansion of lakes in the northwestern ITP was enhanced by an increase in glacier melt water besides the increased summer rainfall associated with the intensified ISM.

scholarly journals Global Warming - Its Causes & Effects

2009 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-25
Author(s):  
Nalinakashi M. A. ◽  
Nagaraja Rao C. ◽  
S. Sundareshan
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Climatic Changes ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Rising Sea Levels ◽  
Heating Up

One of the most current and widely discussed factors, which could lead to the ultimate end of existence of Earth and man, is global warming and its devastating effects. Scientists have asked how fast the Earth is heating up, and how the warming effects on Earth may affect crops and climatic conditions. Several current trends clearly demonstrate that global warming is directly impacting on; rising sea levels, the melting of icecaps, and significant worldwide climatic changes. This article will i) explains the degree of destruction caused by global warming; contributing factors to warming, and ii) discusses what we can do to prevent the rate of increase in global warming.

Geomorphology of the lakebed and sediment deposition during the Holocene in Lake Visovac

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolina Ilijanić ◽  
Slobodan Miko ◽  
Ozren Hasan ◽  
Dea Brunović ◽  
Martina Šparica Miko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Lake Sediment ◽  
National Park ◽  
Lake Level ◽  
Evolutionary Dynamics ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Sediment Cores ◽  
Depositional Environments ◽  
Lake Levels ◽  
The Holocene

<p>Lake Visovac is a tufa barrier lake on the Krka River between Roški slap (60 m asl) and Skradinski buk (46 m absl) waterfalls, included in the Krka national park as primarily unaltered area of exceptional natural value. Paleolimnological research was conceived to address a lake evolution and depositional environments through the geophysical survey and collection of the lake sediment cores. A high-resolution bathymetric map was obtained using a multibeam sonar. The average lake depth varies between 20 and 25 m. Sediment cores were investigated to extract physical properties, sedimentological, mineralogical, geochemical and paleoecological records constrained by the radiocarbon chronology, to understand what was happening to both the landscapes and lakescapes of Lake Visovac during the last 2.000 cal yr.</p><p>Significant findings of the project are geomorphological features on the lake bottom: submerged sinkholes of various sizes (up to 40 m deep); submerged tufa barriers in the area of Kalički kuk (southern part of Lake Visovac) at the depths of 15 and 17 m, followed by a series of buried cascade tufa barriers at the depth of 25 m covered with up to 10 m of Holocene lake sediments; submerged vertical tufa barrier up to 32 m-high near the mouth of Čikola River; submerged landslides, small (river) fan structures characterized by sediment waves. Ground-penetrating-radar (GPR) data have been acquired due to the presence of gas-saturated sediments over a large area of the lake, that limited the use of high-resolution acoustic profiling. A total thickness of sediments is up to 40 m. High resolution paleoenvironmental record through the Late Holocene gives evidence of high sedimentation rates in Lake Visovac, variable soil erosion impact on lake sediment composition and carbonate authigenic sedimentation. Higher organic carbon is observed in the last 50 years due to changes in land cover and reforestation. Pleistocene lake sediment outcrops occur up to 20 m above the present lake levels indicating higher lake levels as a consequence of higher elevation of tuffa barriers. Kalički kuk, which lies up to 20 m above present lake level, is a remnant of these barriers which have been dated to MIS5. Results allow us to interpret the environmental and evolutionary dynamics of Lake Visovac in the following way: lake level more than 20 m higher than today in mid-Pleistocene with significantly larger lake volume in Lake Visovac, with active Kalički kuk and Skradinski buk waterfalls; lower lake-level at the beginning of the Holocene when several small lakes existed in isolated basins in the area of Lake Visovac. The tufa barrier at Skradinski buk started to grow faster than the Kalički kuk barriers and waterfalls resulting in their flooding and submergence during the Holocene. The tufa barrier at Skradinski buk has grown 15 m since then. This study demonstrates the role of geomorphological lakebed characteristics in reshaping our understanding of the environmental changes and the future of Lake Visovac.</p><p>The research was conducted as part of the project funded by the Krka National Park and CSF funded QMAD project (IP-04-2019-8505).</p>

scholarly journals Materials of the Early Neolithic Culture of Site Dobroe 9 at the Upper Don

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (37) ◽  
pp. 99-116
Author(s):  
Roman V. Smolyaninov ◽  
◽  
Elizaveta S. Yurkina ◽  
Alexey A. Kulichkov ◽  
Marianna A. Kulkova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dominant Role ◽  
Late Phase ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Anthropogenic Activity ◽  
Early Neolithic ◽  
Neolithic Culture ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Stone Industry ◽  
The Right ◽  
High Level

In the vicinity of Site Dobroe on the right bank of the Voronezh River it was discovered an accumulation of the Neolithic monuments, on the three of which the Early Neolithic pottery of the Srednedonskaya culture of the VI millennium BC was received. At the Site Dobroe 9, a homogeneous lithological layer was revealed, containing only the materials of this culture: pottery, bones, stone products. At the moment, 99 sq.m. of the site were researched by the excavations. The date of the pottery collection of the site was established as the last quarter of the VI millennium BC. In author’s opinion the given ceramics has the transitional character from the early Srednedonskaya culture phase, featuring ceramics decorated mainly with triangular pins, to the late phase of this culture, where the comb imprint decoration becomes widespread. The use of geochemical methods allowed the authors to reconstruct the features of the paleoclimate. During the existence of the representatives of the Srednedonskaya Neolithic culture, cool climatic conditions are replaced by warming and humidity increases. There was an increase in anthropogenic activity. This lithologically homogeneous cultural layer is dated-6150±100 BP (5317-4839 calBC) SPb-2840. This stone industry is represented by the flake technique. In total 207 stone artifacts were discovered, and 65 from them were tools. Such a small number probably indicates a high level of the industries that replace them: bone-carving and woodworking. The analysis of the faunal collection suggests the dominant role of the hunting in the ancient population.

scholarly journals Contrasting patterns of climatic changes during the Holocene across the Italian Peninsula reconstructed from pollen data

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 1233-1252 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Peyron ◽  
M. Magny ◽  
S. Goring ◽  
S. Joannin ◽  
J.-L. de Beaulieu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lake Level ◽  
Late Holocene ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Summer Precipitation ◽  
Aegean Sea ◽  
Northern Italy ◽  
Lake Levels ◽  
The Holocene ◽  
The North ◽  
The Mediterranean

Abstract. Lake-level records from Italy suggest that patterns of precipitation in the central Mediterranean during the Holocene were divided between the north and south, but a scarcity of reliable palaeoclimatic records in the north and central-southern Mediterranean means new evidence is needed to validate this hypothesis. We provide robust quantitative estimates of Holocene climate in the Mediterranean region using four high-resolution pollen records from northern (Lakes Ledro and Accesa) and southern (Lakes Trifoglietti and Pergusa) Italy. Multiple methods are used to provide an improved assessment of the palaeoclimatic reconstruction uncertainty. The multi-method approach uses the pollen-based weighted averaging, weighted-average partial least-squares regression, modern analogue technique, and the non-metric multidimensional scaling/generalized additive model methods. We use independent lake-level data to validate the precipitation reconstructions. Our results support a climatic partition between northern and southern Italy during the Holocene, confirming the hypothesis of opposing mid-Holocene summer precipitation regimes in the Mediterranean. The northern sites (Ledro, Accesa) are characterized by minima for summer precipitation and lake levels during the early to mid-Holocene, while the southern sites (Trifoglietti, Pergusa) are marked by maxima for precipitation and lake levels at the same time. Both pollen-inferred precipitation and lake levels indicate the opposite pattern during the late Holocene, a maximum in northern Italy and a minimum in southern Italy/Sicily. Summer temperatures show the same partitioning, with warm conditions in northern Italy and cool conditions in Sicily during the early/mid-Holocene, and a reversal during the late Holocene. Comparison with marine cores from the Aegean Sea suggests that climate trends and gradients observed in Italy show strong similarities with those recognized from the Aegean Sea, and more generally speaking in the eastern Mediterranean.

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