The molecular mechanism of the effect of sulfur dioxide inhalation on the potassium and calcium ion channels in rat aortas

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 418-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Q Zhang ◽  
Y Bai ◽  
Z Yang ◽  
J Tian ◽  
Z Meng
Keyword(s):  
Sulfur Dioxide ◽  
Molecular Mechanism ◽  
Calcium Ion ◽  
Messenger Rna ◽  
Rat Aorta ◽  
Sulfonylurea Receptor ◽  
Vasorelaxant Effect ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Calcium Ion Channels ◽  
Polymerase Chain

This study investigated the molecular mechanism of the effect of sulfur dioxide (SO2) on the expression of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-sensitive potassium ion (K+; KATP) channel, big-conductance calcium ion (Ca2+)-activated K+ (BKCa) channel, and L-type (L-Ca2+) channel subunits in rat aortas with quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot. The results showed that the messenger RNA and protein levels of the KATP channel subunits Kir6.1, Kir6.2, and sulfonylurea receptor 2B (SUR2B) of rat aortas were significantly increased by SO2 at 14 mg/m3, whereas the levels of SUR2A were not changed. SO2 at all the treated concentrations markedly raised the expression of the BKCa channel subunits α and β1. SO2 at 14 mg/m3 significantly decreased the expression of the L-Ca2+ channel Cav1.2 and Cav1.3. The histological examination of rat aorta tissues showed moderate injury of tunica media in the presence of SO2 at 14 mg/m3. These suggest that SO2 can activate the KATP and BKCa channels by upregulating the expression of Kir6.1, Kir6.2, SUR2B, BKCa α, and BKCa β1, while inhibit the L-Ca2+ channels by downregulating the expression of Cav1.2 and Cav1.3 in rat aortas. The molecular mechanism of SO2-induced vasorelaxant effect might be linked to the changes in expression of these channel subunits, which plays an important role in the pathogenesis of SO2-associated cardiovascular diseases.

Sulfur dioxide induces vascular relaxation through PI3K/Akt/eNOS and NO/cGMP signaling pathways in rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (8) ◽  
pp. 1108-1117
Author(s):  
Q Zhang ◽  
W Lyu ◽  
M Yu ◽  
Y Niu
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Sulfur Dioxide ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Cyclic Guanosine Monophosphate ◽  
Rat Aorta ◽  
Guanosine Monophosphate ◽  
Signal Pathways ◽  
Atmospheric Pollutant ◽  
Protein Levels

Sulfur dioxide (SO2) is a common exogenous atmospheric pollutant. Studies have shown that SO2 can cause vasodilation as a gas signaling molecule, but the specific signaling pathways are not well understood. This study aimed to explore the underlying mechanism behind the effects of SO2 on vasodilation of isolated rat aorta. The results showed that when the dose of SO2 was 30 μM, the vasodilation of endothelium-intact rings was partially suppressed by LY294002 and NG-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester, and the protein levels of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), p-Akt, and p-endothelial nitric oxide synthase ( p-eNOS) were significantly increased. When the dose of SO2 was 300 μM or 1500 μM, the vasodilation of endothelium-denuded rings did not change after application of the inhibitor, but the protein levels of PI3K, p-Akt, and p-eNOS were significantly decreased, and the activity of NOS and the level of nitric oxide (NO) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) were significantly increased. We speculate that the mechanism of SO2-induced vasodilatation likely involved the endothelial PI3K/Akt/eNOS and NO/cGMP signal pathways. In addition, at the concentration of 1500 μM, SO2 markedly increased the level of caspase-3 and caspase-9. The results suggest that high concentrations of SO2 may cause damage to blood vessels. This study will help to further inform the etiologies of SO2-related cardiovascular disease.

scholarly journals Knockdown of Ezrin inhibited migration and invasion of cervical cancer cells in vitro

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 205873842093089
Author(s):  
Meili Xi ◽  
Wenbin Tang
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Messenger Rna ◽  
Migration And Invasion ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Sulforhodamine B ◽  
Ezrin Expression ◽  
Cervical Cancer Cells ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Cervical cancer is the fourth most common malignancy in women. The aim of this study was to investigate the functions of Ezrin in cervical cancer cells. Two cervical cancer cell lines, SiHa and CaSki, were cultured in vitro. Following the knockdown of Ezrin using siRNA, real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot analysis were applied to analyze Ezrin expression at the messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein levels. Subsequently, wound healing assay, transwell assay, and sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay were used to detect the migration, invasion, and viability of cervical cancer cells, respectively. Results revealed that Ezrin siRNA can notably inhibit the migration and invasion of SiHa and CaSki cells ( P  < 0.05). However, knockdown of Ezrin shows no effects on the viability of SiHa and CaSki cells ( P  < 0.05). It is indicated that Ezrin plays a possible role in promoting the migration and invasion of cervical cancer cells and may be a therapeutic target to prevent metastasis of cervical cancer.

Mammaglobin B expression in human endometrial cancer

2008 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 1090-1096 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Tassi ◽  
E. Bignotti ◽  
M. Falchetti ◽  
S. Calza ◽  
A. Ravaggi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Endometrial Cancer ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Messenger Rna ◽  
Endometrial Cells ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Fresh Frozen ◽  
Endometrioid Endometrial Cancer ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Mammaglobin B (MGB-2) is an uteroglobin gene family member recently found highly differentially expressed in ovarian cancer by gene expression profiling. To evaluate its potential as a novel endometrial cancer biomarker, in this study we quantified and compared MGB-2 expression at messenger RNA and protein levels in endometrial tumors (endometrioid endometrial cancer [EEC]) with different grades of differentiation. MGB-2 expression was evaluated by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) in fresh frozen biopsies and paraffin-embedded tissues derived from a total of 70 patients including 50 primary EEC and 20 normal endometria (NECs). High levels of MGB-2 gene expression were detected in 10 of 11 EEC G1 cases (91%), 16 of 17 EEC G2 cases (94%), and 6 of 22 EEC G3 cases (27%) by real-time PCR. In contrast, normal endometrial cells expressed low to negligible levels of MGB-2 by real-time PCR (P= 0.002 EEC vs NEC). Well- and moderately differentiated EECs overexpressed MGB-2 gene at significant higher levels when compared to NECs (P< 0.01). Pairwise differences between both G2 and G1 vs G3 cases for MGB-2 relative gene expression values were also statistically significant (G2 vs G3 P< 0.001, G1 vs G3 P= 0.016). MGB-2 protein expression was detected in 31 (86%) of 36 EEC and 0 of 5 atrophic NEC controls, while seven of eight (88%) of the proliferative/secretory/hyperplastic NECs focally expressed MGB-2 by IHC. MGB-2 is highly expressed in EEC, particularly in well- and moderately differentiated tumors, and may represent a novel molecular marker for EEC.

Nicotine induces alteration of H3K27 demethylase UTX in kidney cancer cell

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 264-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
X Guo ◽  
X Li ◽  
Y Wang ◽  
Z Tian ◽  
X Duan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Kidney Cancer ◽  
Messenger Rna ◽  
Cancer Cell Line ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Expression Change ◽  
Nicotine Treatment ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Epigenetic Effect ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Cigarette smoking is one of the most important risk factors for kidney cancer, but the molecular mechanism is poorly understood. To examine the expression change of histone H3 on lysine 27 trimethylase (H3K27me3) demethylases ubiquitously transcribed TPR gene on the X chromosome (UTX) in kidney cancer cell line 786-O after nicotine treatment, quantitative real-time-polymerase chain reaction and western blotting analysis were carried out. These results showed that nicotine can increase UTX messenger RNA and protein levels and also decrease the content of H3K27me3. The decreased content of H3K27me3 may activate specific gene expression and lead to kidney cancer. Future investigation on nicotine induced UTX expression and its epigenetic effect would deepen our understanding on nicotine toxicity and carcinogenicity.

High performance Nanogold™-in situ hybridzation and its use in the detection of hybridized and PCR-amplified microscopical preparations

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 896-897
Author(s):  
G. W. Hacker ◽  
I. Zehbe ◽  
J. Hainfeld ◽  
A.-H. Graf ◽  
C. Hauser-Kronberger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Messenger Rna ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Direct Methods ◽  
Genetic Alterations ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Protein Encoding ◽  
Polymerase Chain

In situ hybridization (ISH) with biotin-labeled probes is increasingly used in histology, histopathology and molecular biology, to detect genetic nucleic acid sequences of interest, such as viruses, genetic alterations and peptide-/protein-encoding messenger RNA (mRNA). In situ polymerase chain reaction (PCR) (PCR in situ hybridization = PISH) and the new in situ self-sustained sequence replication-based amplification (3SR) method even allow the detection of single copies of DNA or RNA in cytological and histological material. However, there is a number of considerable problems with the in situ PCR methods available today: False positives due to mis-priming of DNA breakdown products contained in several types of cells causing non-specific incorporation of label in direct methods, and re-diffusion artefacts of amplicons into previously negative cells have been observed. To avoid these problems, super-sensitive ISH procedures can be used, and it is well known that the sensitivity and outcome of these methods partially depend on the detection system used.

Synbiotic-associated improvement in liver function in cirrhotic patients: Relation to changes in circulating cytokine messenger RNA and protein levels

2007 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen M. Riordan ◽  
Narelle A. Skinner ◽  
Christopher J. Mciver ◽  
Qing Liu ◽  
Stig Bengmark ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Function ◽  
Messenger Rna ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Cirrhotic Patients

scholarly journals Active liver X receptor signaling in phagocytes in multiple sclerosis lesions

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 279-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jo Mailleux ◽  
Tim Vanmierlo ◽  
Jeroen FJ Bogie ◽  
Elien Wouters ◽  
Dieter Lütjohann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Human Monocyte ◽  
Liver X Receptor ◽  
Spectrometric Analysis ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Myelin Phagocytosis ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Cholesterol Precursors ◽  
Chromatographic Mass

Objective: We sought to determine the liver X receptor (LXR) ligands present in human macrophages after myelin phagocytosis and whether LXRs are activated in multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions. Methods: We used real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and immunohistochemistry to determine expression of LXRs and their response genes in human phagocytes after myelin phagocytosis and in active MS lesions. We used gas chromatographic/mass spectrometric analysis to determine LXR-activating oxysterols and cholesterol precursors present and formed in myelin and myelin-incubated cells, respectively. Results: Myelin induced LXR response genes ABCA1 and ABCG1 in human monocyte-derived macrophages. In active MS lesions, we found that both gene expression and protein levels of ABCA1 and apolipoprotein E ( APOE) are upregulated in foamy phagocytes. Moreover, we found that the LXR ligand 27-hydroxycholesterol (27OHC) is significantly increased in human monocyte-derived macrophages after myelin uptake. Conclusion: LXR response genes are upregulated in phagocytes present in active MS lesions, indicating that LXRs are activated in actively demyelinating phagocytes. In addition, we have shown that myelin contains LXR ligands and that 27OHC is generated in human monocyte-derived macrophages after myelin processing. This suggests that LXRs in phagocytes in active MS lesions are activated at least partially by (oxy)sterols present in myelin and the generation thereof during myelin processing.

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