Preprint paper platforms in the academic scholarly communication environment

2021 ◽  
pp. 096100062110589
Author(s):  
Artemis Chaleplioglou ◽  
Alexandros Koulouris
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Community ◽  
Scientific Discovery ◽  
Patent Application ◽  
Scholarly Communication ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Scientific Integrity ◽  
Core Element ◽  
Web Interfaces ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
Academic Communication

Academic scholarly communication is the predominant business of researchers, scientists, and scholars. It is the core element of promoting scientific thought, investigation, and building up solid knowledge. The development of preprint platform web interfaces, server repositories of electronic scholarly papers submitted by their authors and openly available to the scientific community proposed a new form of academic communication. The distribution of a preprint of a scientific manuscript allows the authors to claim the priority of discovery, in a manner similar to the conference proceedings output, but also creates an anteriority that prevents protection by a patent application. Herein, we review the scope and the role of preprint papers platforms in academia, we explore individual cases, arXiv, SSRN, OSF Preprints, HAL, bioRxiv, EconStor, RePEc, PhilArchive, Research Square, viXra, Cryptology ePrint Archive, Preprints.org, ChinaXiv, medRxiv, JMIR Preprints, Authorea, ChemRxiv, engrXiv, e-LiS, SciELO, PsyArXiv, F1000 Research, and Zenodo, and discuss their significance in promoting scientific discovery, the potential risks of scientific integrity, as well as the policies of data distribution and intellectual property rights, the plus and minus, for the stakeholders, authors, institutions, states, scientific journals, scientific community, and the public. In this review we explore the scope and policies of the existing preprint papers platforms in different academic research fields.

scholarly journals Embedding-based Detection and Extraction of Research Topics from Academic Documents Using Deep Clustering

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sahand Vahidnia ◽  
Alireza Abbasi ◽  
Hussein A. Abbass
Keyword(s):  
Extraction Method ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Benchmark Dataset ◽  
Research Topics ◽  
Concept Extraction ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
Deep Embedding ◽  
Labeling Approach

Abstract Purpose Detection of research fields or topics and understanding the dynamics help the scientific community in their decisions regarding the establishment of scientific fields. This also helps in having a better collaboration with governments and businesses. This study aims to investigate the development of research fields over time, translating it into a topic detection problem. Design/methodology/approach To achieve the objectives, we propose a modified deep clustering method to detect research trends from the abstracts and titles of academic documents. Document embedding approaches are utilized to transform documents into vector-based representations. The proposed method is evaluated by comparing it with a combination of different embedding and clustering approaches and the classical topic modeling algorithms (i.e. LDA) against a benchmark dataset. A case study is also conducted exploring the evolution of Artificial Intelligence (AI) detecting the research topics or sub-fields in related AI publications. Findings Evaluating the performance of the proposed method using clustering performance indicators reflects that our proposed method outperforms similar approaches against the benchmark dataset. Using the proposed method, we also show how the topics have evolved in the period of the recent 30 years, taking advantage of a keyword extraction method for cluster tagging and labeling, demonstrating the context of the topics. Research limitations We noticed that it is not possible to generalize one solution for all downstream tasks. Hence, it is required to fine-tune or optimize the solutions for each task and even datasets. In addition, interpretation of cluster labels can be subjective and vary based on the readers’ opinions. It is also very difficult to evaluate the labeling techniques, rendering the explanation of the clusters further limited. Practical implications As demonstrated in the case study, we show that in a real-world example, how the proposed method would enable the researchers and reviewers of the academic research to detect, summarize, analyze, and visualize research topics from decades of academic documents. This helps the scientific community and all related organizations in fast and effective analysis of the fields, by establishing and explaining the topics. Originality/value In this study, we introduce a modified and tuned deep embedding clustering coupled with Doc2Vec representations for topic extraction. We also use a concept extraction method as a labeling approach in this study. The effectiveness of the method has been evaluated in a case study of AI publications, where we analyze the AI topics during the past three decades.

Design Capability for Science-based Innovation

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
ROTHKÖTTER Stefanie ◽  
Craig C. GARNER ◽  
Sándor VAJNA
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Scientific Discovery ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Research Interest ◽  
Design Practice ◽  
Design Technology ◽  
Innovation Potential ◽  
Design Integration ◽  
Cultural Constraints

In light of a growing research interest in the innovation potential that lies at the inter­section of design, technology, and science, this paper offers a literature review of design initiatives centered on scientific discovery and invention. The focus of this paper is on evidence of design capabilities in the academic research environment. The results are structured along the Four Orders of Design, with examples of design-in-science initiatives ranging from (1) the design of scientific figures and (2) laboratory devices using new technology to (3) interactions in design workshops for scientists and (4) inter­disciplinary design labs. While design capabilities have appeared in all four orders of design, there are barriers and cultural constraints that have to be taken into account for working at or researching these creative intersections. Modes of design integration and potentially necessary adaptations of design practice are therefore also highlighted.

A Call to Develop Standards for Those Delivering ‘Research Practice’ Training

2021 ◽  
Vol 03 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danny Kingsley
Keyword(s):  
Information Science ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Core Competencies ◽  
Scholarly Communication ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Open Science ◽  
Early Career ◽  
Research Quality ◽  
Research Practice ◽  
The North

The nature of the research endeavour is changing rapidly and requires a wide set of skills beyond the research focus. The delivery of aspects of researcher training ‘beyond the bench’ is met by different sections of an institution, including the research office, the media office and the library. In Australia researcher training in open access, research data management and other aspects of open science is primarily offered by librarians. But what training do librarians receive in scholarly communication within their librarianship degrees? For a degree to be offered in librarianship and information science, it must be accredited by the Australian Library and Information Association (ALIA), with a curriculum that is based on ALIA’s lists of skills and attributes. However, these lists do not contain any reference to key open research terms and are almost mutually exclusive with core competencies in scholarly communication as identified by the North American Serials Interest Group and an international Joint Task Force. Over the past decade teaching by academics in universities has been professionalised with courses and qualifications. Those responsible for researcher training within universities and the material that is being offered should also meet an agreed accreditation. This paper is arguing that there is a clear need to develop parallel standards around ‘research practice’ training for PhD students and Early Career Researchers, and those delivering this training should be able to demonstrate their skills against these standards. Models to begin developing accreditation standards are starting to emerge, with the recent launch of the Centre for Academic Research Quality and Improvement in the UK. There are multiple organisations, both grassroots and long-established that would be able to contribute to this project.

scholarly journals Characteristics and trend analysis of Chinese tourism academic research Based on CNKI (1992-2018) bibliometric analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 235 ◽  
pp. 02040
Author(s):  
Lihui Yang ◽  
Linshan Li
Keyword(s):  
Academic Research ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Research Direction ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Rapid Decline ◽  
Tourism Research ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
The Belt And Road

Based on the retrieval of journals published on CNKI in the field of tourism, and the statistical analysis by Cite Space, this paper finds that: (1) in terms of the number of published papers, tourism research can be divided into three stages: infancy period in 1992-2000; Steady growth period in 2001-2011 years; Rapid decline period in 2012-2018 years. (2) The key institutions of tourism research are institutions of higher learning, among which Shaanxi Normal University and Zhongshan University have obvious institutional competitiveness. (3) Through the co-occurrence analysis of core authors and key words, eight core author groups and corresponding research fields can be divided. (4) The research direction of tourism mainly focuses on tourism industry, tourism resources, tourism development, tourist, the Belt and Road cultural tourism, rural tourism and city tourism. The future research will focus on the research direction of “big data”, “the Belt and Road tourism”, “poverty alleviation”, “global tourism” and “Rural Revitalization”.

Internet of Things and Nature-Inspired Intelligent Techniques for the Future of Biomedical Engineering

2018 ◽  
pp. 263-282
Author(s):  
Gur Emre Guraksin
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Biomedical Engineering ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Engineering Applications ◽  
Related Literature ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
The Future ◽  
Autonomous Machines ◽  
General Network

Along with the rise of artificial intelligence (AI), there are many different research fields gaining importance. Because of the growing amount of data and needs for immediate access to information for dealing with the problems, different types of research fields take place within the scientific community. Internet of things (IoT) is one of them, and it enables devices to communicate with each other in order to form a general network of physical, working devices. The objective of this chapter in this manner is to provide a general discussion of using nature-inspired techniques of AI to form the future of biomedical engineering over IoT. Because it is often thought that the medical services of the future will be based on autonomous machines supported with AI and IoT, discussing such a topic by considering biomedical engineering applications will be good for the related literature.

Open Government Data (OGD) in Iran, Lebanon and Jordan: a comparative approach

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuti Saxena
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Open Government ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Aggregated Data ◽  
Web Interfaces ◽  
Open Government Data ◽  
Government Data

Purpose The main aim of this study is to do a comparison of Open Government Data (OGD) frameworks in Iran, Lebanon and Jordan and underscore the prospects and challenges in OGD implementation. Design/methodology/approach Basing itself on two OGD models offered by Kalampokis and his colleagues (Kalampokis et al., 2011) and Sieber and Johnson (2015) and the typology of “good” and “bad” data based on factors such as “usability”, “findability” and “understandability”, the study uses a documentary analysis for generating evidences by scanning the websites linked with OGD across the three countries. Following a qualitative methodology, countries shall be classified in terms of these models and the typology depending upon their OGD nature and scope. Findings OGD adoption in Iran, Lebanon and Jordan is at a nascent stage, and the OGD nature is of the “bad” type. These countries have merely “aggregated data” over their Web interfaces which are incomplete, outdated and do not permit analytics. Besides, there are a number of challenges which need to be overcome for proper OGD adherence. Nevertheless, there are a lot of prospects for harnessing OGD for improved citizen–government interaction by creating a culture of transparency, collaboration and accountability. Practical implications The study holds immense significance for government bodies to appreciate the potential of OGD which would go a long way to add social and economic value to propel the country’s growth. Originality/value No study has been conducted so far which compares Iran, Lebanon and Jordan in terms of their OGD policies; this is the main contribution of the study. Also, conceding the significance of the three countries in terms of their socio-economic indices, academic research is warranted in relation to these countries.

Information privacy disclosure on social network sites

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 282-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Li ◽  
Xiaowen Wang ◽  
Kunrong Li ◽  
Jianguo Che
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Social Network Sites ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Information Privacy ◽  
Network Size ◽  
Perceived Benefits ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Perceived Risks ◽  
Personal Innovativeness ◽  
Research Fields

Purpose As social network sites (SNS) have increasingly become one of the most important channels for communication, the related privacy issues gain more and more attention in both industry and academic research fields. This study aims to connect the antecedents of information privacy disclosure on SNS. Design/methodology/approach Based on exchange theory, this study tries to investigate the decision-making process for information privacy disclosure on SNS. Factors from both user’s and website’s perspectives are taken into account in the proposed model. Findings The results suggest that an individual’s perceived benefits will increase their willingness to disclose information privacy on SNS, but perceived risks decrease this kind of willingness. The authors also find social network size, personal innovativeness and incentive provision positively affect people’s perceived benefits. Originality/value Moreover, privacy invasion experience enhances perceived personal risks, but website reputation helps to reduce perceived risks.

scholarly journals Gender differences among active reviewers: an investigation based on Publons

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Zhang ◽  
Yuanyuan Shang ◽  
Ying HUANG ◽  
Gunnar Sivertsen
Keyword(s):  
Quality Assurance ◽  
Peer Review ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Scholarly Publishing ◽  
Gender Representation ◽  
Research Activity ◽  
Gender Balance ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Relationship

Peer review of scientific manuscripts before publication is essential in scholarly publishing, and most active researchers hold relationships with a number of journals as both an author and a reviewer. There have been several studies focusing on gender balance in academic research and authorship, but fewer studies on our role as reviewers. Publons is a commercial website run by Clarivate Analytics that allows researchers to track and verify their peer review activities and be recognized for it. The platform features over 2 million researchers and 6.9 million reviews for more than 5,000 partnered journals, listing the most active reviewers as “top reviewers”. Our study focuses on gender representation in this ‘top reviewer’ group while also looking at the countries, regions and research fields they represent, as well as the relationship between their roles as authors and reviewers. The results show that male reviewers dominate in almost all countries, regions, and research fields. Male reviewers generally contribute to review work more frequently than females; however, female reviewers write longer reviews. The correlations between reviewing activity and research activity are generally weak overall and within specific research fields. This may reflect that active reviewers are not necessarily the most productive researchers in their fields. What clearly emerges from our results is the need for more concern over gender representation in the quality assurance and gatekeeping functions of scholarly publishing.

scholarly journals Development of medical informatics in China over the past 30 years from a conference perspective and a Sino-American comparison

PeerJ ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. e4082 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Liang ◽  
Kunyan Wei ◽  
Qun Meng ◽  
Zhenying Chen ◽  
Jiajie Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Informatics ◽  
Health Reform ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
The United States ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
The Past ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
The Us ◽  
Chinese Industry ◽  
Quantitative Analyses

BackgroundAs the world’s second-largest economy, China has launched health reforms for the second time and invested significant funding in medical informatics (MI) since 2010; however, few studies have been conducted on the outcomes of this ambitious cause.ObjectiveThis study analyzed the features of major MI meetings held in China and compared them with similar MI conferences in the United States, aiming at informing researchers on the outcomes of MI in China and the US from the professional conference perspective and encouraging greater international cooperation for the advancement of the field of medical informatics in China and, ultimately, the promotion of China’s health reform.MethodsQualitative and quantitative analyses of four MI meetings in China (i.e., CMIAAS, CHINC, CHITEC, and CPMI) and two in the US (i.e., AMIA and HIMSS) were conducted. Furthermore, the size, constituent parts and regional allocation of participants, topics, and fields of research for each meeting were determined and compared.ResultsFrom 1985 to 2016, approximately 45,000 individuals attended the CMIAAS and CPMI (academic), CHINC and CHITEC (industry), resulting in 5,085 documented articles. In contrast, in 2015, 38,000 and 3,700 individuals, respectively, attended the American HIMSS (industry) and AMIA (academic) conferences and published 1,926 papers in the latter. Compared to those of HIMSS in 2015, the meeting duration of Chinese industry CHITEC was 3 vs. 5 days, the number of vendors was 100 vs. 1,500+, the number of sub-forums was 10 vs. 250; while compared to those of AMIA, the meeting duration of Chinese CMIAAS was 2 vs. 8 days, the number of vendors was 5 vs. 65+, the number of sub-forums was 4 vs. 26. HIMSS and AMIA were more open, international, and comprehensive in comparison to the aforementioned Chinese conferences.ConclusionsThe current MI in China can be characterized as “hot in industry application, and cold in academic research.” Taking into consideration the economic scale together with the huge investment in MI, conference yield and attendee diversity are still low in China. This study demonstrates an urgent necessity to elevate the medical informatics discipline in China and to expand research fields in order to maintain pace with the development of medical informatics in the US and other countries.

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