Application of sandwich spatial estimation method in cancer mapping: A case study for breast cancer mortality in the Chinese mainland, 2005

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (12) ◽  
pp. 3609-3626 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yilan Liao ◽  
Dongyue Li ◽  
Ningxu Zhang ◽  
Changfa Xia ◽  
Rongshou Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Spatial Heterogeneity ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Breast Cancer Mortality ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Chinese Mainland ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Pathogenic Factors ◽  
The Chinese Mainland ◽  
And Control

High-accuracy spatial distribution estimation is crucial for cancer prevention and control. Due to their complicated pathogenic factors, the distributions of many cancers' mortalities appear blocky, and spatial heterogeneity is common. However, most of the commonly used cancer mapping methods are based on spatial autocorrelation theory. Sandwich estimation is a new method based on spatial heterogeneity theory. A modified sandwich estimation method suitable for the estimation of cancer mortality distribution is proposed in this study. The variances of cancer mortality data are used to fuse sandwich estimation results from various auxiliary variables, the feasibility of which in estimating cancer mortality distributions is explained theoretically. The breast cancer (BC) mortality of the Chinese mainland in 2005 was taken as a case, and the accuracy of the modified sandwich estimation method was compared with that of the Hierarchical Bayesian (HB), the Co-Kriging (CK) and the Ordinary Kriging (OK) methods. The accuracy of the modified sandwich estimation method was better than the HB, the CK and the OK methods, and the estimation result from the modified sandwich estimation method was more likely to be acceptable. Therefore, this study represents an attempt to apply the sandwich estimation method to the estimation of cancer mortality distributions with strong spatial heterogeneity, which holds great potential for further application.

Evaluation of the Effect on Breast Cancer Mortality of Population Based Mammography Screening Programmes

1994 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 184-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sven Törnberg ◽  
John Carstensen ◽  
Timo Hakulinen ◽  
Per Lenner ◽  
Thomas Hatschek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Mammography Screening ◽  
Screening Programme ◽  
Breast Cancer Mortality ◽  
Time Lag ◽  
Statistical Modelling ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Full Effect

To evaluate, by analysis of breast cancer mortality data from all the 26 Swedish counties for the years 1971 to 1990, whether the effect of the introduction of mammography screening in Sweden can be assessed by observation from existing mortality data. A Poisson regression model was used to study whether a decrease in breast cancer mortality among women aged 50–74 years was associated with the extent of mammography screening in different counties and periods. In regions where mammography screening had been introduced, breast cancer mortality tended to be decreased, on average, compared with regions with-'out screening. If a 10 year time lag between the start of screening and its full effect on mortality is assumed then the estimated reduction in breast cancer mortality associated with introduction of screening was 19% with a 95% confidence interval ranging from 3% to 37%. The results suggest that the effect of mammography screening may be studied using existing routine mortality data and appropriate statistical modelling. This way of assessing the outcome of the screening is valuable when continuously monitoring a screening programme that has become a public health routine.

scholarly journals Spatial Analysis of County-Level Breast Cancer Mortality in Texas

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arvind B. Bambhroliya ◽  
Keith D. Burau ◽  
Ken Sexton
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Breast Cancer Mortality ◽  
Female Breast Cancer ◽  
Southern Region ◽  
Scan Statistics ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
County Level ◽  
Northeastern Region ◽  
Female Breast

Objective. The objectives of the study were to detect high-risk areas and to examine how racial and ethnic status affect the geographic distribution of female breast cancer mortality in Texas. Analyses were based on county-level data for the years from 2000 to 2008.Materials and Methods. Breast cancer mortality data were obtained from the Texas Cancer Registry, and the Spatial Scan Statistics method was used to run Purely Spatial Analyses using the Discrete Poisson, Bernoulli, and Multinomial models.Results and Conclusions. Highest rates of female breast cancer mortality in Texas have shifted over time from southeastern areas towards northern and eastern areas, and breast cancer mortality at the county level is distributed heterogeneously based on racial/ethnic status. Non-Hispanic blacks were at highest risk in the northeastern region and lowest risk in the southern region, while Hispanics were at highest risk in the southern region along the border with Mexico and lowest risk in the northeastern region.

scholarly journals A DNA-Peptide Fusion as a Vaccine Candidate against Breast and Ovarian Cancer Metastasis: Consequent Benefit in Certain Lung Cancers

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Breast Cancer Mortality ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Lung Carcinogenesis ◽  
Breast And Ovarian Cancer

Cancer mortality data were obtained from the WHO Mortality Database. Lung cancer, with about 85% being non-small cell lung cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors, considered the leading cause of cancer-related death in both men and women (associated with breast and ovarian cancer in metastasis). From published data, we designed a preventive vaccine in Silico aimed to protect against breast and ovarian cancer involved in metastasis for lung cancer. The largest increases are expected for melanoma; cancers of the prostate, kidney, liver, and urinary bladder in males; and the lung, breast, uterus, ovarian, and thyroid in females. Among all women, lung cancer mortality rates have surpassed those for breast cancer around the world. This reflects the decline of breast cancer mortality due to screening access and effective treatment alongside entrance of certain countries lifestyle and behavior in which smoking has become more prevalent in women. One aim of this research paper is to provide a better understanding for the potential dormant repositories of outbreaks and potential metastasis of breast and ovarian cancer and its consequents in lung cancer. In this study, we present to the cDNA-peptide fusion a more stable anti-tumoral against breast and ovarian cancer. As a cDNA target, we used primers from Her2 gene fusion with peptides from Her2 and human PARP-1 proteins. Our analysis identified 16 cloning DNA (cDNA) with theorical fusion stability (FS) value among 49.30-62.41 range and theorical Exosome Affinity (EA) (cDNA-peptide and exosome) among 62.60-77.10 range. We proposed a cDNA-peptide with theorical fusion value stability FS=50.36 Cruz and exosome affinity EA=68.02 Ro. We have named the cDNA-peptide selection as: LCR_2020_B008-55. In addition, in Silico, this cDNA-peptide also manifests partial inhibiting activity on the methylated promoter genes in lung tumors, therefore, this chimera cDNA-peptide may achieve a higher representative antitumoral activity against lung cancer disease. According to the anti-tumoral monitoring after and before vaccination using the candidate LCR_2020_B008-55, we proposed exosomes as biomarkers of lung carcinogenesis after and before vaccination. Due to the cDNA-peptides, in Silico, manifesting high affinity with exosomes, where our proposed vaccine may reach high representative activity against breast, ovarian and lung cancer in a metastasis stage, we identified this chimera with a triple antitumoral action.

Abstract PO-173: Spatial heterogeneity and rural-urban differences in the Black-White breast cancer mortality disparity in Georgia

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca J. Nash ◽  
Lauren E. McCullough ◽  
T.J. Pierce ◽  
Lindsay J. Collin ◽  
Anne H. Gaglioti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Spatial Heterogeneity ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Breast Cancer Mortality

scholarly journals Female Breast Cancer Trends in Disaggregated Asian American Populations: Analysis of 2003-2017 U.S. Mortality Data

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vaishnavi Bhamidi ◽  
Nathaniel Islas ◽  
Caroline Feng ◽  
Naveli Garg ◽  
Kevin Xi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
United States ◽  
Asian American ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Asian Indians ◽  
Breast Cancer Mortality ◽  
The United States ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Japanese Women ◽  
Mortality Data

Abstract PurposeBreast cancer is the second leading cause of female cancer mortality in the United States and breast cancer mortality in Asian Americans (AA) is rising by 1.5% per year. However, aggregated AA breast cancer death rates may mask important mortality differences in major AA groups.Population & Setting11,388 AA and 473,927 non-Hispanic White (NHW) females based on the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Vital Statistics System database 2003-2017.MethodsAge-adjusted mortality rates (AAMR) were used to estimate trends in breast cancer mortality in Asian Indians, Chinese, Filipinas, Japanese, Koreans, Vietnamese, and non-Hispanic Whites from 2003–2017, with attention to annual percentage change (APC) and proportional mortality rates (PMR).ResultsFrom 2003-2017, breast cancer deaths comprised 14.4% in NHWs, 13.7% in aggregate AAs, 19.8% in Asian Indians, and 18.6% of all cancer deaths in Filipinas. While NHW breast cancer mortality rate significantly decreased (APC -2.1; CI -2.6, -1.6; p < 0.001) from 2003 to 2017, aggregate AA mortality rates were unchanged (APC 3.07; CI -0.37, 7.8; p = 0.071). However, when disaggregated, breast cancer mortality in Filipina (APC 1.9; CI 0.8, 3.0; p < 0.002), Chinese (APC 2.1; CI 1.3, 3.0; p < 0.001), and Korean (APC 2.6; CI 1.0, 4.1; p = 0.004) women significantly increased. Breast cancer mortality rates in Japanese women decreased (APC -1.9; CI -5.9, 2.1; p = 0.3).ConclusionWhile the proportion of women dying from breast cancer were similar in NHWs and aggregate Asians, when disaggregated, Filipina, Korean, and Chinese women had increased mortality rates over the past 15 years. During this time, breast cancer mortality in NHW and Japanese women decreased. Understanding disaggregated breast cancer mortality rates in Asians may improve culturally-tailored outreach, prevention, and treatment strategies to reduce cancer deaths from this critical disease.

scholarly journals Female breast cancer mortality in Brazil and its regions

2014 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 387-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Claudia Garabeli Cavalli Kluthcovsky ◽  
Thaisa Nogueira Palozi Faria ◽  
Fabio Henrique Carneiro ◽  
Robson Strona
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Breast Cancer Mortality ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Female Breast Cancer ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Mortality Trends ◽  
Female Breast ◽  
Its Regions ◽  
Proportional Mortality

Objective: to analyze female breast cancer mortality trends in Brazil and its regions. Methods: female breast cancer mortality in Brazil and its regions was analyzed using mortality data from the Ministry of Health's Mortality Information System and the National Cancer Institute between 1991 and 2010. The variables analyzed were. proportional mortality from female breast cancer in relation to total deaths in women, mortality rates of the five primary locations of the neoplasms most common in women, and mortality rates for female breast cancer: Linear regression models were estimated to analyze mortality trends: Results: a growth in proportional mortality due to female breast cancer in Brazil and its regions was observed: In relation to the mortality rates for the five primary types of cancer, breast cancer persisted in first place in Brazil and its regions, except the North region, where cervical cancer was the most frequent: Rising female breast cancer mortality rates were observed for Brazil (p = 0.017), Northeastern (p < 0.001), North (p < 0.001) and the Mid-West (p = 0.001), regions, and declining rates for the Southeast region (p = 0.047), and stable rates for the South region. Conclusion: the results emphasize the importance of the disease in terms of public health in the country, reinforcing the need for early detection and appropriate treatment.

scholarly journals Breast Cancer Mortality in Young Women in Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Dalcin Donini E. Silva ◽  
Rosana Rosseto de Oliveira ◽  
Mariana Teixeira da Silva ◽  
Maria Dalva de Barros Carvalho ◽  
Raissa Bocchi Pedroso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Breast Cancer Mortality ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Development Index

ObjectiveMalignant breast cancer is the leading cause of death by cancer in young women. The study aimed to determine if breast cancer mortality among young women has increased between the period from 1996 to 2017 in Brazil.MethodsA time-series analysis of breast cancer mortality rate in young women (20–39 years old) was carried out. Mortality data, from 1996 to 2017, were collected from the Mortality Information System of the Health Ministry, and demographic data, from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. Trends in mortality were performed by Joinpoint Regression, the spatial distribution of the mortality rate was done with the QGIZ Software version 2.18, and Spearman’s correlation coefficient was used to correlate the mortality rates with the Human Development Index.ResultsThere was an increase in breast cancer mortality rates in young women in the majority of Brazilian states, with an upward trend in all regions. The correlation with the Municipal Human Development Index, income, and education had a significant impact on the mortality rate for women from 30–39 years old in both time frames evaluated and for women from 20–29 years old, only from 1996 to 2000.ConclusionThe data obtained in the study, showed that even though the breast cancer mortality rate of young women is lower than women over 40 years old, it has been increasing in all regions of Brazil, mostly for women from 30–39 years old, suggesting that this group should be included in screening programs.

Mammography screening and breast cancer mortality in Australia: an aggregate cohort study

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Morrell ◽  
Richard Taylor ◽  
David Roder ◽  
Annette Dobson
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Mammography Screening ◽  
Poisson Regression ◽  
Breast Cancer Mortality ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Event Analysis ◽  
Screening Participation ◽  
Screening And Diagnosis

Background Evidence that mammography screening reduces breast cancer mortality derives from trials, with observational studies broadly supporting trial findings. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the national mammographic screening programme, BreastScreen Australia, using aggregate screening and breast cancer mortality data. Methods Breast cancer mortality from 1990 to 2004 in the whole Australian population was assessed in relation to screening exposure in the target of women aged 50–69 years. Population cohorts were defined by year of screening (and diagnosis), five-year age group at screening (and diagnosis), and local area of residence at screening (and diagnosis). Biennial screening data for BreastScreen Australia were related to cumulated mortality from breast cancer in an event analysis using Poisson regression, and in a time-to-event analysis using Cox proportional hazards regression. Results were adjusted for repeated measures and the potential effects of mammography outside BreastScreen Australia, regionality, and area socio-economic status. Results From the adjusted Poisson regression model, a 22% (95% CI:12–31%) reduction in six-year cumulated mortality from breast cancer was predicted for screening participation of approximately 60%, compared with no screening; 21% (95% CI:11–30%) for the most recently reported screening participation of 56%; and 25% (95% CI:15–35%) for the programme target of 70% biennial screening participation. Corresponding estimates from the Cox proportional hazard regression model were 30% (95% CI:17–41%), 28% (95% CI:16–38%) and 34% (95% CI:20–46%). Conclusions Despite data limitations, the results of this nationwide study are consistent with the trial evidence, and with results of other service studies of mammography screening. With sufficient participation, mammography screening substantially reduces mortality from breast cancer.

Flexible Bayesian P-splines for smoothing age-specific spatio-temporal mortality patterns

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 384-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Goicoa ◽  
A Adin ◽  
J Etxeberria ◽  
AF Militino ◽  
MD Ugarte
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Breast Cancer Mortality ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Mcmc Methods ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Scale Invariant ◽  
General Decline

In this paper age–space–time models based on one and two-dimensional P-splines with B-spline bases are proposed for smoothing mortality rates, where both fixed relative scale and scale invariant two-dimensional penalties are examined. Model fitting and inference are carried out using integrated nested Laplace approximations, a recent Bayesian technique that speeds up computations compared to McMC methods. The models will be illustrated with Spanish breast cancer mortality data during the period 1985–2010, where a general decline in breast cancer mortality has been observed in Spanish provinces in the last decades. The results reveal that mortality rates for the oldest age groups do not decrease in all provinces.

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