Is public engagement gendered? An analytical proposal using some evidence from Italy

2021 ◽  
pp. 096366252110020
Author(s):  
Monia Anzivino
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Mass Media ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
Public Engagement ◽  
Analytical Approach ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Community Based ◽  
The Mass Media ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between gender and public engagement in the literature is unclear. Unlike with other factors, research has not conclusively shown whether gender affects involvement in public engagement activities and, if it does so, in what direction. This article aims to investigate this ambiguity and intends to contribute to the understanding of underlying factors. Using survey data from a large national sample of Italian academics from all disciplines ( N = 5123), we find a gender gap in public engagement activities in the mass media and not in community-based activities. These results suggest a different analytical approach for investigating gender differences in public engagement.

Performance and financing strategies of female and male entrepreneurs in the Republic of Serbia

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danijela Stošic Panić
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Female Entrepreneurs ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Net Profit ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose The paper examines gender differences in the performance and financing strategies of female and male entrepreneurs in the Republic of Serbia. The aim of this study is to explore the gender dimension – a much under-researched aspect of entrepreneurship in the Republic of Serbia – and to link the findings with those of other environments. Design/methodology/approach To explore gender-based differences in entrepreneurial activity, a random sample of 327 units was drawn from the Serbian Business Registers Agency’s Register of Companies. In total, 101 completed questionnaires were received. The chi-square test of association was used to assess the relationship between two categorical variables, while the non-parametric Mann–Whitney U test was used to assess the statistical importance of the differences between groups of female and male entrepreneurs. The relationship between the performance and different sources of financing was assessed by multiple regression analysis. Findings The results confirm the existence of a gender gap in the net profit, employment growth rate, return on assets (ROA) and in use of various types of alternative financing sources. The evidence shows that those male entrepreneurs who use personal funds achieve lower levels of net profit and ROA compared to those who use internal business sources. Lower ROA is also achieved by those male entrepreneurs who use alternative sources of financing, relative to those who do not use these sources. Female entrepreneurs who applied for bank loans realized higher net profit value compared to those who did not apply for a loan. Moreover, female entrepreneurs who use some kind of state-supported funding achieve higher ROA than those who do not. Other gender differences found regarding the various aspects of the financing practices lacked statistical significance. Originality/value Although the generalizability of part of the findings is weakened due to the lack of statistical significance, most of the expected gender differences were found to exist at the sample level. This encourages further studies of similarities and differences between female and male entrepreneurs’ financing strategies and their impact on business performance. This is particularly important for the environments in which the gender aspect of entrepreneurial activity is under-researched.

scholarly journals Wpływ Euromajdanu i Rewolucji Godności na tworzenie nowych mediów na Ukrainie

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 127-142
Author(s):  
Daryna Kharuk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Ordinary People ◽  
Public Figures ◽  
New Type ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Mass Media ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Ukrainian Society ◽  
The Revolution

The process of changing the media landscape in Ukraine cannot be called simple. At the same time, these changes are very large and irreversible - as well as changes in Ukrainian society. This paper deals with the issues related to the present media landscape of Ukraine and the factors that influence it. The work describes the relationship between the media and the events of Euromaidan and the Revolution of Dignity, as well as the identity crisis that led to the events of 2013–2014 in Ukraine. The role of the mass media in the democratic revolutions in Ukraine is very important. The changing position of the media, the influence of the oligarchs, and the resistance of media workers - all of this was a part of the revolution that changed not only Ukrainian society but also the mass media for the better. Journalists, being public figures, were active participants in the revolution and stood close to its roots. Admittedly, this had an impact on the specifics of the work of journalists who had to operate in extreme conditions, first during the Revolution of Dignity, and later broadcasting events in Crimea and eastern Ukraine. The events of the Euromaidan completely changed the situation, putting an end to the crisis of national self-identification. The media not only reflected on but also created these changes while experiencing restructuration. A new type of media has emerged – are ordinary people who, using their profiles in social networks, acted to spread the information about events, commented on them, and shared their reflections.

scholarly journals The Gender Pray Gap: Wage Labor and the Religiosity of High-Earning Women and Men

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Landon Schnabel
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Social Context ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
General Social Survey ◽  
Wage Labor ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
Earned Income ◽  
High Earning ◽  
The Relationship

Social scientists agree that women are generally more religious than men, but disagree about whether the differences are universal or contingent on social context. This study uses General Social Survey data to explore differences in religiosity between, as well as among, women and men by level of individual earned income. Extending previous research, I focus on high earners with other groups included for comparison. Predicted probabilities based upon fully-interacted models provide four key findings: (1) There are no significant gender differences among high earners; (2) high-earning women are less religious than low-earning women; (3) high-earning men are more religious than low-earning men; and (4) differences among women and among men at different earnings levels are just as large as average differences between women and men. Further analyses demonstrate that the relationship between gender, earnings, and religiosity varies by race. The findings demonstrate the utility of intersectional approaches for understanding gender differences in religiosity. Beyond the implications specific to the gender differences in religiosity literature, this study also indicates that religion is an important, yet often under-emphasized, aspect of our intersectional selves.

Los medios de comunicación y la lucha contra la corrupción

2016 ◽  
pp. 163-198
Author(s):  
Francesc-Andreu MARTÍNEZ GALLEGO
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Political Corruption ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Actors ◽  
El Sistema ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Mass Media ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Medios De Comunicacion

LABURPENA: Lan hau komunikabideen eta ustelkeria politikoaren arteko harremanei buruzkoa da. Lanaren estrategia komunikabideek gobernatzaileen eta gobernatuen arteko harremanak hedatzeko bitarteko aktiboak bezala duten jarrera agertzea da, hau da, komunikabideek ustelkeriari buruz emandako informazioa izan ez dadin prentsaren jatorrietatik datorren ataza soila, hots, askatasun publikoen eta gobernu onaren watchdog or atari-txakur lana. Gauzak horrela, komunikabideak aktore politikoak dira, interes partikularrak dituzte eta egitateekiko elkarrekintza dute, eta egitate horiei garrantzia ematen diete (edo ez), interesen arabera. Ustelkeria politikoko eskandaluak kazetaritzako argitan, komunikabideen enpresen interesen arabera eta sistema politikoaren eta komunikabide sistemaren arteko harremanak kontuan izanda aztertu behar dira. Horrela soilik ahal izango diogu lana honen funtsari ekin, alegia: zer egin dezakete komunikabideek demokraziaren kalitatea handitzeko, hau da, ustelkeria politikoa bertatik erauzi edo, gutxienez, mugatzeko? RESUMEN: El presente trabajo es un estudio crítico sobre la relación existente entre medios de comunicación y corrupción política. La estrategia del mismo consiste en desvelar la posición de los medios de comunicación como mediatizadores activos de la relación entre gobernantes y gobernados, de manera que la información sobre corrupción producida por los medios no se vea como el mero cumplimiento de una tarea asignada desde sus orígenes ilustrados a la prensa, a saber, su labor de watchdog o perro guardián de las libertades públicas y del buen gobierno. Vistas así las cosas, los medios se configuran como actores políticos con intereses particulares que interaccionan con los hechos y a los que confieren (o no) la entidad de noticiables en grados diversos. Los escándalos de corrupción política deben estudiarse a la luz de las narrativas periodísticas, a la luz de los condicionamientos empresariales de los medios y a la luz de la configuración de las relaciones entre el sistema político y el sistema mediático. Sólo así podremos encarar la cuestión de fondo que se plantea al final de este trabajo y que pregunta qué pueden hacer los medios de comunicación para acrecentar la calidad de la democracia extirpando o al menos limitando en ella la corrupción política. ABSTRACT: This work is a critical analysis about the relationship between mass media and political corruption. Its strategy is to unveil the mass media position as an activ mediator in the relationship between governers and governeds so that information about corruption by the media cannot be seen as the simple fullfilment of an assigned task to the press since its Enlightment origins, i.e. their job of watchdog or guard dog for public liberties and good governance. As things stand, mass media are configured as political actors with particular interests that interact with facts to which the give (or not) a gradual entity of political newsworthiness. The scandals of political corruption should be studied in the light of journalistic narratives, corporate constraints of the mass media and the setting of relationships among the political and the media system. Only this way we will be able to face the underlying issue that arises at the end of this work and that questions what mass media can do in order to improve the quality of democracy by removing or at least constraining within the political corruption.

scholarly journals Coca-cola, Marlboro, Suzuki: Turbofolk music as a tool of political propaganda during the 1990s in Serbia

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 26-41
Author(s):  
Martina Plantak
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Folk Music ◽  
The Political ◽  
Cultural Model ◽  
Political Propaganda ◽  
Political Interests ◽  
Ruling Elites ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Mass Media ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract This paper analyzes the relationship and correlation between propaganda and the mass media on the example of turbo-folk music as the most influential cultural model in the 1990s in Serbia. The purpose of this paper is to examine the influence and spread of turbo-folk music through various propaganda techniques and through the mass media. The primary aim of the research is to understand the related propaganda and the media, while the starting hypothesis is that turbo-folk music served the political interests of the ruling elites as a distraction from the gloomy political and economic situation in which Serbia was. My intention is that turbo-folk music could be considered as the primary cultural model of that age, just as much as the culture of escapism.

scholarly journals SIKAP PETANI WORTEL TERHADAP KEBERADAAN SUB TERMINAL AGRIBISNIS (STA) WATUSAMBANG DI KECAMATAN TAWANGMANGU, KABUPATEN KARANGANYAR

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Annisaa Dwi Prihatin ◽  
Eny Lestari ◽  
Hanifah Ihsaniyati
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Personal Experience ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Relationship Analysis ◽  
The Media ◽  
Farmer Groups ◽  
The Mass Media ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

<p>This research are to analyze the farmers’s attitude to the existence of the STA   Watusambang,   analyze   the   factors   forming   attitudes,   and   analyze   the relationships between the factors forming attitudes and the farmers’s attitude to the existence  of  STA  Watusambang.  The  basic  method  used  in  this  research  was descriptive quantitative with survey technique. The location of the research was determined purposively in Blumbang Village, Tawangmangu Subdistrict, Karanganyar Regency. Sampling method used proportional random sampling, there were 60 carrot farmers chosen from each member farmer groups (4 farmer groups). The attitude- forming  of  carrot  farmers  in  this  research  is  age,  formal  education,  personal experience, culture, and exposure to the mass media. The relationship of attitude- forming factors with the farmers’s attitude could be known by using Rank Spearman analysis. The result of this research indicate that the attitude of carrot farmers against to  STA  Watusambang  50.0%  as  much  as  the  farmer  respondents  have  a  neutral attitude. The largest percentage age farmer respondents in the age category 37-44 years, formal education and culture in low category, personal experience and influence others who are considered important in the medium category, and exposure to the mass media in the category. Relationship analysis of test results showed there are a very significant relationship (α=0,01) between the influence of others considered important, personal experiences, and culture with an attitude of carrot farmers against STA; There is no significant relationship between age, formal education, and the media with the attitude of carrot farmers against the STA.</p>

Sport and National Identity

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dilwyn Porter
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Mass Media ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Cultural Practice ◽  
National Identities ◽  
Imagined Communities ◽  
Nation States ◽  
The Mass Media ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter explores the role of sport in the construction of national identity. It focuses initially on sport as a cultural practice possessing the demonstrable capacity to generate events and experiences through which imagined communities are made real. The governments of nation-states or other political agencies might intervene directly in this process, using sport as a form of propaganda to achieve this effect. More often, however, the relationship between sport and national identity is reproduced in everyday life, flagged daily by the mass media as an expression of banal nationalism. Particular attention is given to the role of sports that are indigenous to particular nations and also to sports engaged in competitively between nations. These have contributed in different ways to the making of national identities.

scholarly journals “Podemos tirar, se achar melhor”: a relação entre notícia e público no jornalismo online brasileiro

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas Demeda dos Santos ◽  
Ana Maria Acker
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Mass Media ◽  
Case Analysis ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Online Journalism ◽  
Redes Sociales ◽  
Keywords Internet ◽  
The Mass Media ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Medios De Comunicacion

Este artigo busca avaliar até que ponto a internet modifica a relação entre os grandes veículos de comunicação e seu público. Para isso, se parte de uma analise descritiva de caso com base em Wolton (2003 e 2010) e bibliografia selecionada. Os resultados apontam que a internet não é preponderante na modificação nas relações comunicacionais estabelecidas, mas reforça a autonomia do receptor diante dos meios de massa.“Podemos sacarlo, si prefieres”: la relación entre noticia y público en el periodismo en línea brasileñoResumen: Ese ensayo busca evaluar hasta qué punto el internet modifica la relación entre los grandes vehículos de comunicación y su público. Para eso, partiese de un análisis descriptiva de caso con base en Wolton (2003 y 2010) y bibliografía seleccionada. Los resultados indican que el internet no es preponderante en la modificación de las relaciones comunicacionales establecidas, pero refuerza la autonomía del receptor ante los medios masivos.Palabras-llave: Internet; Periodismo en línea; Dominique Wolton; Redes sociales; Medios de comunicación de masas.“We can take it out, if you prefer”: The relation between news and public in Brazilian online journalismAbstract: This article seeks to evaluate to witch extent the internet changes the relationship between the mass media press and their audience. To achieve this, it begins with a descriptive case analysis based on Wolton (2003 and 2010) and selected bibliography. The results imply that the internet is not relevant to the changes in the process of the established communicational relations, but it strengthens the autonomy of the receptor.   Keywords: Internet; Online journalism; Dominique Wolton; Social media; mass media.

Massmedia, Propaganda and Nationalism

Res Publica ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-257
Author(s):  
Marjan Malesic
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Source Criticism ◽  
The Public ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Public Media ◽  
The Mass Media ◽  
The Relationship

This article assesses the relationship between propaganda and nationalism as an ideology in the Serbian massmedia. Serious analysis of contemporary propaganda is a complex discipline, primarily because of the use of the mass media. The issue is further complicated by the fact that the introduction of ever new technologies results in new channels of public media, which demand specific and new methods of propaganda and manipulation.  In the study of propaganda in Serbian media as it affects the war in Bosnia Herzegovina, the following elements were found to be of particular interest : propaganda and ideology (propaganda and nationalism, propaganda and religion, propaganda and reinterpretation of history); the use of language for propaganda purposes; the context of propaganda; propaganda organization and propagandists; the public; the level of source criticism; and the iconography.

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