scholarly journals Ethnic/Racial Identity—A Double-Edged Sword? Associations With Discrimination and Psychological Outcomes

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 170-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiffany Yip
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
United States ◽  
Racial Identity ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Other ◽  
Strong Sense ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Identity Exploration

Given the prominence of ethnicity/race in the United States, many youths construct an ethnic/racial identity (ERI). However, ERI development occurs against a backdrop of prejudice, oppression, and discrimination. This synthetic review explores (a) how identity and discrimination are related and (b) their association with psychological health. There is a reciprocal developmental association between ERI and discrimination, in which each informs the other. Although discrimination is detrimental for mental health, its impact depends on identity. In some cases, ERI confers protection from discrimination, and in others, it poses additional vulnerabilities. A strong sense of commitment to one’s identity confers protection against the negative effects of discrimination, while high levels of identity exploration are associated with increased vulnerability. However, the importance of ethnicity/race to one’s identity both protects from and increases vulnerabilities to discrimination. Suggestions for future research to help to disambiguate these associations are offered.

scholarly journals Employer costs of mental health claims and how psychologically healthy workplaces align with successful DM programs

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendy Coduti
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
United States ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Emotional Disorders ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Work Performance ◽  
The United States ◽  
Health Claims ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Impact

Mental health (MH) and disability management (DM) businesses and DM professionals are proficient at addressing employee physical health, yet promoting employee MH is often ignored. Individuals claiming long-term disability (LTD), 85% identified MH conditions as their primary disability (Carls et al., 2012). Mental health LTD expenses are often higher due to longer recovery and challenges in return to work (Salkever, Goldman, Purushothaman, & Shinogle, 2000). Financial burdens of depression, anxiety, and emotional disorders are among the greatest of any disease condition in the workforce (Johnston et al., 2009). Globally, a fifth to a quarter of employees go to work everyday with a mental illness (Lorenzo-Romanella, 2011). Health care research has shown the impact of mental illness on work performance, however many employers and researchers are unaware of the value quality MH care has on employees and costs (Langlieb, & Kahn, 2005). The American Psychological Association (APA) identified five categories of workplace practices that promote psychological health in employees including: employee involvement; work-life balance; employee growth and development; health and safety; and employee recognition (APA, 2014). Organizational benefits of the five elements include: improved quality, performance and productivity; reduced absenteeism, presenteeism and turnover; fewer accidents and injuries; improved ability to attract and retain quality employees; improved customer service and satisfaction; and lower healthcare costs (APA, 2014). The presenters will discuss employer costs of MH claims and how psychologically healthy workplaces align with successful DM programs, decreasing MH claims and costs. Opportunities for future research include the United States Affordable Care Act (ACA) and its impact on MH (Mechanic, 2012) through provisions that encourage employers to adopt health promotion programs (Goetzel et al., 2012) and opportunities for research including comparisons of multinational employers regarding MH costs in countries with single payer systems, and in those without (United States), (Tanner, 2013).

Can We Change the Culture to Promote Psychological Health?

Mood Prep 101 ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 255-266
Author(s):  
Carol Landau
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
United States ◽  
Young People ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
The United States ◽  
Psychological Problems ◽  
College Application ◽  
Individual Achievement ◽  
The Way

All of the issues in this book take place in the context of a competitive, overly individualistic environment. Many educators and journalists have suggested that this is stressful to students. A study of stress in in the United States confirms that students view college application stress as detrimental to their mental health. This chapter suggests that it is incumbent upon parents and educators to lead the way in reducing the pressure, to focus more on collaboration and less on competition and individual achievement. At the same time, we need to reduce the stigma of psychological problems in order to be more humane and to encourage young people to get help when they need it.

Acculturative Stress and Bicultural Stress

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Romero ◽  
Brandy Piña-Watson
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
United States ◽  
Acculturative Stress ◽  
Immigration Policy ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cultural Conflict ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Policy Context ◽  
The Us ◽  
Bicultural Stress

This chapter discusses the concepts of acculturative and bicultural stress, the theory and method behind the measurement, and the implications of the US immigration policy context for stress. The central sources of acculturative and bicultural stress are reviewed, including intergroup discrimination, language stress, intragroup marginalization, and family cultural conflict. In particular, literature is reviewed that examines the association between mental health and acculturative or bicultural stress. Extant research does demonstrate that degree of stress varies for individuals and that acculturative/bicultural stress is experienced not only by immigrants but also by minorities in the United States. Therefore, the present chapter reviews literature that connects the acculturative/bicultural stress process across generations. The immigration context is considered for future research in the area of acculturation and stress.

Effects of gender and verbal aggression on perceptions of U.S. political speakers

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte Nau ◽  
Craig O. Stewart
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Verbal Aggression ◽  
The Other ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female Speaker ◽  
Perceived Credibility ◽  
Male Speaker ◽  
Political Speeches

Abstract Two experiments tested whether male and female political speakers in the United States are judged differently when they use verbal attacks. Participants read eight short excerpts of political speeches, half of which contained character and competence attacks (the other half without such attacks), and half of which were attributed to a female speaker (the other half a male speaker), and rated these in terms of agreement with the message, and perceptions of credibility, appropriateness, and aggressiveness. In both experiments, messages containing verbally aggressive attacks resulted in less perceived credibility and appropriateness, and these negative effects were consistent regardless of the speaker’s gender. In Experiment 1, women tended to penalize aggressive speakers more so than did men, suggesting the men are less sensitive to verbal aggression in their evaluations of political speakers. However, women tended to perceive non-aggressive female speakers as more aggressive than male speakers. Most of these interaction effects were not replicated in Experiment 2.

Human Rights Progress in Psychiatry: More Apparent Than Real (Observations and Reflections on Life in the Texas Mental Health Courts)

2006 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-254
Author(s):  
John Breeding
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
United States ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Informed Consent ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Other ◽  
Mental Health Courts ◽  
Modern Psychiatry ◽  
History Of ◽  
The One

The history of modern psychiatry includes a legacy of coercion and infamous physical and mechanical treatments, on the one hand, and progress in human rights, particularly patient rights, on the other. The purpose of this article is to remind readers that this modern progress in psychiatry is more apparent than real. The author’s experience with recent cases in the mental health courts is discussed in order to demonstrate the ongoing abuse of human rights in psychiatry. A brief look at other aspects of the current mental health climate in the United States is also provided, along with considerations of informed consent.

scholarly journals A Systematic Review of Unpublished and Non-Refereed Music Therapy Mental Health Papers Found via Google Scholar

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Melody R Peterson ◽  
Michael J Silverman
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
United States ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Music Therapy ◽  
The United States ◽  
Google Scholar ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Mental Health Literature ◽  
Doctoral Dissertations

As Google Scholar searches yield unpublished papers, it may inadvertently impact the perception of the music therapy literature for clinicians, researchers, and service users. Therefore, the purpose of this systematic review was to identify and analyze the current literature comprised of unpublished and non-refereed papers regarding music therapy and mental health from January 2000 to September 2017 located via Google Scholar. After establishing inclusion and exclusion criteria, papers were identified using a variety of combinations of music therapy and mental health keywords. Twenty-one papers met inclusion criteria. Sixteen papers were master’s theses and five were doctoral dissertations. Almost half of the papers (n = 8) involved adolescents with mental health diagnoses. Although not all papers contained data, more papers contained qualitative data (n = 10) than quantitative data (n = 3). The unpublished music therapy and mental health literature may represent a valuable resource for guiding clinical practice and research. As the majority of authors were affiliated with universities outside the United States, perhaps there is greater interest in mental health outside the United States. It is concerning that many identified papers required additional login credentials. Implications for clinical practice, limitations, and suggestions for future research are provided.

Psychological distress among Bhutanese refugees living in the northeast region of the United States

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramraj Gautam ◽  
Jason Rydberg ◽  
Ivy Ho ◽  
Bhola Siwakoti ◽  
William Chadbourne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
United States ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Negative Binomial Regression ◽  
The United States ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Bhutanese Refugees ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The purpose of this study was to examine predictors of psychological distress among adult Bhutanese refugees living in the United States. We recruited 376 adult Bhutanese refugees living in the northeast US region, the majority of whom were employed, married men in their 40 s who were US citizens. Using Bayesian Negative Binomial Regression modelling, we examined the impact of sociodemographic measures, health status and refugee integration measures on psychological distress outcomes. The most common predictors of depression, stress and anxiety were social connection deficits and self-reported health conditions. Other associated factors included: health access deficits, number of years living in the US, paid employment, citizenship and living in more than one US city. The findings of our study revealed that mental health outcomes in this subset of the population of Bhutanese refugees are impacted by a variety of social and health related factors. Public policy makers and practitioners need to recognize the complex issues affecting mental health of Bhutanese refugees. Advocacy for expanded culturally congruent policies and evidence based mental health services are recommended. Future research needs to examine culturally relevant concepts and measures related to mental health and integration in this population.

How Religious Beliefs and Practices Influence the Psychological Health of Catholic Priests

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 325-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Isacco ◽  
Ethan Sahker ◽  
Elizabeth Krinock ◽  
Wonjin Sim ◽  
Deanna Hamilton
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
Roman Catholic ◽  
The United States ◽  
Internal Conflict ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Positive Outcomes ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Relationship With God ◽  
Beliefs And Practices ◽  
Positive Effects

Roman Catholic diocesan priests are a subgroup of men with unique religious and spiritual roles, beliefs, and practices. This qualitative study of 15 priests from the mid-Atlantic area of the United States focused on how priests’ relationship with God and promises of celibacy and obedience influenced their psychological health. Using a consensual qualitative research (CQR) design, the analysis revealed that participants described their relationship with God as central to their health and contributing to positive outcomes (e.g., sense of connection and support). The influence of their promises of celibacy and obedience were linked to both positive outcomes (e.g., decreased stress, improved relationships) and negative outcomes (e.g., internal conflict, depression/loneliness). This study highlighted the central role that priests’ relationship with God has on positive psychological health. Future research is necessary to understand how to maximize the positive effects and minimize the negative effects of priests’ promises of celibacy and obedience, which would benefit programs aimed at supporting priests’ psychological health.

Social exclusion, mental health, and social well-being among African immigrants in the United States

2021 ◽  
pp. 002087282096342
Author(s):  
Sherinah Saasa ◽  
David Okech ◽  
Yoon Joon Choi ◽  
Larry Nackerud ◽  
Tenesha Littleton
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
United States ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
African Immigrants ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Economic Exclusion ◽  
Social Work Interventions

This study examined the effects of social exclusion (socio-cultural and structural-economic exclusion) on the mental health and social well-being of African immigrants in the United States ( N = 409). We found that social exclusion increased depression and anxiety symptoms, decreased societal trust, increased subjective isolation, and increased worries about one’s safety among African immigrants. The results further indicated strong negative effects of discrimination on mental health and social well-being. The findings highlight the need for social work interventions that target discrimination and structural exclusionary mechanisms in efforts to improve the mental health and social well-being of African immigrants in the United States.

scholarly journals The Changing Landscape of Peer Aggression: A Literature Review on Cyberbullying and Interventions

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katie Davis ◽  
Justin Reich ◽  
Carrie James
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Young People ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
The United States ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Peer Aggression ◽  
Traditional Bullying ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Perpetrators And Victims

While traditional forms of bullying have been steadily decreasing over the course of the last two decades, cyberbullying has emerged as a major concern among parents, teachers, and other professionals working with young people. Because cyberbullying is a relatively new phenomenon, its research base is not as well developed as research on traditional bullying. In this literature review, the authors synthesize current knowledge on cyberbullying’s prevalence among youth; its relationship to offline bullying; which youth are most likely to be perpetrators and victims; the negative effects of cyberbullying on victims; and the landscape of intervention efforts currently employed in the United States. In the process, they highlight areas in need of future research.

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