Prevalence of Postpartum Depression and Associated Predictors Among Taiwanese Women in a Mother-Child Friendly Hospital

Postpartum depression (PPD) is a highly prevalent disorder characterized by increased vulnerability to morbidity and mortality. This study explores the predictors and prevalence of PPD among Taiwanese women. A total of 914 postpartum women was recruited from a mother-child-friendly hospital. These participants completed self-report questionnaires at 1 month postpartum, and their medical records were also examined for relevant information. Multivariate analyses were used to identify independent predictors of PPD. At 1 month postpartum, 18.8% had developed PPD. Multivariate analysis showed that the odds ratios for PPD were significantly lower among women who were breastfeeding, had more family support, and attended a postpartum care center, while those who were younger, primiparous, and who experienced gestational complications had a higher prevalence of PPD. Meanwhile, structural equation modeling showed that family support from partners, parents, and parents-in-law diminished depression scores through direct effects.

Download Full-text

Adjustment Outcomes of Native and Immigrant Youth in Spain: A Mediation Model

The Spanish Journal of Psychology ◽

10.1017/sjp.2018.19 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 21 ◽

Author(s):

Lucía López-Rodríguez ◽

Marisol Navas ◽

Isabel Cuadrado ◽

Moshe Tatar

Keyword(s):

Family Support ◽

Problem Behaviors ◽

Psychological Adjustment ◽

Structural Equation ◽

School Adjustment ◽

Well Being ◽

Specific Model ◽

Self Report ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Immigrant Adolescents

AbstractThis work proposes a conceptual model of psychological adjustment of native and immigrant adolescents who live in Spain. Psychological adjustment was expected to mediate between perceived family support and adolescents’ school adjustment and problem behaviors. Spanish adolescents (n = 156) and immigrant adolescents (n = 137) filled out a self-report questionnaire regarding their perceived family support, psychological adjustment (i.e., self-esteem and life satisfaction), school adjustment, and problem behaviors. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was used to examine the relational patterns among these variables. The specific model –with psychological adjustment mediating between family support and school adjustment (z = 2.70, β = .21, p = .007 for Spanish adolescents, and z = 2.42, β = .16, p = .015 for immigrant adolescents), and school adjustment mediating between psychological adjustment and problem behaviors (z = –2.51, β = –.14, p = .012 for Spanish adolescents, and z = –2.01, β = –.11, p = .044 for immigrant adolescents) was confirmed for both samples. An implication of this study is the relevance of adolescents’ family support to their well-being, and the mediating role of psychological adjustment between family support and school adjustment.

Download Full-text

Postpartum depression symptoms in survey-based research: a structural equation analysis

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/s12889-020-09999-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Che Wan Jasimah Bt Wan Mohamed Radzi ◽

Hashem Salarzadeh Jenatabadi ◽

Nadia Samsudin

Keyword(s):

Postpartum Depression ◽

Latent Variable ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Depression Symptoms ◽

Postpartum Women ◽

Unhealthy Food ◽

High Level

Abstract Background Since the last decade, postpartum depression (PPD) has been recognized as a significant public health problem, and several factors have been linked to PPD. Mothers at risk are rarely undetected and underdiagnosed. Our study aims to determine the factors leading to symptoms of depression using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis. In this research, we introduced a new framework for postpartum depression modeling for women. Methods We structured the model of this research to take into consideration the Malaysian culture in particular. A total of 387 postpartum women have completed the questionnaire. The symptoms of postpartum depression were examined using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), and they act as a dependent variable in this research model. Results Four hundred fifty mothers were invited to participate in this research. 86% of the total distributed questionnaire received feedback. The majority of 79.6% of respondents were having depression symptoms. The highest coefficients of factor loading analysis obtained in every latent variable indicator were income (β = 0.77), screen time (β = 0.83), chips (β = 0.85), and anxiety (β = 0.88). Lifestyle, unhealthy food, and BMI variables were directly affected by the dependent variable. Based on the output, respondents with a high level of depression symptoms tended to consume more unhealthy food and had a high level of body mass indexes (BMI). The highest significant impact on depression level among postpartum women was unhealthy food consumption. Based on our model, the findings indicated that 76% of the variances stemmed from a variety of factors: socio-demographics, lifestyle, healthy food, unhealthy food, and BMI. The strength of the exogenous and endogenous variables in this research framework is strong. Conclusion The prevalence of postpartum women with depression symptoms in this study is considerably high. It is, therefore, imperative that postpartum women seek medical help to prevent postpartum depressive symptoms from worsening.

Download Full-text

Are perceptions of grandparenthood related to family and life satisfaction? A study with emerging adults

Journal of Social and Personal Relationships ◽

10.1177/0265407520981152 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 026540752098115

Author(s):

Isabel Miguel ◽

Alexandra M. Araújo ◽

Sandra Fernandes ◽

Luísa Carneiro ◽

Paula Fernandes

Keyword(s):

Life Satisfaction ◽

Emerging Adults ◽

Family Relationships ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Emerging Adult ◽

Well Being ◽

Family Satisfaction ◽

Self Report ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Adult Grandchildren

Given the crucial role that grandparents play in the upbringing and well-being of their grandchildren, research regarding the perceived importance of grandparents for their emerging adult grandchildren is of particular relevance. This study examined the relations between perceived grandparents’ roles and family and life satisfaction in Portuguese emerging adults. Participants (N = 387), aged 18–25, completed a structured self-report questionnaire. Findings of structural equation modeling showed that emerging adults’ perceptions of grandparental roles of counselor, enjoying the relationship, and indulgence are positively related to their family and life satisfaction. The mediation analysis showed that family satisfaction mediated the relation between perceptions of grandparents acting as counselors and the life satisfaction of emerging adult grandchildren. Implications of family relationships and grandparenting in the context of emerging adulthood are discussed.

Download Full-text

On the Structure of Affect

Zeitschrift für Psychologie ◽

10.1027/2151-2604/a000434 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 229 (1) ◽

pp. 24-37 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Nadine Wedderhoff ◽

Timo Gnambs ◽

Oliver Wedderhoff ◽

Tanja Burgard ◽

Michael Bošnjak

Keyword(s):

Structural Equation Modeling ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Factor Model ◽

Self Report ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Positive And Negative Affect ◽

Correlation Matrices ◽

The World ◽

Best Fit ◽

Cross National

Abstract. The Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS; Watson et al., 1988 ) is a popular self-report questionnaire that is administered all over the world. Though originally developed to measure two independent factors, different models have been proposed in the literature. Comparisons among alternative models as well as analyses concerning their robustness in cross-national research have left an inconclusive picture. Therefore, the present study evaluates the dimensionality of the PANAS and differences between English and translated versions of the PANAS using a meta-analytic structural equation modeling approach. Correlation matrices from 57 independent samples ( N = 54,043) were pooled across subsamples. For both English and non-English samples, a correlated two-factor model including correlated uniquenesses provided the best fit. However, measurement invariance analyses indicated differences in factor loadings between subsamples. Thus, cross-national application of the PANAS might only be justified if measurement equivalence was explicitly tested for the countries at hand.

Download Full-text

Shared leadership and team creativity: a team level mixed-methods study

Team Performance Management ◽

10.1108/tpm-11-2020-0097 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽

Author(s):

Lei Xie ◽

Soo Jeoung Han ◽

Michael Beyerlein ◽

Jiacheng Lu ◽

Lillian Vukin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mixed Methods ◽

Shared Leadership ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Research Question ◽

Self Report ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Team Creativity ◽

Content Type ◽

Video Recordings ◽

Multi Level

Purpose This paper aims to conduct two studies to investigate shared leadership and team creativity (TC) in leaderless short-term project teams (STPTs). Design/methodology/approach To answer the research question, this paper used a multi-level mixed-methods design. This paper analyzed video recordings, transcripts of STPTs’ collaboration and self-report surveys from an international engineering competition. In Study 1, this paper attempted to connect relation-oriented shared leadership (ROSL) and task-oriented shared leadership (TOSL) with TC by coding video recordings. In Study 2, this paper further investigated the proposed positive relationship between shared leadership and TC by surveying a sample of 166 students in 51 teams. Findings In Study 1, this paper found that shared leadership covaries with TC following a similar behavioral pattern. In Study 2, multi-level structural equation modeling results suggested that both TOSL and ROSL are positively correlated with TC. Originality/value In this mixed-methods multi-level research, this paper found that when the team’s shared leadership increases, their TC activity becomes frequent. This paper confirmed the qualitative finding by quantitatively investigated the relationship between shared leadership and creativity at the team level.

Download Full-text

Age-Related Effects on Interoceptive Accuracy, General Interoceptive Sensibility, and Specific Interoceptive Sensibility

European Journal of Health Psychology ◽

10.1027/2512-8442/a000060 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 27 (4) ◽

pp. 154-170 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

L. Nusser ◽

O. Pollatos ◽

D. Zimprich

Keyword(s):

Structural Equation ◽

Empirical Support ◽

Self Report ◽

Three Dimensions ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Adult Lifespan ◽

Age Related ◽

Physical Diseases ◽

Interoceptive Accuracy ◽

Subjective Belief

Abstract. Background: The current research into interoception distinguishes between interoceptive accuracy (IAcc), the accurate detection of internal sensations (e.g., heartbeats) as measured by performance on objective IAcc tasks, and interoceptive sensibility (IS), the subjective belief concerning one’s own experience of internal sensations as measured either through self-report questionnaires or through one’s confidence in the accuracy during an IAcc task. Aims: As the two measures of IS, however, are usually uncorrelated and show differential relationships to IAcc, we suggest different types of IS, a general IS and a specific IS. Further, based on a growing body of research linking IAcc and IS to physical and mental diseases, the development of interoception across the adult lifespan is of importance. Methods: Using Structural Equation Modeling the present paper investigates the relationships among IAcc assessed by a heartbeat counting task, and the two proposed dimensions of IS in 138 participants ( Mage = 42.67, SDage = 18.77). Furthermore, we examine age-related differences in IAcc, as well as in general and specific IS. Results: In terms of the relationship between the three dimensions, general and specific IS were weakly correlated and exhibited different relationships to IAcc. Further, we found different age effects on the three interoceptive dimensions. Whereas IAcc decreased with age, specific IS tend to increase with age, and general IS remained unaffected by age. Conclusion: The findings provide further empirical support for a dissociation between general and specific IS and raised important questions concerning the relation between interoceptive accuracy and the emergence of physical diseases in older age.

Download Full-text

Data-based ethical decision making, lateral relations, and organizational commitment

Employee Relations ◽

10.1108/er-10-2017-0240 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 40 (6) ◽

pp. 946-963 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Sean Robert Valentine ◽

David Hollingworth ◽

Patrick Schultz

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Organizational Commitment ◽

Information Flow ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Ethical Decision ◽

Ethical Decision Making ◽

Ethical Issues ◽

Self Report ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Content Type

Purpose Focusing on ethical issues when making organizational decisions should encourage a variety of positive outcomes for companies and their employees. The purpose of this paper is to determine the degree to which data-based ethical decision making, lateral relations and organizational commitment are interrelated in organizations. Design/methodology/approach Data were collected from business professionals employed at multiple locations of a financial services firm operating in the USA. Mediation analysis (based on structural equation modeling) was used to test the proposed relationships. Findings Results indicated that employees’ perceptions of data-based ethical decision making were positively related to perceived lateral relations, and that perceived lateral relations were positively related to organizational commitment. Research limitations/implications Given that information was collected using only a self-report questionnaire, common method bias could be an issue. In addition, the study’s cross-sectional design limits conclusions about causality. Another limitation involves the study’s homogenous sample, which decreases the generalizability of the findings. Finally, variable responses could have been impacted by individual frames of reference and other perceptual differences. Practical implications Results suggest that information flow enhancements should support or be consistent with horizontal information flow enhancements, and that together these factors should increase employee commitment. Originality/value Given the dearth of existing research, this interdisciplinary investigation is important because it fills gaps in the management literature. This study is also important because the results could inform decisions regarding the use of data analysis in ethical decisions and lateral forms of organizational structuring to improve work attitudes.

Download Full-text

The relations among empathy, occupational commitment, and emotional exhaustion of nurses

Medicina ◽

10.3390/medicina43050052 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 43 (5) ◽

pp. 425 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Saule Raižiene ◽

Aukse Endriulaitiene

Keyword(s):

Structural Equation Modeling ◽

Emotional Exhaustion ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Maslach Burnout Inventory ◽

Self Report ◽

Occupational Commitment ◽

Reactivity Index ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Sample Group ◽

Nursing Experience

The objective of this study was to determine whether empathy and occupational commitment significantly contribute to the emotional exhaustion of nurses. The sample group was 158 nurses from two regional Lithuanian hospitals, who completed self-report measures. A questionnaire consisted of 10 items reflecting empathy appearing on Davis (1983) Indi- vidual Reactivity Index, 4 occupational commitment items from Miller et al. (1988), and 7 emotional exhaustion items from the Maslach Burnout Inventory (Maslach, Jackson, 1981). Correlation analyses and structural equation modeling were employed to interpret the results. The results showed that nurses’ occupational commitment plays an important role in the degree of emotional exhaustion they experience. Nurses having more empathy are more likely to develop higher occupational commitment. In addition, it was found that higher levels of empathy and occupational commitment of nurses are associated with lower emotional exhaustion. Nurses who stayed in the profession longer developed stronger occupational commitment. Therefore, the conclusion was made that differences in emotional exhaustion among nurses may be explained directly by occupational commitment and indirectly by empathy and nursing experience.

Download Full-text

Overlapping dimensional phenotypes of impulsivity and compulsivity explain co-occurrence of addictive and related behaviors

CNS Spectrums ◽

10.1017/s1092852918001244 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 24 (04) ◽

pp. 426-440 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Jeggan Tiego ◽

Sanne Oostermeijer ◽

Luisa Prochazkova ◽

Linden Parkes ◽

Andrew Dawson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Impulse Control ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Bifactor Model ◽

Self Report ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Control Problems ◽

Addictive Behaviors ◽

Obsessive Beliefs ◽

Obsessive Compulsive ◽

Amazon's Mechanical Turk

ObjectiveImpulsivity and compulsivity have been implicated as important transdiagnostic dimensional phenotypes with potential relevance to addiction. We aimed to develop a model that conceptualizes these constructs as overlapping dimensional phenotypes and test whether different components of this model explain the co-occurrence of addictive and related behaviors.MethodsA large sample of adults (N = 487) was recruited through Amazon’s Mechanical Turk and completed self-report questionnaires measuring impulsivity, intolerance of uncertainty, obsessive beliefs, and the severity of 6 addictive and related behaviors. Hierarchical clustering was used to organize addictive behaviors into homogenous groups reflecting their co-occurrence. Structural equation modeling was used to evaluate fit of the hypothesized bifactor model of impulsivity and compulsivity and determine the proportion of variance explained in the co-occurrence of addictive and related behaviors by each component of the model.ResultsAddictive and related behaviors clustered into 2 distinct groups: Impulse-Control Problems, consisting of harmful alcohol use, pathological gambling, and compulsive buying, and Obsessive-Compulsive-Related Problems, consisting of obsessive-compulsive symptoms, binge eating, and internet addiction. The hypothesized bifactor model of impulsivity and compulsivity provided the best empirical fit, with 3 uncorrelated factors corresponding to a general Disinhibition dimension, and specific Impulsivity and Compulsivity dimensions. These dimensional phenotypes uniquely and additively explained 39.9% and 68.7% of the total variance in Impulse-Control Problems and Obsessive-Compulsive-Related Problems.ConclusionA model of impulsivity and compulsivity that represents these constructs as overlapping dimensional phenotypes has important implications for understanding addictive and related behaviors in terms of shared etiology, comorbidity, and potential transdiagnostic treatments.

Download Full-text

Altruism and Malevolence: Opposite Ends of a Single Dimension

10.31234/osf.io/x3by6 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

William H.B. McAuliffe ◽

Michael E. McCullough ◽

Debra Lieberman

Keyword(s):

Gold Standard ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Standard Measure ◽

Self Report ◽

Sexual History ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Single Dimension ◽

Personality Correlates ◽

History Of

Although the possibility sounds paradoxical, several studies have found that positive and negative regard for others’ welfare are orthogonal and have unique personality correlates. We tested whether this result is an artefact of treating the oft-used self-report altruism scale (SRA) as unidimensional. In a pilot study of students and community-dwelling adults (N = 276, 190 women; Meanage = 21.67, SDage = 7.49), we factor analyzed the SRA. We confirmed its factor structure in a study of Mechanical Turk workers (N = 814; 410 women; Meanage = 36.6, SDage = 11.19). Using an S-1 bifactor model, we created a “gold standard” general altruism factor composed of idiographic, behavioral, and questionnaire measures. We used structural equation modeling to assess how the SRA and the gold standard measure relate to gender, sexual history, and malevolence. The SRA contained three factors across both studies. The factor that accounted for the most variance positively correlated with sadism and psychopathy, a history of uncommitted sex, and being male. The other two SRA factors and the gold standard measure generally evinced the opposite associations. In conclusion, regard for other’s welfare is likely a single dimension of personality with a unified nomological network.

Download Full-text