Life satisfaction and adolescent music making: A comparison of youth choirs and bands in Spain

2021 ◽  
pp. 102986492110214
Author(s):  
Salvador Oriola-Requena ◽  
Diego Calderón-Garrido ◽  
Josep Gustems
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Academic Motivation ◽  
Musical Instrument ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Leadership Capacity ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Social And Emotional ◽  
Music Making ◽  
Youth Music

Adolescents who are members of youth music groups learn music and develop other skills such as group work and conflict resolution. These skills and feelings may represent socioemotional factors underlying increased life satisfaction, leadership capacity, and academic motivation, together with the acquisition of emotional skills. The aim of the research was to determine the degree of life satisfaction reported by a sample of 660 Spanish adolescents who were members of a youth band or choir. It also aimed to examine correlations between life satisfaction, leadership capacity, academic motivation, and emotional development. Potential differences between these variables attributable to participants’ age, gender, type of youth music group, and musical instrument played were explored using a cross-sectional survey comprising four standardized questionnaires. The results show that the participants were highly satisfied with their lives. There were strong positive correlations between the variables studied but also some significant differences between the two groups (choirs and bands), and between players of different instrument families. These results are in line with those other studies, confirming the positive influence of group music making on adolescents’ social and emotional growth.

scholarly journals Development of the Psychological Insight Questionnaire among a sample of people who have consumed psilocybin or LSD

2021 ◽  
pp. 026988112096787
Author(s):  
Alan K Davis ◽  
Frederick S Barrett ◽  
Sara So ◽  
Natalie Gukasyan ◽  
Thomas C Swift ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Longitudinal Research ◽  
Psychological Flexibility ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Strong Correlations ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Therapeutic Outcomes

Background: Several measures have been developed to examine acute psychedelic effects (e.g. mystical-type and challenging experiences), but no measure assesses acute psychologically insightful experiences that may occur during psychedelic experiences. Aim: The purpose of this study was to develop and examine the psychometric properties of the Psychological Insight Questionnaire. Method: A cross-sectional survey study among psilocybin and LSD users. Respondents ( n=1661; Mage=22.9, standard deviation=8.5; Caucasian/White=83%; non-Hispanic=91%; men=72%; United States resident=66%) completed an Internet-based survey. Results: The Psychological Insight Questionnaire consists of 23 items with two subscales: (a) Avoidance and Maladaptive Patterns Insights and (b) Goals and Adaptive Patterns Insights. Construct validity of the Psychological Insight Questionnaire was supported by strong correlations of the Psychological Insight Questionnaire (and Avoidance and Maladaptive Patterns Insights and Goals and Adaptive Patterns Insights subscales) scores with the insight subscale of the Session Impacts Scale, and weak-to-moderate correlations with the Mystical Experiences and Challenging Experiences Questionnaires. Furthermore, Psychological Insight Questionnaire (and Avoidance and Maladaptive Patterns Insights and Goals and Adaptive Patterns Insights subscales) scores were moderately-to-strongly correlated with retrospectively reported increases in psychological flexibility, and well-being/life satisfaction that were attributed to a memorable psychedelic experience. Lastly, incremental validity was established showing that the Psychological Insight Questionnaire (and Avoidance and Maladaptive Patterns Insights subscale) scores predict unique variance in changes in psychological flexibility, and Psychological Insight Questionnaire (and Avoidance and Maladaptive Patterns Insights and Goals and Adaptive Patterns Insights subscales) scores predict changes in well-being and life satisfaction, beyond measures of acute mystical-type and challenging effects. Conclusions: The Psychological Insight Questionnaire has the potential to extend the understanding of the acute and enduring effects of psychedelics. Further longitudinal research is necessary to determine the long-term predictive validity of the Psychological Insight Questionnaire and to examine the role of psychological insight in predicting therapeutic outcomes.

scholarly journals Role Models as a Factor Influencing Career Choice Among Female Surgical Residents inSaudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rawan Harun ◽  
Reem Almustafa ◽  
Zainab AlKhalifah ◽  
Abdullah Namazi ◽  
Abdalmohsen Albaqami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Career Choice ◽  
Role Models ◽  
Role Model ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Medical Field ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Surgical Residents ◽  
Surgical Career ◽  
Female Surgeons

Abstract Background and purposeRole models in the medical field are professional and experienced persons whose actions unconsciously inspire juniors to strive to be like them. To our knowledge, no studies have examined whether having a female surgical role model has influenced women to pursue a surgical career in Saudi Arabia. Hence, we sought to evaluate the effect of having a female surgical role model and the presence of female surgeons on female surgical residents and their choice of surgery as a career.MethodsWe employed a cross-sectional, survey- based study design, conducted between June 2020 and January 2021, in which female surgical residents completed a questionnaire on their perceptions and influence of role models in general surgery specialty at the time they pursuit a career in surgery.ResultsA total of 51 respondents (78.5%) completed the questionnaire. The majority of them (78.4%) had a role model and (19.6%) indicated that their role model was a female. Of those who had a role model, (67.5%) agreed that they had a positive influence on their surgical career choice. Clinical and operation skills were reported as the most important factor to be considered about role models. Working directly with a male surgical consultant and female surgical residents left a positive influence but this did not reach a statistical significance.ConclusionPersonal exposure to role models can have a positive influence on female surgical residents in choosing a surgical career. provide a appropriate role models as well as formal mentorship programs are warranted, that would allow female trainees to interact with senior surgeon mentors, thereby drawing attention to the field of surgery.

scholarly journals Expectations Regarding Dental Practice: A Cross-Sectional Survey of European Dental Students

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (19) ◽  
pp. 7296
Author(s):  
Thomas Gerhard Wolf ◽  
Ralf Friedrich Wagner ◽  
Oliver Zeyer ◽  
Duygu Ilhan ◽  
Tin Crnić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Private Equity ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Career Planning ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Insurance Companies ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Future Career ◽  
Significant Difference

Obtaining information on expectations among dental students regarding their career planning was the main purpose of this observational online survey. The questionnaire was designed with 18 items in five different languages: English, French, German, Italian and Spanish. Data were collected on nationality, age, sex, country of residence, university attended, semester, expected year of graduation and expectations about future career. More than 3000 participants (n = 3851, 2863 females 74.34% and 988 males 25.66% with a sex ratio of 0.35) participated in the survey. Almost one-third (31.29%) of the participants plan to start their own practice at least three years after vocational training, a quarter (25.76%) after three, and only 12.59% after one year. A positive influence of the family in the decision to start a practice was observed in 50.07% of the sample with a statistically significant difference regarding sex (p < 0.01). Almost one-third of the participants did not wish to work in an institution run by private equity or insurance companies, while 21.79% would work in that environment (p < 0.01). European dental students desire mainly to become self-employed and start their own practice. New professional practices also offer them options for their future career that they have not yet decided on or thought about.

scholarly journals Does smoking reduction make smokers happier? Evidence from a cross-sectional survey

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Beard ◽  
Jamie Brown ◽  
Robert West
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Harm Reduction ◽  
Replacement Therapy ◽  
Nicotine Replacement Therapy ◽  
Clinical Excellence ◽  
Smoking Reduction ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nicotine Replacement ◽  
The Uk

Objectives: Stopping smoking leads to greater happiness and life satisfaction. This raises the question as to whether harm reduction, i.e. smoking reduction (SR) and the use of Nicotine Replacement Therapy (NRT) for SR, might lead to a similar benefit. This is of importance, given that the National Institute of Clinical Excellence in the UK is due to release guidance on harm reduction in 2013.Design: Data were collected from 1,532 smokers involved in the Smoking Toolkit Study.Method: Participants were asked if they were cutting down and if they were using Nicotine Replacement Therapy (NRT). Smokers also rated happiness and life satisfaction.Results: There was no evidence of an association between SR or use of NRT for SR and either reported ‘happiness’ or ‘life satisfaction’. Nor was there an association between measures of ‘happiness’ or ‘life satisfaction’ and cigarette consumption.Conclusion: It appears that SR is not associated with mental health benefits. This suggests that complete cessation may be necessary for benefits to be incurred. Prospective studies are necessary to confirm these findings.

scholarly journals Leader Empowering Behaviors and Psychological Empowerment as Perceived by Young Hospital Staff Nurses: A Pilot Study

Jurnal NERS ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Ryan Michael Flores Oducado
Keyword(s):  
Work Experience ◽  
Psychological Empowerment ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Hospital Staff ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Staff Nurses ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional

Introduction: Empowerment has become an important concept in nursing that has gained acknowledgment in theories and practice of leadership and management. A positive organization espouses empowerment to attract and retain employees. While it is not new to nursing, there is little published research on empowerment among nurses in the Philippines. This study aimed to measure young staff nurses’ perception of leader empowering behaviors and psychological empowerment.Methods: This study used a cross-sectional survey design participated by 44 conveniently chosen staff nurses in a private teaching and training hospital in Iloilo City, Philippines. The participants were asked to answer 5-point Likert scale questions utilizing adopted instruments. Descriptive and non-parametric statistical stools were used with Mann-Whitney U test to determine differences and Spearman’s rank correlation to establish relationship between variables.Results: Overall, young staff nurses perceived their leaders’ behaviors to be highly empowering (M=3.89). Staff nurses also had a high level of psychological empowerment (M=4.07). Leader empowering behaviors was significantly related to staff nurses’ perception of psychological empowerment (p=.001). Staff nurses’ level of psychological empowerment were significantly different in terms of employment status (p=.020) and years of work experience (p=.014).Conclusion: This study highlights the positive influence of the empowering behaviors of leaders in enhancing staff nurses’ level of psychological empowerment. It is vital for nurse managers to continually demonstrate leadership behaviors that empower staff nurses at the unit level.

scholarly journals Positive Thinking, School Adjustment and Psychological Well-being among Chinese College Students

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-159
Author(s):  
Raymond C.F. Chui ◽  
Chi-K. Chan
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
School Adjustment ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Positive Thinking ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Chinese College Students ◽  
College Going

Background: Previous studies have found that traditional positive Chinese beliefs contribute to the maintenance of the quality of life. It is interesting to explore the functions of positive thinking on stress in the Chinese context in order to test whether positive thinking influences the psychological well-being of college students. Objective: This study aims to examine the associations between positive thinking, school adjustment, and the psychological well-being of Chinese college-going students. It investigates the moderating role of positive thinking in the effects of poor school adjustment on stress and well-being. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was administered to 299 male and 396 female college students aged 17-28 years across eight universities of Hong Kong. Results: Results confirmed that school adjustment was negatively related to stress (β= -.194) and positively related to life satisfaction ( β = .074). It was also indirectly related to psychological distress via stress ( β = -.194; β = .620). Moreover, positive thinking was a moderator to the relationships between school adjustment and stress ( β = .011) and to the relationships between school adjustment and life satisfaction ( β = -.009). School adjustment was more related to stress at higher levels of positive thinking while it was more related to life satisfaction at lower levels of positive thinking. Conclusion: These results suggested that enhancing positive thinking is beneficial to Chinese college-going students’ psychological well-being. Therefore, student services at universities can consider organizing workshops to educate and promote the appropriate use of positive thinking for students to alleviate their stress and enhance their psychological well-being.

scholarly journals General self-efficacy in individuals with visual impairment compared with the general population

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. e0254043
Author(s):  
Audun Brunes ◽  
Marianne B. Hansen ◽  
Trond Heir
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
General Population ◽  
Visual Impairment ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Vision Loss ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Norwegian Population ◽  
General Self Efficacy

Background Knowledge about self-efficacy and its significance for the quality of life of people with visual impairment is lacking. The aims of the study were to compare general self-efficacy in individuals with visual impairment with the general population, and to investigate the association between self-efficacy and life satisfaction. Methods A telephone-based cross-sectional survey was conducted between January and May 2017 in a probability sample of adults who were members of the Norwegian Association of the Blind and Partially Sighted. Participants were asked questions about their sociodemographic characteristics, characteristics of vision loss, general self-efficacy (General Self-efficacy Scale), and life satisfaction (Cantril’s Ladder of Life Satisfaction). We obtained norm data from a representative survey of the general Norwegian population (N = 1792; mean age 53.2 years; 52.5% females). Results People with visual impairment had higher levels of general self-efficacy than people in the general population (Mean: 31.5 versus 29.0, p < .001). Results from linear regression analyses of the visual impairment population showed that higher education and residential in an urban municipality were associated with higher self-efficacy. Having additional impairments and a previous history of physical or sexual assaults were associated with lower self-efficacy. A linear dose-response relationship was found between self-efficacy and life satisfaction, in the visual impairment population as well as in the general population. Conclusions People with visual impairment have higher self-efficacy than people in the general population, possibly due to extensive mastery experience in how to handle life as visually impaired. Self-efficacy seems to be important in achieving the best possible life.

scholarly journals Factors Related to the Behavior of People Who Have Never Used the Internet for Voluntary Reasons: Cross-Sectional Survey Study

10.2196/20453 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. e20453
Author(s):  
Keeho Park
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Information And Communications Technology ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Predicting Factors ◽  
Social Capitals

Background If there are people who do not want to use the internet despite having the circumstances and conditions for using it, another policy consideration will be needed. Objective The purpose of this study was to explore the factors related to the behavior of people who do not voluntarily use the internet. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2018. It used a proportional quota random sampling design to select a representative sample of Koreans. Accordingly, 6150 participants were included in the study. Multiple logistic regression methods were used to explore the predicting factors of the act of voluntarily not using the internet. Results Age, education level, bonding and bridging social capitals, and daily life satisfaction for health status were found to be factors related to the behavior of not voluntarily using the internet. However, gender, household income, occupation, family size, and community type were not related to voluntary nonuse of the internet. Conclusions It was found that sociodemographic factors, such as age and education level, which are difficult to modify, along with psychosocial factors located deeper than the visible living conditions, such as social capital and life satisfaction, are involved in voluntary internet nonuse. These results also suggest that it is not desirable to proceed with policies related to information and communications technology on a separate track, but rather that they should be comprehensively approached with other social policies that design various social interventions in order to enhance equity within the society.

scholarly journals Effect of talent management on service delivery in the hospitality industry

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 91-99
Author(s):  
Edward Mwangi Wangechi ◽  
Peter Koome ◽  
Paul Gesimba
Keyword(s):  
Service Delivery ◽  
Hospitality Industry ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Talent Management ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Learning And Development ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional

Talent management impacts on service delivery in the hospitality industry. The aim of the study was to assess the effect of learning and development on service delivery in the hospitality industry in Nyeri County, Kenya. The study employed a cross-sectional survey design to determine the relationship between the variables. The target population was 310 employees of three hotels who comprised of supervisors, room stewards, food and beverage managers, waiters, storekeepers, and chefs in three hospitality establishments in Nyeri County. The research used a stratified sampling technique to select 104 participants for the study.  The main instrument for data collection was a semi-structured questionnaire. The findings of the study revealed that learning and development have a significant and positive influence on service delivery. The study recommends that organizations should stress and develop robust learning and development interventions to mitigate performance-related challenges, realize the desired quality service delivery and stability, and gain a competitive edge. It is hoped and desired that this journal will lead to a supplementary examination of the benefits of this refocus on talent and management, including the development of useful definitions.     

scholarly journals A Survey on the Awareness and Attitude of Physicians on Direct Oral Anticoagulants in Qatar

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (9_suppl) ◽  
pp. 255S-260S ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed El-Bardissy ◽  
Hazem Elewa ◽  
Shaban Mohammed ◽  
Ahmed Shible ◽  
Rizwan Imanullah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Anticoagulants ◽  
Direct Oral Anticoagulants ◽  
Inappropriate Prescribing ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Professional Characteristics ◽  
Education Campaigns ◽  
Future Work ◽  
Significant Positive Influence

Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are more commonly prescribed since their introduction. Reports on inappropriate prescribing have been observed which may indicate poor awareness on these agents. In this study, we aim to evaluate the extent of the physicians’ knowledge on DOACs and its possible impact on physicians’ confidence to prescribe these medications. A prospective cross-sectional survey was developed based on the literature review. Eligible participants were physicians and surgeons currently practicing at Hamad General Hospital in Qatar. The survey included questions on demographic and professional characteristics. It also evaluated the awareness and attitudes regarding safety, efficacy, and prescribing of DOACs. Over 6-month period, 175 practitioners responded to the survey. Overall awareness score was moderate (61% ± 18%). These scores were in alignment with participants’ self-satisfaction with knowledge on DOACs (66% were not satisfied) and participants’ confidence toward prescribing DOACs (48% were not confident). Age, degree of education, and years of experience had significant positive influence on awareness score. This survey indicates that practitioners have moderate awareness on DOACs. Future work should focus on reassessing practitioners’ knowledge after providing well-designed education campaigns

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