Language, Aggression, and Self-Regulation in Young Children

2020 ◽  
pp. 106342662093769
Author(s):  
Robert Clark ◽  
Rosanne Menna ◽  
Annamaria J. McAndrew ◽  
Emily M. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Physical Aggression ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Language Delays ◽  
Language Abilities ◽  
Specific Language ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Language Meaning

Aggression in early childhood has been found to predict negative outcomes later in life, including delinquency and psychopathology. The present study explored associations between young children’s language, self-regulation, and physical aggression. A community sample of 126 preschool children aged 3 to 6 years ( M = 4.87 years, SD = 0.87; 59% boys) and their mothers participated in the study. Children’s physical aggression and self-regulation were measured by the parents’ report. Children completed measures of intelligence and language. Their language abilities negatively predicted physical aggression. Children’s self-regulation—specifically, inhibitory self-control and emergent metacognition—mediated the relationship between language and physical aggression. The results suggest that, among young children, physical aggression is related to an understanding of language meaning and how that understanding is used to interpret and communicate. The specific language delays implicated may lead to physical aggression through a lag in inhibitory self-control and emergent metacognition. Implications of these findings for assessment and early intervention are highlighted.

scholarly journals Self-Control Self-Regulation, and Doping in Sport: A Test of the Strength-Energy Model

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Derwin K. C. Chan ◽  
Vanessa Lentillon-Kaestner ◽  
James A. Dimmock ◽  
Robert J. Donovan ◽  
David A. Keatley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Behavioral Responses ◽  
Energy Model ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Young Athletes ◽  
Low Self Control ◽  
Performance Enhancing Substances ◽  
The Relationship

We applied the strength-energy model of self-control to understand the relationship between self-control and young athletes’ behavioral responses to taking illegal performance-enhancing substances, or “doping.” Measures of trait self-control, attitude and intention toward doping, intention toward, and adherence to, doping-avoidant behaviors, and the prevention of unintended doping behaviors were administered to 410 young Australian athletes. Participants also completed a “lollipop” decision-making protocol that simulated avoidance of unintended doping. Hierarchical linear multiple regression analyses revealed that self-control was negatively associated with doping attitude and intention, and positively associated with the intention and adherence to doping-avoidant behaviors, and refusal to take or eat the unfamiliar candy offered in the “lollipop” protocol. Consistent with the strength-energy model, athletes with low self-control were more likely to have heightened attitude and intention toward doping, and reduced intention, behavioral adherence, and awareness of doping avoidance.

scholarly journals Textism Use and Language Ability in Children

2015 ◽  
pp. 770-778
Author(s):  
Sam Waldron ◽  
Clare Wood
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Devices ◽  
Language Impairments ◽  
Language Ability ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Language Abilities ◽  
Specific Language ◽  
Coding Schemes ◽  
Specific Language Impairments ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Relationship

Textism use (or textese) refers to the way in which individuals write in shorthand on mobile devices in order to save space or time. Thurlow (2003) devised one of the first coding schemes for textisms, and textism use has since been hotly debated by the media (Crystal, 2008). Plester et al. (2008; 2009) and Wood et al. (2011; 2014) have since investigated the relationship that texting has with children's language abilities, and found no evidence of negative effects. Further research has been conducted into the effects of texting on readers of differing abilities (Coe & Oakhill, 2011) and found that it is better readers who tend to use more textisms. Further research is discussed in relation to children with reading difficulties such as specific language impairments (Durkin et al, 2011) and dyslexia (Veater et al, 2011).

scholarly journals Internet Addiction among Young Adult University Students: The Complex Interplay between Family Functioning, Impulsivity, Depression, and Anxiety

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (21) ◽  
pp. 8231
Author(s):  
Eleonora Marzilli ◽  
Luca Cerniglia ◽  
Giulia Ballarotto ◽  
Silvia Cimino
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
University Students ◽  
Family Functioning ◽  
Internet Addiction ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
New Evidence ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Affective Involvement

International research has underlined that both interpersonal, self-regulation, and comorbid variables can lead to a higher risk of developing internet addiction (IA) among young adults. To date, no studies have explored the interplay between young adults’ family functioning, impulsivity, and psychopathological difficulties. In a community sample of 244 young adult university students, this study aims to assess the relationship between young adults’ IA and young adults’ gender, the perception of their family functioning, impulsivity level, and depressive and anxiety symptoms, considering the possible interplay between these variables. The presence and the severity of IA were addressed through the Internet Addiction Test (IAT). Moreover, young adults filled out self-reporting questionnaires, assessing their perception of family functioning and their impulsivity levels and psychopathological symptoms. Results showed no significant association between the youth’s gender and IA. However, moderately addicted young adults were more likely to report poorer quality of family affective involvement and higher attentional impulsivity and depressive problems than other groups. Moreover, young adults’ attentional impulsivity mediated the relationship between family affective involvement and IA. This study provides new evidence on the complex interaction between individuals and interpersonal risk factors involved in IA among young adults, with important implications for the planning of intervention treatments.

scholarly journals The relationship of individual psychological and individual-typological characteristics in individuals with personality disorders, committed socially dangerous acts

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 105-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.A. Dubinsky ◽  
G.M. Tokareva ◽  
A.S. Vasilchenko ◽  
N.E. Lysenko
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Self Control ◽  
System Activation ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Social Dangerousness ◽  
High Degree ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between individual psychological and individually-typological characteristics of patients with personality disorders who committed socially dangerous acts were studied, taking into account the severity of the organic factor and the degree of their social dangerousness. 121 males were surveyed, 70 of them were diagnosed with "organic personality disorder" and 33 - personality disorder. The types of personality disorders were diagnosed. The individual variables, the ratio of processes of system activation of behavior and its inhibition, protective styles, especially coping behaviours that constitute aggression, styles of self-regulation were analyzed. It was revealed that low settings of the system activation behavior found in the group of persons with a high degree of social dangerousness, determines the formation of individual psychological treats related to the rigidity behavior, the instability of the motives, impulsivity, negative emotionality, disinhibition. During comparison of samples of individuals with medium and high degree of social dangerousness it has been discovered that self-centeredness, as a component of self-control, high levels of affective components of aggression – anger and immature defense mechanisms significantly distinguish individuals with a high degree of public danger.

scholarly journals ASSOCIATION BETWEEN EMOTIONAL-VOLITIONAL DYSFUNCTION AND FEATURES OF AGGRESSION OR HOSTILITY IN MENS WITH DIFFERENT FORMS OF SUBSTANCE ADDICTIONS: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (6) ◽  
pp. 1129-1133
Author(s):  
Liliia V. Zhyvotovska ◽  
Dmytro I. Boiko ◽  
Nataliia V. Kadzhaia ◽  
Anastasia D. Shkodina ◽  
Iryna V. Demianenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Aggression ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Self Control ◽  
General Level ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
The Right ◽  
Group 1

The aim: The research aim was to study features of emotional-volitional sphere and its association in mens with different forms of Substance Addictions. Materials and methods: We examined 146 patients with alcohol and drug addictions using Toronto Alexithymia Scale, Zverkov-Eidmann`s questionnaire and Buss-Durkee questionnaire. Results: The study showed an increase in the overall level of alexithymia, a moderate level of aggressiveness and a sufficient level of volitional self-regulation without a significant difference between the groups. The indirect correlation of “persistence” with the “general level of alexithymia”, “difficulty identifying feelings” and “physical aggression” in group 1 and at the same time the indirect correlation between “self-control” and “verbal aggression” and “volitional self-regulation” with “difficulty describing feelings” can be explained by the opposite meaning of these concepts and phenomena themselves.However, it is interesting that the indicators “physical aggression” and “difficulty describing feelings” in group 2 were significantly lower, but at the same time correlated with “general level of alexithymia” and “irritability”, respectively. On other hand in group 1 the indicator “suspiciousness” is directly related to the “general level of alexithymia”, but its level is significantly lower in comparison with group 2. Conclusions: The phenomenon of alexithymia is not only recorded in the clinical picture of patients with various forms of addiction, but can also induce the development of manifestations of aggressiveness and hostility in them. Correction of alexithymia is necessary to understand the emotional state of these patients and choose the right approach to their treatment and rehabilitation.

scholarly journals Striving to Avoid Inferiority and Procrastination among University Students: The Mediating Roles of Stress and Self-Control

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 5570
Author(s):  
Peter-Yee-Lap To ◽  
Barbara-Chuen-Yee Lo ◽  
Ting-Kin Ng ◽  
Bernard-Pak-Ho Wong ◽  
Anna-Wai-Man Choi
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
University Students ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Actual Duration ◽  
The Relationship

The current study intended to examine whether the relationship between university students’ striving to avoid inferiority (SAI) and procrastination was serially mediated by stress and self-control. The sample consisted of 154 Hong Kong university students. Their levels of striving to avoid inferiority, stress, self-control, and procrastination were measured by the Striving to Avoid Inferiority Scale (SAIS), the stress subscale of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS-21), the Short Self-Regulation Questionnaire (SSRQ), and the General Procrastination Scale (GPS), respectively. The results of structural equation modeling revealed that SAI positively predicted stress, stress negatively predicted self-control, and self-control negatively predicted procrastination. SAI did not directly predict procrastination. The results of bootstrapping analyses supported the hypotheses that the effect of stress on procrastination was mediated by self-control, the effect of SAI on self-control was mediated by stress, and more importantly, the effect of SAI on procrastination was serially mediated by stress and self-control. Further research is suggested to investigate the thoughts and feelings pertinent to procrastination and the actual duration of procrastination among university students.

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