Comparison Between Two Different Levels of Replacement of Free-range Rearing by an Oleic Acid and-tocopherol Enriched Diet on the Quality of Fresh Meat from Iberian Duroc (50%) Pigs

2006 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. González ◽  
B. Velardo ◽  
J. F. Tejeda
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Neutral Lipids ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Biceps Muscle ◽  
Total N ◽  
Free Range

The aim of this work was to study the effect of two types of pig feeding systems (known as recebo) on fatty acid composition, tocopherols contents and susceptibility to lipid oxidation in muscle. A total of 26 Iberian Duroc (50%) barrows were divided into two groups (named as short replacement (SR) and long replacement (LR) groups) according to length of replacement of free-range rearing (based on acorn and pasture) by an oleic acid and B-tocopherol (200 mg/kg) enriched concentrate feed (SR group: 67 days in free-range rearing and finished during 20 days with concentrate diet; LR: 55 days in free-range rearing, finished 50 days with concentrate). No differences were found in chemical composition and colour of Gluteo biceps muscle between the two management systems, except for B-tocopherol content, which showed higher content (p 0.001) in LR pigs than in SR pigs. The fatty acid composition of subcutaneous fat was slightly affected by feeding system. Total intramuscular and neutral lipids from Gluteo biceps muscle presented a higher proportion of C18: 1 n 9 (p 0.05) in SR than in LR pigs; however, no differences were found in total saturated (SFA), monounsaturated (MUFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). Composition of polar lipids revealed a higher proportion of MUFA and lower of total n 3 fatty acids in LR than in SR pigs. Feeding regime significantly affected susceptibility of muscle to iron-ascorbate-induced peroxidation. Muscles from pigs reared on SR system showing higher levels (p 0.05) of MDA after 50 and 100 min of incubation. These results indicate that the content of oleic acid and tocopherol in muscle depends on the levels of both provided by dietary means, more than the practised handling.

scholarly journals Free-Range Feeding Alters Fatty Acid Composition at the sn-2 Position of Triglycerides and Subcutaneous Fat Physicochemical Properties in Heavy Pigs

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2802
Author(s):  
José Segura ◽  
Ana Isabel Rey ◽  
Álvaro Olivares ◽  
María Isabel Cambero ◽  
Rosa Escudero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Positional Distribution ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Textural Properties ◽  
Free Range ◽  
High Oleic

The nutritional value of fat consumption depends on both the fatty acid composition and the positional distribution of fatty acids within the triglyceride molecule. This research studies the effect of feeding with three different diets (4% lard-enriched; 11.5% high-oleic sunflower-enriched; and extensive feeding mainly with acorns) on the composition of fatty acids in the sn-2 position (and sn-1,3) of triglycerides and the textural properties of subcutaneous fat in heavy Iberian pigs (n = 210 castrated males). A moderate dietary enrichment with oleic acid in mixed diets did not alter the regulation of the sn-2 position of triglyceride (69.9% and 13.9% of palmitic and oleic acids, respectively), but the extremely high intake of oleic acid in pigs fed mainly on acorns changed the proportions of palmitic and oleic acids at the sn-2 position in the subcutaneous fat of pigs (55.0% and 27.2%, respectively). Hardness, adhesiveness, cohesiveness, gumminess, and chewiness showed the least values in EXT pigs, and the greatest values in LARD-fed barrows. SUN cohesiveness and gumminess did not differ from those fed LARD. In addition, Iberian pigs raised in free-range conditions had a more favorable nutritional lipid profile for human health compared to pigs fed conventional diets.

Changes in the fatty acid composition of steer subcutaneous fat, including biohydrogenation products, are minimal when finished on combinations of corn and barley grains and silages.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Payam Vahmani ◽  
Jordan A Johnson ◽  
Brittney D Sutherland ◽  
Gregory B. Penner ◽  
Nuria Prieto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Barley Grain ◽  
Total N ◽  
Finishing Cattle ◽  
Cereal Grain ◽  
Corn Grain

Corn production in Western Canada has increased with development of short-season varieties partially offsetting the use of barley as a silage and grain source. The current study evaluated effects of silage and cereal-grain source on subcutaneous fat composition of finishing cattle. Steers (465 ± 28.0 kg) were assigned to 24 pens (12 steers/pen) in a 2 x 3 factorial design for an 89-d finishing study. Diets contained corn-silage (CS) or barley-silage (BS) at 8% (DM) combined with either dry rolled barley-grain (BG; 86% of DM), corn-grain (CG; 85% of DM), or an equal blend of barley- and corn-grain (BCG; 85% of DM). Bone-in ribeyes were collected from four steers-per-pen and subcutaneous fatty acids analyzed by gas chromatography. Feeding dry-rolled corn-grain increased dietary fat and 18:2n-6 concentrations resulting in small increases in 18:2n-6, total n-6 fatty acids, and n-6/n-3 ratios in subcutaneous fat (P < 0.05). There were no changes in proportions of major trans-18:1 isomers (t10-18:1 or t11-18:1), the main natural isomer of conjugated linoleic acid (c9,t11-18:2), or n-3 fatty acids. Substitution of dry rolled corn-grain for barley-grain in finisher diets can, therefore, be done without substantially altering the fatty acid composition of beef, including polyunsaturated fatty acid biohydrogenation products.

scholarly journals Incorporation of fatty acids by concanavalin A-stimulated lymphocytes and the effect on fatty acid composition and membrane fluidity

1994 ◽  
Vol 300 (2) ◽  
pp. 509-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
P C Calder ◽  
P Yaqoob ◽  
D J Harvey ◽  
A Watts ◽  
E A Newsholme
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Arachidonic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Membrane Fluidity ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Concanavalin A ◽  
Neutral Lipids ◽  
Arachidonic Acids

The fatty acid compositions of the neutral lipid and phospholipid fractions of rat lymph node lymphocytes were characterized. Stimulation of rat lymphocytes with the T-cell mitogen concanavalin A resulted in significant changes in the fatty acid composition of both neutral lipids and phospholipids (a decrease in the proportions of stearic, linoleic and arachidonic acids and an increase in the proportion of oleic acid). Membrane fluidity was measured using nitroxide spin-label e.s.r., and increased during culture with concanavalin A. Culturing the lymphocytes in the absence of mitogen did not affect fatty acid composition or membrane fluidity. The uptake and fate of palmitic, oleic, linoleic and arachidonic acids were studied in detail; there was a time-dependent incorporation of each fatty acid into all lipid classes but each fatty acid had a characteristic fate. Palmitic and arachidonic acids were incorporated principally into phospholipids whereas oleic and linoleic acids were incorporated in similar proportions into phospholipids and triacylglycerols. Oleic acid was incorporated mainly into phosphatidylcholine, palmitic and linoleic acids were incorporated equally into phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine, and arachidonic acid was incorporated mainly into phosphatidylethanolamine. Supplementation of the culture medium with particular fatty acids (myristic, palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic, alpha-linolenic, arachidonic, eicosapentaenoic or docosahexaenoic acid) led to enrichment of that fatty acid in both neutral lipids and phospholipids. This generated lymphocytes with phospholipids differing in saturated/unsaturated fatty acid ratio, degree of polyunsaturation, index of unsaturation and n - 6/n - 3 ratio. This method allowed the introduction into lymphocyte phospholipids of fatty acids not normally present (e.g. alpha-linolenic) or usually present in low proportions (eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic). These three n - 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids replaced arachidonic acid in lymphocyte phospholipids. Fatty acid incorporation led to an alteration in lymphocyte membrane fluidity: palmitic and stearic acids decreased fluidity whereas the unsaturated fatty acids increased fluidity. It is proposed that the changes in lymphocyte phospholipid fatty acid composition and membrane fluidity brought about by culture in the presence of polyunsaturated fatty acids are responsible for the inhibition of lymphocyte functions caused by these fatty acids.

Depot fatty acids of Aberdeen Angus and Friesian cattle reared on hay and barley diets

1977 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 575-582 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. M. F. Leat
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Stearic Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Visual Inspection ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Octadecenoic Acid ◽  
Hexadecenoic Acid ◽  
Friesian Cattle

SummaryAberdeen Angus and Friesian cattle were reared from 4 months of age to slaughter weight at 18–24 months on either high-barley or high-hay diets. Samples of subcutaneous fat were taken by biopsy at 3 monthly intervals, and the degree of fatness of each animal was estimated ultrasonically prior to slaughter, and by visual inspection of the carcasses.The barley-fed animals gained weight more rapidly, and fattened more quickly than the hay-fed animals with the Angus being fatter than the Friesian at the same age. The percentage stearic acid (C18:0) in subcutaneous fat decreased with age and was replaced by octadecenoic acid (C18:l) and hexadecenoic acid (C16:l), these changes being more rapid in barley-fed than in hay-fed animals. At the same degree of fatness the depot fats of the Friesians were more unsaturated than those of the Angus, and in both breeds the fatter the animal the more unsaturated was its depot fat.In the hay-fed cattle the percentage C16:0 in subcutaneous fat increased during the last half of the experiment and at slaughter the percentage C16:0 was significantly higher, and C18:l significantly lower, in all depot fats compared with those of the barley-fed animals.It is concluded that the fatty acid composition of bovine depot fats is modulated by the degree of fattening, and can be affected by diet.

Genetic variation in fatty acid composition of subcutaneous fat in cattle

2013 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 129 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Kelly ◽  
R. K. Tume ◽  
S. Newman ◽  
J. M. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Selection For

Genetic parameters were estimated for fatty acid composition of subcutaneous beef fat of 1573 animals which were the progeny of 157 sires across seven breeds grown out on pasture and then finished on either grain or grass in northern New South Wales or in central Queensland. There was genetic variation in individual fatty acids with estimates of heritability for the proportions of C14 : 0, C14 : 1c9, C16 : 0, C16 : 1c9, C18 : 0 and C18 : 1c9 fatty acids in subcutaneous beef fat of the order of 0.4 or above. Also substantial correlations between some fatty acids were observed. Genetic correlations between fatty acids and fat depth at the P8 site suggested that much of the genetic variation in fatty acid composition was related to changes in fatness. Selection for decreased fatness resulted in decreased proportions of C18 : 1c9 with concomitant increases in C18 : 0, C14 : 0 and C16 : 0. This suggested that selection for decreased fatness at a given weight will result in a decrease in the proportions of monounsaturated fatty acids in the subcutaneous fat in the carcass with a corresponding increase in the proportions of saturated fatty acids.

scholarly journals Fatty acid composition of subcutaneous and intramuscular adipose tissue in east Balkan pigs

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 543-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Popova ◽  
J. Nakev ◽  
Y. Marchev
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Intramuscular Fat ◽  
Longissimus Dorsi ◽  
Intramuscular Adipose Tissue

The aim of this study was to provide information on the fatty acid profile of different adipose depots - subcutaneous (upper and inner backfat layers) and intramuscular (m. Longissimus dorsi) in East Balkan pigs. The animals were reared in free-range conditions and slaughtered at an average live weight of 107?1.65kg. The results of the study showed that the various adipose tissues in pigs have different lipid metabolism and hence differ in their fatty acid composition. Intramuscular fat had significantly higher content of the saturated C16:0 and C18:0 (P<0.001), as well as the C16:1 (P<0.001) than the subcutaneous fat. In regards to the content of the polyunsaturated fatty acids, the latter displayed considerably higher content of both C18:2 and C18:3 (P<0.001) in comparison to the intramuscular fat in m. Longissimus dorsi. The differences between the subcutaneous and intramuscular adipose tissue in the individual fatty acids determined the similar trend of change in the total content of saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Significant differences between the backfat layers were detected for C16:1, C18:0 and C18:3 (P<0.001). Stearic acid (C18:0) displayed higher content of the inner, while both C16:1 and C18:3 had higher proportion in the outer backfat layer in the East Balkan pigs. Except for C20:2, the long chain polyunsaturated n-6 and n-3 fatty acids had significantly higher proportions in the intramuscular fat, however no differences were determined between the two backfat layers.

scholarly journals Comparative Study on Quality Characteristics and Variations in Fatty Acid Composition of Different Varieties of Rapeseed and Mustard (Brassica spp.)

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Md. Delwar Hossain ◽  
Kamal Uddin Ahmed ◽  
Mst. Farhana Nazneen Chowdhury ◽  
Alak Barman ◽  
Arif Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Erucic Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Quality Characteristics ◽  
Brassica Spp ◽  
Liquid Chromatographic

With a view to studying the qualitative features and the variations in fatty acid composition of 6 rapeseed (B. campestris and B. napus) and mustard (B. juncea) varieties, an experiment was conducted. Among these varieties, BARI Sarisha-14 presented the value of 168.4 which was recorded the highest. Both BARI Sarisha-11 and BARI Sarisha-14 was found with the highest iodine value of 39.44; and the highest amount of acid value was recorded from BARI Sarisha-11 (1.867). Gas-liquid chromatographic (GLC) method has been used to determine the composition of essential fatty acid in the seeds of Brassica spp. (L.). From the GLC analysis, it was found that erucic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid and lenolenic acid were the prime fatty acids in all the varieties. Erucic acid was in the range of 41.11 – 51.28%, oleic acid was the highest both in BARI Sarisha-11 and BARI Sarisha- 13 contained (18.69%), while BARI Sarisha-9 contained the highest amount of the unsaturated linoleic (17.75%)  and linolenic (15.83%) acids. Moreover, palmitic acid, stearic acid and archidic acid were also present in small amount.

Effect of increasing stearoyl coenzyme A desaturase mRNA concentrations using forage and concentrate diets on the fatty acid composition of ovine adipose tissue

2002 ◽  
Vol 2002 ◽  
pp. 206-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z.C.T.R. Daniel ◽  
R.J. Wynn ◽  
A.M. Salter ◽  
P.J. Buttery
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Stearic Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Coenzyme A ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Mrna Levels

Compared to meat from other animals lamb contains high levels of saturated fat, particularly stearic acid which comprises 18% of the total fatty acids (Enser et al, 1996). This stearic acid can be desaturated in the tissue by stearoyl coenzyme A desaturase (SCD) to produce oleic acid. In sheep SCD is produced from a single gene and the levels of SCD mRNA in the tissue correlate well with oleic acid (Ward et al, 1998, Barber et al, 2000) suggesting that an upregulation of SCD activity may increase the relative proportions of unsaturated and saturated fatty acids and so significantly improve the nutritional quality of sheep meat. Our recent studies have shown that insulin increases SCD mRNA levels and monounsaturated fatty acid synthesis in cultured ovine adipose tissue explants (Daniel et al, 2001). The present study was designed to investigate whether feeding a diet believed to manipulate SCD mRNA concentrations would significantly alter the fatty acid composition of lamb.

scholarly journals Studies on Fatty Acid Composition and Proximate Analyses of Anethum Sowa L. (Dill) Seed

1970 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 455-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Moshfekus Saleh-E-In ◽  
Sudhangshu Kumar Roy
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Good Source ◽  
Anethum Sowa ◽  
Proximate Analyses

Anethum sowa L. (Dill) seeds were investigated to determine the fatty acid composition and proximate analyses. The seeds contain 9.36 % fatty oil. The saturated and unsaturated fatty acids contributed 6.22% and 93.78% respectively of the oil. The per cent composition of the extracted oil was identified by Gas Liquid Chromatography (GLC). Among the six fatty acids identified from this study oleic acid contributed the highest proportion (87.10%), where as, linolenic, palmitic, stearic, behenic and arachidic all together contributed the rest (12.90%). Proximate analyses showed that A. sowa. seeds are good source of dietary fibre. Overall Dill seeds oil can be considered as a good source of oleic acid. Key words: Anethum sowa, dill seed oil, fatty acid composition, oleic acid, linolenic acid, Gas liquid chromatography. Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 42(4), 455-464, 2007

Quality Characteristics of Fresh Meat from Pigs of the Gascon Breed

2004 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Sans ◽  
M. J. Andrade ◽  
S. Ventanas ◽  
J. Ruiz
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Neutral Lipids ◽  
Biceps Femoris ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Intramuscular Fat ◽  
Polar Lipids ◽  
Neutral And Polar Lipids

Chemical parameters involved in technological meat quality for dry cured processing of Gascon pigs were studied in longissimus dorsi (LD) and biceps femoris (BF) muscles. Muscles from Gascon pigs showed 2.60 and 2.84% of intramuscular fat content, 23.64 and 22.14% protein content and 1.34 and 4.63mg of myoglobin per gram of muscle (respectively LD and BF). Intramuscular fat (IMF) and myoglobin levels were higher than those reported for commercial pigs, but lower than those previously found in Iberian pigs. A similar situation was detected in the fatty acid composition of neutral and polar lipids of both muscles. Thus, monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) in neutral lipids of Gascon pig muscles (LD and BF respectively) were 58.27 and 51.98%, while polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) levels were 5.61 and 14.13% respectively; values similar to those found in Iberian pigs and quite different to usual values in commercial pig breeds. The same trend was found in polar lipids. Both muscles showed a low susceptibility to induced lipid oxidation, in agreement with their fatty acid composition. These results pointed out that meat from pigs of the Gascon breed showed optimal characteristics for dry cured processing.

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