Profile of Persons With Epilepsy Receiving Home Care Services

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 155-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vahe Kehyayan ◽  
John P. Hirdes

The objective of this study was to describe the profile of persons with epilepsy (PWE) receiving home care to understand their needs and impact on health care. In this cross-sectional study, sociodemographic, psychosocial, and health characteristics of PWE 60 years of age and above were compared with PWE in the below 60 years age (the comparison) group. Relative to the comparison group, the aged 60 years and above group was more likely to have health and mental health issues, cognitive impairment, functional dependence, psychosocial needs, and health care resource utilization. This study showed that PWE receiving home care services are greatly affected by social, functional, and health issues. Future studies are needed to further explore the burden of PWE on caregivers and health care systems compared with nonepilepsy groups.

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vahe Kehyayan ◽  
John P. Hirdes

The purpose of this study was to describe the characteristics of persons with epilepsy (PWE) receiving home care services. A cross-sectional study was conducted comparing the characteristics of PWE with those without epilepsy (comparison group). PWE were more likely to have mental health issues and functional, mobility, and cognitive impairments; to receive a variety of psychotropic medications; to experience psychosocial issues such as isolation and conflicts in their relationships; to have caregivers experiencing psychological distress; and to be economically disadvantaged necessitating making economic trade-offs in their care. Epilepsy is associated with caregiver distress and has an impact on health resource utilization. Future studies are needed to identify strategies to improve the quality of care and life of PWE.


2019 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 237796081984436
Author(s):  
Rita Sørly ◽  
Martin Sollund Krane ◽  
Geir Bye ◽  
May-Britt Ellingsen

Background: There is a need for qualitative studies on imposed innovation in home care services in welfare societies. The municipalities are key actors in the field of innovation in the public sector. As innovations often are interpreted to be in conflict with values in health care, we need knowledge on how policy changes and imposed innovations are understood and handled by middle managers working in the sector. Aim: We aim to explore how middle managers react to imposed innovation in health services through their storytelling. The research question was “What can middle managers' stories of imposed innovation tell us about their role in, and some important prerequisites for, innovation processes in municipal health-care services?” Methods: A narrative study of experiences with municipal innovation among middle managers in Norway. In this article, we do a thematic analysis of interviews with seven female middle managers who work in a home care service department. Findings: The study develops an understanding of which frameworks are required within a home care service to meet constant demands for innovation. Innovations are understood by the managers as results of policy changes and new public management demands and as a troublesome burden. We find the prerequisites for implementing innovations to be (1) trust-based management, (2) flexibility and dynamics, (3) continuity of care, and (4) emphasis on competence. These prerequisites are further interpreted in relation to dominant discourses on innovation at the macro, meso, and micro levels within the storytelling contexts. Conclusion: Imposed innovations require a negotiating practice in cross-disciplinary environments at all levels in the organization.


2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janice D. Crist ◽  
Dianna García-Smith ◽  
Linda Phillips

Mexican American elders have higher levels of functional impairment and chronic illness, yet they use formal home care services less than do non-Hispanic White elders. This article describes the processes by which Mexican American elders and their caregivers decide to use home care services. Interviews were conducted with Mexican American elders (n = 11) and family caregivers (n = 12) for a sample of 23 individuals. The emerging substantive grounded theory included three stages that described the process of deciding to use home care services: Taking Care of our Own, Acknowledging Options, and Becoming Empowered. The processes describe how Mexican American families eventually accept home care services while maintaining their cultural norm of taking care of elders. The theory gives voice to both elders and caregivers in this process, adds to extant knowledge, and shapes interventions to support traditional Mexican American family values such as elders’ staying at home as long as possible. The theory meets nursing’s goals of reducing health care disparities by improving or sustaining elders’ health and functional ability, decreasing the caregiving burden, and reducing health care costs.


Author(s):  
Adalto Alfredo Pontes Filho ◽  
Lúcia Dias da Silva Guerra

O cuidado domiciliar à saúde é prática milenar que remota a existência da família como unidade estruturante da sociedade, e o domicílio como espaço de convivência do núcleo familiar. Já descrito em textos históricos do Egito e Grécia Antiga, o cuidado em saúde no ambiente domiciliar desta época tem pouco em comum com o que na atualidade denominamos Atenção Domiciliar à Saúde (ADS). Em tais épocas, o cuidar em saúde pode ser compreendido como extensão do papel social da unidade familiar, visto a inexistência de profissionais e serviços de saúde da forma que conhecemos hoje. Tal prática só será questionada, ou posta à prova, com o advento do hospital como estrutura moderna centralizadora e monopolizadora dos cuidados em saúde, amplamente impulsionada pelo desenvolvimento da Medicina Científica, a partir de meados do século XIX. Se o sucesso da Medicina Científica pode ser apontado como responsável pela perda do status dos cuidados domiciliares, atualmente os excessos da medicina baseada nas ciências biomédicas, estruturante das instituições hospitalares, parece ser o ponto de inflexão que tem levado pacientes, famílias e profissionais a questionar a supremacia hospitalar nos cuidados em saúde. No Brasil, tem-se observado nos últimos 20 anos o aumento progressivo do número de serviços de ADS. Tal movimento parece se justificar por três razões principais. A primeira delas, como descrito acima, diz respeito ao questionamento levantado pela sociedade quanto aos excessos, malefícios e limitações da medicina hospitalar para os cuidados de pacientes crônicos, ou em reabilitação de longo prazo. Um exemplo que ilustra esse fato são as infecções nosocomiais por patógenos multirresistentes adquiridas em internações hospitalares. Uma segunda razão diz respeito ao desenvolvimento de tecnologias substitutivas àquelas de uso exclusivo às unidades hospitalares, o que permite a prestação de cuidados de níveis mais complexo em outros contextos, como o domiciliar. Pode-se citar a facilidade no aporte de terapia de suporte ventilatório e oxigenioterapia como exemplos. O terceiro, e certamente mais importante, diz respeito aos custos associados à assistência hospitalar, reconhecidos como problemas centrais em qualquer sistema de saúde. Apesar do histórico extenso da ADS e sua potencial capacidade de contribuir para melhorar a eficiência dos sistemas de saúde, a mesma ainda não está estruturada plenamente para este fim. Por ser extremamente abrangente e possuir uma diversidade de configurações possíveis, a ADS não possui um conceito único que integre as diferente dimensões em que está envolvida. A ADS é definida pelo Ministério da Saúde brasileiro, como uma modalidade de atenção à saúde, constituída por um conjunto de ações de promoção à saúde, prevenção, tratamento e reabilitação, prestada em domicílio, de forma integrada à Rede de Atenção à Saúde. No âmbito do SUS, a ADS tem se organizado a partir da rede de atenção primária à saúde, tendo como principal programa estruturante o Melhor em casa, criado em 2011. Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo é comparar os custos associados à ADS no Brasil e nos Estados Unidos. Método: O estudo proposto será realizado por meio de uma revisão de literatura integrativa, utilizando a bases de dados PubMed e LILACS. Para guiar esta revisão foi elaborada a seguinte pergunta de pesquisa: “Quais são os custos associados à ADS no Brasil e nos Estado Unidos, e de que modo estes se relacionam com os modelos assistenciais e sistemas nacionais de saúde destes países?”.  Selecionou-se os seguintes Descritores de Ciências da Saúde (DeCS): Serviços de Assistência Domiciliar, Serviços Hospitalares de Assistência Domiciliar, Agências de Assistência Domiciliar, Visita Domiciliar, Custos e Análise de Custo, Custos de Cuidados de Saúde, Gastos em Saúde, Organização e Administração. A sintaxe utilizada para a busca nas bases de dados Medline e Lilacs, foram as seguintes: no MEDLINE (((((((Home Care Services[MeSH Terms]) OR Home Care Services, Hospital-Based[MeSH Terms]) OR Home Care Agencies[MeSH Terms]) AND House Calls[MeSH Terms]) OR (Costs and Cost Analysis[MeSH Terms])) OR Health Care Costs[MeSH Terms]) OR Health Expenditures[MeSH Terms]) AND (Organization and Administration[MeSH Terms]), e na LILACS (tw:(Serviços de Assistência Domiciliar)) OR (tw:(Serviços Hospitalares de Assistência Domiciliar)) OR (tw:(Agências de Assistência Domiciliar)) OR (tw:(Visita Domiciliar)) AND (tw:(Custos e Análise de Custo)) OR (tw:(Custos de Cuidados de Saúde)) OR (tw:(Gastos em Saúde)) OR (tw:(Organização e Administração)). Resultados Esperados: pretende-se caracterizar a ADS nos países em estudo; descrever os principais itens de custo relacionados à ADS nos países em estudo; estudar as principais características dos sistemas de saúde dos países em estudo, considerando os modelos técnico-assistenciais presentes na ADS; e relacionar os custos associados à ADS com os modelos técnico-assistenciais e de sistemas de saúde dos países em estudo. Considerações finais: Apesar dos avanços da ADS nas últimas décadas, esta modalidade de assistência à saúde ainda é pouco estruturada e estudada. Em análise preliminar dos resultados da pesquisa nas bases de dados, observa-se que grande parte da literatura disponível se trata de relatos de experiência ou publicações amparadas no empirismo do autor. Tal fato pode indicar a necessidade de maior investimento neste campo, visto seu potencial como reorganizador da atenção à saúde de pacientes com condições crônicas ou em contexto de terminalidade de vida.


2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Finaba Berete ◽  
Stefaan Demarest ◽  
Rana Charafeddine ◽  
Karin Ridder ◽  
Johan Vanoverloop ◽  
...  

Abstract BackgroundThis study examines the risk factors associated with nursing home admission (NHA) in Belgium to contribute to a better planning of the future demand for nursing home (NH) services and health care resources.MethodsIndividual level linkage of the 2013 Belgian health interview survey data and health insurance data (2012 to 2018) was done. Only non-institutionalized participants, aged ≥65 years at the time of the survey were included in this study (n=1930). Participants were followed until NHA, death or end of study period, i.e., December 31, 2018. The risk of NHA was calculated using a competing risk analysis.ResultsOver the follow-up period (median 5.29 years), 226 individuals were admitted to a NH and 268 died without admission to a NH. The overall cumulative risk of NHA was 1.4%, 5.7% and 13.1% at, respectively 1 year, 3 years and the end of follow-up. After multivariable adjustment, higher age, low educational attainment, belonging to low income household, living alone, use of home care services and a number of need factor (e.g., history of falls, suffering from urinary incontinence, depression or Alzheimer disease, etc.) were significantly associated with a higher risk of NHA, while female, individuals with multimorbidity and increased contacts with health care providers were significantly associated with a decreased risk of NHA. Subjective health and limitations are both significant determinants of NHA, but subjective health is an effect modifier on the effect of limitations and vice versa.ConclusionsOur findings pinpoint important predictors of NHA in older adults, and offer possibilities of prevention to avoid or delay NHA for this population. The strong impact of need factors on the risk of NHA may indicate equitable access to NHA (i.e., those in need for support have access to NH). Practical implications include prevention of falls and appropriate and timely management of physical chronic conditions and neurodegenerative disorders. Focus should also be on people living alone to provide the appropriate social support and/or home care services. Further investigation of predictors of NHA should include contextual factors such as the availability of nursing-home beds, hospital beds, physicians and waiting lists for NHA.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Letícia Lousada ◽  
Francisco Clécio Dutra ◽  
Beatriz Silva ◽  
Natália Oliveira ◽  
Ismael Bastos ◽  
...  

Abstract Background: Safety culture in primary care and home care services is still poorly studied, although this levels of care are the gateways to health services. This study aims to evaluate the culture of patient safety in Primary and Home Care Services. Methods: This is an observational cross-sectional study carried out with 147 professionals from nine district linked to the Home Care Program and six primary health care units. For the evaluation of culture, the Safety Attitudes Questionnaire (SAQ) was used, which considers a positive patient safety culture with scores ≥ 75. Results: Men who work in home care with time of professional experience of three to four years scored better for the Safety Climate, Job Satisfaction, Teamwork Climate and Total SAQ. Perception of management and Working Conditions received lower scores from professionals with long time of experience.Conclusions: It is concluded that the safety culture evaluation was better in the home care service when compared to the primary health care service.


2018 ◽  
Vol 71 (suppl 6) ◽  
pp. 2720-2727
Author(s):  
Irene Duarte Souza ◽  
Jéssica de Aquino Pereira ◽  
Eliete Maria Silva

ABSTRACT Objective: to investigate the care provided by family female caregivers of elderly dependents who have been monitored by public home care and its social repercussions, discussing the facets between State, society and families. Method: descriptive cross-sectional study, with 45 caregivers of elderly patients accompanied by Home Care Services. Data were collected by means of a structured script. The discussion was elaborated in light of the works "Cuidado e cuidadoras: as várias faces do trabalho do 'care'" (Care and female caregivers: the several faces of the care work) and "Gênero e trabalho na França e no Brasil" (Gender and work in France and Brazil). Results: Most caregivers were women (95%) who performed home care at several places and incorporated hospital equipment into everyday life. They have been caregivers for four and a half years, working 18 hours a day on average; they presented average age of 55 years; 82% were ill, and 43% had no income. Conclusion: the study demonstrated the relevance of the care of female caregivers to society as well as their invisibility to public health and social policies.


2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elzana Odzakovic ◽  
Lars-Christer Hydén ◽  
Karin Festin ◽  
Agneta Kullberg

Aims: This study aims to examine what types of home care services and housing are granted to people with a dementia diagnosis and how these types are associated with socio-demographic factors (sex, age, marital status, native or foreign born, and regional area). Methods: A cross-sectional study of all people diagnosed with dementia in three Swedish counties was conducted from the medical records in 2012. Logistic regression analysis was carried out to investigate associations between home care services and housing and socio-demographic variables. Results: In total, 17,405 people had a dementia diagnosis, and the majority were women, aged 80+ years, and unmarried. Some 72% were living in ordinary housing and 28% lived in special housing. Of those who lived in ordinary housing, 50% did not receive any home care service. Not receiving any type of home care services was less common for older people and was also associated with being married and living in rural municipalities. The most common home care services granted were home help and personal care. Special housing was more common for older people, unmarried persons, and those living in rural municipalities. Conclusions: Most people with a dementia diagnosis were living in ordinary housing, and, surprisingly, half of those did not receive any type of home care service. This knowledge is essential for making the living conditions and needs of people living with dementia more visible and to provide good home care services for people with dementia and their families.


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