Instrument for Assessing the Ability to Identify Emotional Facial Expressions in Healthy Children and in Children With ADHD: The FEEL Test

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 563-569 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esther Lázaro ◽  
Imanol Amayra ◽  
Juan Francisco López-Paz ◽  
Oscar Martínez ◽  
Manuel Pérez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Test Method ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Emotional Facial Expressions ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Study Results

Objective: This study presents the validation of a computerized assessment tool that studies the ability to recognize emotional facial expressions in children between 8 and 11 years of age: the Facially Expressed Emotion Labeling Test (FEEL Test). Method: The two tests composing the protocol were applied using a laptop in the following order: the FEEL Test followed by the Deusto-e-Motion 1.0 Test.The sample consisted of a total of 1,189 schoolchildren aged between 8 and 11 years, 594 boys and 594 girls. A clinical sample of 47 children with ADHD also took part in this study. Results: The Cronbach’s α coefficient for the total scale was .82, showing high levels of reliability. The difficulty index of the items ranged between .4 and .7. The statistical analyses showed a high rate of discrimination between those who obtained low scores compared with those who obtained high scores. The test results reflected differences according to age and gender of participants in many of the variables associated with both response accuracy and response speed. Regarding its predictive validity, the test is able to find statistically significant differences in the total test score among a group of children diagnosed with ADHD and a matched control group. Conclusion: This article presents the validation of an instrument that assesses the ability to recognize facial expressions in children between 8 and 11 years old and can discriminate and detect differences in gender, age, and possible deficits in social skills within the ADHD.

scholarly journals The effects of sleep deprivation on the processing of emotional facial expressions in young adults with and without ADHD

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ami Cohen ◽  
Kfir Asraf ◽  
Ivgeny Saveliev ◽  
Orrie Dan ◽  
Iris Haimov
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Interactive Effect ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Experimental Session ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Adhd Group ◽  
Emotional Facial Expressions ◽  
Oddball Task

AbstractThe ability to recognize emotions from facial expressions is essential to the development of complex social cognition behaviors, and impairments in this ability are associated with poor social competence. This study aimed to examine the effects of sleep deprivation on the processing of emotional facial expressions and nonfacial stimuli in young adults with and without attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Thirty-five men (mean age 25.4) with (n = 19) and without (n = 16) ADHD participated in the study. During the five days preceding the experimental session, the participants were required to sleep at least seven hours per night (23:00/24:00–7:00/9:00) and their sleep was monitored via actigraphy. On the morning of the experimental session, the participants completed a 4-stimulus visual oddball task combining facial and nonfacial stimuli, and repeated it after 25 h of sustained wakefulness. At baseline, both study groups had poorer performance in response to facial rather than non-facial target stimuli on all indices of the oddball task, with no differences between the groups. Following sleep deprivation, rates of omission errors, commission errors and reaction time variability increased significantly in the ADHD group but not in the control group. Time and target type (face/non-face) did not have an interactive effect on any indices of the oddball task. Young adults with ADHD are more sensitive to the negative effects of sleep deprivation on attentional processes, including those related to the processing of emotional facial expressions. As poor sleep and excessive daytime sleepiness are common in individuals with ADHD, it is feasible that poor sleep quality and quantity play an important role in cognitive functioning deficits, including the processing of emotional facial expressions that are associated with ADHD.

scholarly journals Attachment Representation and Emotion Recognition Ability in Children with ADHD and Their Parents: A Study Protocol

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 2277
Author(s):  
Ruediger Kissgen ◽  
Sebastian Franke ◽  
Moritz Susewind ◽  
Maya Krischer
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Recognition ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Disorganized Attachment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Adhd Diagnosis ◽  
Attachment Research ◽  
Recognition Ability ◽  
Emotion Recognition Ability

Background: Few studies in clinical attachment research to date have examined children with an attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) diagnosis. This is surprising for two reasons: first, there are a number of parallels between the behaviors of children with an insecure and disorganized attachment and the behaviors of children with an ADHD diagnosis. Second, secure attachment has a positive effect on the development of skills in areas in which children with ADHD demonstrate problems (e.g., attention span, impulse control). There are currently no findings on whether or not and how insecure and disorganized attachment and ADHD affect children’s emotion recognition ability. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study, part exploratory and part hypothesis-driven in the context of basic research. A clinical sample of 5- to 10-year-old children with an ADHD diagnosis and their parents is to be compared to a non-clinical unaffected control group. Over a period of 3 years, 80 subjects and their parents are to be recruited in each group for participation in the study. Discussion: This study is the first to examine links between attachment, emotion recognition ability, and ADHD. It is also the first to include not just children with ADHD but also their mothers and fathers in its design. The findings should help reduce the research gap and generate more knowledge for family interventions in the case of ADHD.

scholarly journals How to Predict the Impact of Methylphenidate on Cardiovascular Risk in Children with Attention Deficit Disorder: Methylphenidate Improves Autonomic Dysfunction in Children with ADHD

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reiner Buchhorn ◽  
Christian Müller ◽  
Christian Willaschek ◽  
Kambiz Norozi
Keyword(s):  
Sudden Cardiac Death ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Attention Deficit Disorder ◽  
Cardiac Death ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Heart Defect ◽  
Adhd Children ◽  
The Impact

Background. Although stimulants have long been touted as treatments for attention deficit disorder with or without hyperactivity (ADHD), in recent years, increasing concerns have been raised about the cardiovascular safety of these medications. We aimed to prove if measurements of autonomic function with time domain analysis of heart rate variability (HRV) in 24-hour Holter ECG are useful to predict the risk of sudden cardiac death in ADHD children and adolescents. Methods. We analysed HRV obtained from children with the diagnosis of ADHD prior to (N=12) or during medical therapy (N=19) with methylphenidate (MPH), aged 10.8±2.0 years (mean ± SD), who were referred to our outpatient Paediatric Cardiology Clinic to rule out heart defect. As a control group, we compared the HRV data of 19 age-matched healthy children without heart defect. Results. Average HRV parameters from 24-hour ECG in the ADHD children prior to MPH showed significant lower values compared to healthy children with respect to rMSSD (26±4 ms versus 44±10 ms, P≤0.0001) and pNN50 (6.5±2.7% versus 21.5±9.0%, P≤0.0001). These values improved in MPH-treated children with ADHD (RMSSD: 36±8 ms; pNN50: 14.2±6.9%). Conclusion. Children who suffer from ADHD show significant changes in HRV that predominantly reflects diminished vagal tone, a well-known risk factor of sudden cardiac death in adults. In our pilot study, MPH treatment improved HRV.

scholarly journals Evaluation of oral functions of the stomatognathic system according to the levels of asthma severity

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana San Jorge de Castro ◽  
Adyléia Aparecida Dalbo Contrera Toro ◽  
Eulália Sakano ◽  
José Dirceu Ribeiro
Keyword(s):  
Persistent Asthma ◽  
Asthma Severity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Structural Part ◽  
Assessment Protocol ◽  
Group I ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Children With Asthma ◽  
Asthma Group

PURPOSE: To compare the orofacial functions (chewing, swallowing and speech) in children with asthma and healthy children. METHODS: A cross sectional study including 54 children of both genders with ages between 7 and 10 years was conducted. Twenty-seven of these subjects composed the experimental group, and were subdivided into two severity levels of asthma: Group I - mild intermittent and persistent asthma; Group II - persistent moderate to severe asthma. Twenty-seven healthy children were included in the control group (Group III). Speech-language pathology evaluation used the adapted Orofacial Myofunctional Assessment Protocol. Adaptation consisted in the exclusion of the structural part of the test, since this was not the aim of the study. The structural part was excluded because it was not the aim of this study. RESULTS: It was found alterations in oral functions, with significant differences between the three groups. These alterations showed no correlation with asthma severity, since the highest rate of alterations was found in Group I (mild asthma). CONCLUSION: Regardless of the severity level, children with asthma have altered patterns of chewing, swallowing and speech.

P053 The place of ASLOs in the diagnosis of RAA in Morocco

Rheumatology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 60 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Himri Sara ◽  
Oumokhtar Bouchra ◽  
El Fakir Samira ◽  
Atmani Samir
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Cardiac Involvement ◽  
Average Rate ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Sufficient Evidence ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Recurrent Tonsillitis ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background The assay of antistreptolysin O antibodies “ASLO” can provide evidence of infection of streptococcal origin, but it cannot confirm the presence of rheumatic fever “RAA” or the degree of severity of the disease. However, it is widely prescribed in daily practice by pediatricians and general practitioners to diagnose RAA. Unfortunately, the only finding of a high rate of ASLO in front of recurrent tonsillitis in children is considered by some practitioners as sufficient evidence to support the diagnosis of RAA, especially in its minor form, without taking into account the Jones criteria. The objective of this study is to put the ASLO assay in its place in the diagnosis of RAA in children in the region of Fez in Morocco. Methods This is a prospective study carried out from January 2016 to July 2019 in the cardiopediatric unit of CHU Hassan II in Fez. Patients below 18 years of age were included in this study. The children are classified into 4 groups: group 1: RAA with cardiac involvement, group 2: RAA without cardiac involvement, group 3: recurrent pharyngitis and group 4: control. Children with RAA are diagnosed according to the modified Jones criteria. The repetitive angina group includes any child who has tonsillitis >5 times a year. The control group presents healthy children. The ASLO assay was carried out in the central analysis laboratory of the CHU Hassan II in Fez. Patient data is collected on operating sheets. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS v 21 software. Results These are 153 children with RAA: 119 cases of RAA with cardiac involvement and 34 cases of RAA without cardiac involvement, 86 children with recurrent pharyngitis and 157 children controls. The most common age group in the four groups is the age group between 5 and 15 years old. The frequency of children of urban origin is greater than that of rural origin in all the groups studied. The average ASLO rates in each group are as follows: RAA with carditis: 281.1 IU/ml RAA without carditis: 331.9 IU/ml Repeated angina: 397.7 IU/ml Control: 208.8 IU/ml Monitoring the change in ASLO, every 3 months for a year, in the groups studied showed that the ASLO level is stable at high rates in the case of recurrent pharyngitis and it tends to decrease in the case of AAR. Regarding the relationship between ASLO means and gender, there is a high ASLO mean in boys more than girls in all groups. Also, the mean ASLO is high in children from urban areas for the recurrent angina group. In addition, the average rate of ASLO is high during cold seasons in all groups. Finally, our study shows that the increase in ASLO is related to age. There is a significant difference between ASLO rates and age in all groups. Conclusion ASLO levels do not correlate with cardiac involvement but rather with infection and the child's individual immunity. The evidence is that ASLO levels> 200 IU/ml are more common with recurrent pharyngitis than with rheumatic heart disease. So a high ASLO is not necessarily related to an RAA. Keywords ASLO, children, RAA, recurrent tonsillitis

scholarly journals ADHD Symptoms and School Impairment History in Parents of ADHD Children are a Fundamental Diagnostic and Therapeutic Clue.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luisa Cortellazzo Wiel ◽  
Francesco Rispoli ◽  
Giulia Peccolo ◽  
Valentina Rosolen ◽  
Egidio Barbi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Therapy Outcome ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Adhd Children ◽  
Educational Therapy ◽  
Emotional Impairment

Abstract Background: Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a multi-factorial condition, with inheritance playing a major role. Recognizing parents’ ADHD represents a clue not only for an earlier diagnosis of the disease in their children, but also to optimize psycho-educational therapy outcome, by addressing the impairment of parenting related to untreated ADHD. This study aimed to assess the frequency of features suggestive of ADHD during childhood among parents of affected children, and the presence of school and emotional impairment.Methods: We administered the Wender Utah Rating Scale-25, a self-assessment tool for the retrospective identification of symptoms consistent with ADHD during childhood, to a cohort of 120 parents of 60 children diagnosed with ADHD, and to a consistent number of “controls”.Results: The WURS-25 proved positive in 49.1% of fathers and 30.0% of mothers of ADHD patients, compared to 1.7% of fathers and 1.7% of mothers of non-ADHD patients (p < 0.0001). The questions addressing learning and emotional impairment provided significantly higher scores in parents with an overall positive test compared to those with negative test (p < 0.0001).Conclusions: This study demonstrates a remarkably high rate of symptoms consistent with ADHD during childhood in parents of affected children. Physicians should be aware that this is a relevant anamnestic clue and, given the relevance of parents’ role in the management of children with ADHD, an important issue in order to improve patients’ treatment.

Caries Experience Associated with Attention – Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder

2006 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Todd Grooms ◽  
Martha Ann Keels ◽  
Michael Roberts ◽  
F. Thomas McIver
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Caries Experience ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Daily Routine ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Whole Saliva ◽  
Significant Difference

The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to examine whether children with attention-deficit / hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) had a total caries experience that was equivalent to children without the disorder. Methods: The test sample included children ages 6 to 10 years old diagnosed with ADHD by physicians at Duke University Medical Center. The control group also included healthy children 6 to 10 years old without the diagnosis of ADHD.A visual dental exam for caries was performed and a sample of whole, unstimulated saliva was collected. The parent / guardian of each participant completed a health/medication history and a questionnaire concerning the child's oral health and habits, daily routine, and demographic information. Results: Wilcoxon and chi-square tests showed that children with ADHD have significantly more enamel caries in the primary and permanent dentitions and a significantly higher prevalence of total caries experience when compared to controls. There was no significant difference in whole saliva production between the ADHD children and the controls. Conclusions: Dentists should be aware that children with ADHD are at higher risk for caries.

Salivary interleukin-8 levels in children suffering from Type 1 diabetes mellitus

2013 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 377-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Dakovic ◽  
M Colic ◽  
S Cakic ◽  
I Mileusnic ◽  
Z Hajdukovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Type 1 Dm

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the differences between the salivary levels of IL-8 in patients with Type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) with (DM+P) or without (DM-P) concomitant periodontitis and healthy subjects. The correlations between the levels of these cytokines and clinical periodontal parameters were also established. Methods: Twenty children and adolescents with Type 1 DM (10 diagnosed with periodontitis, 10 presenting no signs of periodontitis) and a control group consisting of 20 healthy children and adolescents aged 7-18 years were recruited for this study. Results: The Salivary IL-8 level was statistically significantly (p&lt;0.005) elevated in subjects with Type 1 DM (474.47 ± 716.76) compared to non-diabetic control group (101.99 ± 68.32). There was no difference (p≯0.05) in the salivary IL-8 level when subjects with Type 1 DM with concomitant periodontitis were compared to diabetics without periodontitis. When the salivary IL-8 level in subjects with Type 1 DM was correlated with the clinical parameters, no statistical significance was found. Conclusion: An elevated salivary IL-8 level in subjects with Type 1 DM without concomitant periodontitis plays a major role in the development of diabetic micro and macroangiopathy and pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Consequently, this may offer a basis for the assessment of risk, prophylaxis and treatment of diabetic complications.

scholarly journals STATE OF IMMUNITY IN PRESCHOOLERS WITH ACUTE RESPIRATORY VIRAL INFECTIONS ASSOCIATED WITH ADENOID VEGETATIONS

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Evgeniia Dmitrova ◽  
◽  
Oleksandr Smiyan ◽  
Viktoria Holubnycha ◽  
Kateryna Smiian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Infections ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Acute Period ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Respiratory Viral Infections ◽  
Acute Respiratory Viral Infection

Introduction. Acute respiratory infections are the most common infectious diseases worldwide among children of different age groups. Materials and methods. 59 children between the ages of 3 and 7 participated in the study. The first group included 22 patients with an acute respiratory viral infection, the second one consisted of 23 patients with acute respiratory viral infections associated with adenoid vegetation, and 14 apparently healthy children were included in the control group. Immunology research was conducted during the acute period of the disease. Statistical processing of received data was done with the standard statistical software EZR 1.41. Results. After the research, most of the patients with acute respiratory viral infections were identified an actual increase in CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD22+- cells and IgA, IgM in the blood serum. Simultaneously, in patients with acute respiratory viral infections associated with adenoid vegetation during the acute period, the increase in total lymphocytes was identified due to CD4+, CD8+, CD22+ cells and IgG. A comparative analysis of the study results of both groups of patients showed that children from the second group had a significantly higher level of CD3+- cells, while the CD22+- lymphocytes, IgA, IgM and IgG were significantly lower from the similar indicators of the first group. Conclusions. The acute period of the disease in children with acute respiratory viral infections, associated with adenoid vegetation, had an imbalance in both the cell and the immune system's humoral component

scholarly journals Mother’s Exposure to Electromagnetic Fields before and during Pregnancy is Associated with Risk of Speech Problems in Offspring

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Zarei ◽  
M Vahab ◽  
M M Oryadi-Zanjani ◽  
N Alighanbari ◽  
S M J Mortazavi
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Electromagnetic Fields ◽  
Base Stations ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Power Lines ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Mobile Phone Use ◽  
Maternal Exposures

Background: Rapid advances in technology, especially in the field of telecommunication, have led to extraordinary levels of mothers’ exposures to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMFs) prior to or during pregnancy.Objective: The main goal of this study was to answer this question whether exposure of women to common sources of RF-EMFs either prior to or during pregnancy is related to speech problems in the offspring.Materials and Methods: In this study, mothers of 110 three-to-seven-year-old children with speech problems and 75 healthy children (control group) were interviewed. These mothers were asked whether they had exposure to different sources of EMFs such as mobile phones, mobile base stations, Wi-Fi, cordless phones, laptops and power lines. Chi square test was used to analyze the differences observed between the control and exposed groups.Results: Statistically significant associations were found between the use of cordless phone and offspring speech problems for both before pregnancy and during pregnancy maternal exposures (P=0.005 and P=0.014, respectively). However, due to high rate of mobile phone use in both groups, this study failed to show any link between mobile phone use and speech problems in offspring. Furthermore, significant associations were observed between living in the vicinity of power lines and speech problems again for both before pregnancy and during pregnancy maternal exposures (P=0.003 and P=0.002, respectively). However, exposure to other sources of non-ionizing radiation was not linked to speech problems. Moreover, exposure to ionizing radiation (e.g. radiography before and during pregnancy) was not associated with the occurrence of speech problems.Conclusion: Although this study has some limitations, it leads us to this conclusion that higher-than-ever levels of maternal exposure to electromagnetic fields could be linked to offspring speech problems.

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