scholarly journals Impact of Freeze-thaw Cycles and Storage Time on Plasma Samples Used in Mass Spectrometry Based Biomarker Discovery Projects

2005 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 117693510500100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Breeana L Mitchell ◽  
Yutaka Yasui ◽  
Christopher I Li ◽  
Annette L. Fitzpatrick ◽  
Paul D Lampe
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Biomarker Discovery ◽  
Plasma Proteome ◽  
Sample Handling ◽  
Freeze Thaw ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Human Fluids ◽  
Term Storage

Mass spectrometry approaches to biomarker discovery in human fluids have received a great deal of attention in recent years. While mass spectrometry instrumentation and analysis approaches have been widely investigated, little attention has been paid to how sample handling can impact the plasma proteome and therefore influence biomarker discovery. We have investigated the effects of two main aspects of sample handling on MALDI-TOF data: repeated freeze-thaw cycles and the effects of long-term storage of plasma at –70°C. Repeated freeze-thaw cycles resulted in a trend towards increasing changes in peak intensity, particularly after two thaws. However, a 4-year difference in long-term storage appears to have minimal effect on protein in plasma as no differences in peak number, mass distribution, or coefficient of variation were found between samples. Therefore, limiting freeze/thaw cycles seems more important to maintaining the integrity of the plasma proteome than degradation caused by long-term storage at –70°C.

scholarly journals Stability of important antibodies for kidney disease: pre-analytic methodological considerations

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e5178
Author(s):  
Qiuxia Han ◽  
Songyan Li ◽  
Bo Fu ◽  
Dongwei Liu ◽  
Maoqing Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Physical Disturbance ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Freeze Thaw ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Circulating Antibodies ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Term Storage

BackgroundThe importance of circulating antibodies as biomarkers of kidney disease has recently been recognized. However, no study has systematically described the methodology of sample preparation and storage regarding antibodies as biomarkers of kidney disease. It remains unknown whether repetitive freeze-thaw cycles, physical disturbances, storage at different temperatures or for different periods of time, or haemolytic or turbid serum samples affect antibody measurements. The aim of this study was to investigate the stabilities of antibodies associated with kidney disease in serum samples under various relevant clinical and research conditions.MethodsWe stored serum samples in the following different conditions: repetitive freeze-thaw cycles (1, 6 or 12 times), long-term storage (7 or 12 months at −80 °C), physical disturbance (1 or 8 h), and storage at 4 °C (1, 3 or 6 weeks) and room temperature (1 or 7 days). The stabilities of the anti-phospholipase A2 receptor (anti-PLA2R), anti-glomerular basement membrane, anti-myeloperoxidase and anti-proteinase 3 antibodies were evaluated with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA).ResultsWe found that repetitive freeze-thaw cycles did not have a significant effect on the stabilities of the abovementioned antibodies in clear serum samples. The ELISA readings of haemolytic and turbid serum samples tended to increase and decrease, respectively. Neither long-term storage at −80 °C nor physical disturbance had a significant effect on anti-PLA2R antibody stability in sealed serum samples. The concentrations of most of these antibodies increased in unsealed serum samples that were stored at 4 °C for more than 6 weeks or at room temperature for more than 7 days.DiscussionOur findings revealed that the abovementioned circulating antibodies that are used as biomarkers for kidney disease had stable physicochemical properties, structures and immunoreactivities such that they were not influenced by repetitive freeze-thaw cycles, physical disturbances or long-term storage at −80 °C. However, the ELISA readings tended to change for haemolytic, turbid and unsealed serum samples.

MODERN PROBLEMATICS AND ANALYSIS OF EFFICIENCY OF APPLICATION OF DIFFERENT APPROACHES TO DESTRUCTION OF INFORMATION ON MAGNETIC MEDIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (12) ◽  
pp. 154-164
Author(s):  
O. Semenenko ◽  
O. Vodchyts ◽  
V. Koverga ◽  
R. Lukash ◽  
O. Lutsenko
Keyword(s):  
Armed Forces ◽  
Information Storage ◽  
Storage Device ◽  
Magnetic Media ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Physical Impact ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Term Storage

The introduction and active use of information transmission and storage systems in the Ministry of Defense (MoD) of Ukraine form the need to develop ways of guaranteed removal of data from media after their use or long-term storage. Such a task is an essential component of the functioning of any information security system. The article analyzes the problems of guaranteed destruction of information on magnetic media. An overview of approaches to the guaranteed destruction of information on magnetic media of different types is presented, and partial estimates of the effectiveness of their application are given by some generally accepted indicators of performance evaluation. The article also describes the classification of methods of destruction of information depending on the influence on its medium. The results of the analysis revealed the main problems of application of software methods and methods of demagnetization of the information carrier. The issue of guaranteed destruction of information from modern SSD devices, which are actively used in the formation of new systems of information accumulation and processing, became particularly relevant in the article. In today's conditions of development of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, methods of mechanical and thermal destruction are more commonly used today. In the medium term, the vector of the use of information elimination methods will change towards the methods of physical impact by the pulsed magnetic field and the software methods that allow to store the information storage device, but this today requires specialists to develop new ways of protecting information in order to avoid its leakage.

scholarly journals Chlorogenic acid content in potato tubers with colored flesh as affected by a genotype, location and long-term storage

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (No. 7) ◽  
pp. 355-360
Author(s):  
Matyáš Orsák ◽  
Karel Hamouz ◽  
Jaromír Lachman ◽  
Pavel Kasal
Keyword(s):  
Chlorogenic Acid ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
The Other ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Flesh Color ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Term Storage

In three-year field experiments, the effect of genotype, flesh color, site conditions and storage on chlorogenic acid content (CAC) in tubers of potato cultivars with purple or red flesh was compared to yellow-fleshed cv. Agria. The results confirmed the significant effect of genotype on CAC. The highest CAC was characteristic on a three-year mean for the purple-fleshed cv. Vitelotte (769.5 mg/kg fresh weight (FW)), i.e. 1.19−2.6 times higher than in the other cultivars. In regard to the effect of flesh color, significantly higher mean CAC levels have been shown for the red-fleshed (2.8 times) and purple-fleshed (3.16 times) cultivars in comparison with cv. Agria (148 mg/kg FW). At the Uhříněves location with a warmer climate and frequent dry periods as compared to the second Valečov location, a higher CAC (1.18 times) was found. Cold storage (4°C, 6 months) resulted in a significant CAC increase varying from 33.2% in the Blaue St. Galler cultivar to 210.6% in the Vitelotte cultivar among all eight evaluated color-fleshed cultivars. On the other hand, the effect of storage on CAC was not evident in the yellow-fleshed Agria cultivar (inconclusive difference against CAC after harvest).

scholarly journals Aboveground storage of hydrocarbon gas hydrates

2018 ◽  
Vol 60 ◽  
pp. 00028
Author(s):  
Mykola Zotsenko ◽  
Larysa Pedchenko ◽  
Andrii Manhura
Keyword(s):  
Gas Hydrate ◽  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Negative Temperature ◽  
Prolonged Storage ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Hydrocarbon Gas ◽  
Mixing Method ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Term Storage

The work objective is to substantiate the technical bases for the production of gas hydrate blocks directly on-site for further transportation and storage in above ground storages, as an alternative to transporting and storing gas in underground gas storages. The theoretical bases have been considered and processes of gas hydrate blocks producing, physical-mechanical characteristics of artificial hydrates with the purpose of determining the conditions of their storage and prolonged storage were tested in laboratory conditions. The construction of above ground gas hydrate storage in the form of a building, partially deepened in a ground, which is separated from the environment by a wall of gravel cement elements made by the mixing method were substantiated. It is proved that such a constructive solution for a long-term storage of gas hydrate blocks is the most economical in terms of energy consumption to maintain internal negative temperature.

scholarly journals HMGB1 concentration measurements in trauma patients: assessment of pre-analytical conditions and sample material

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
William Ottestad ◽  
Ingrid N. Rognes ◽  
Erlend Skaga ◽  
Cassandra Frisvoll ◽  
Guttorm Haraldsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Western Blot ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Sample Material ◽  
Limits Of Agreement ◽  
Freeze Thaw ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Term Storage

Abstract Background HMGB1 is a mediator of systemic inflammation in sepsis and trauma, and a promising biomarker in many diseases. There is currently no standard operating procedure for pre-analytical handling of HMGB1 samples, despite that pre-analytical conditions account for a substantial part of the overall error rate in laboratory testing. We hypothesized that the considerable variations in reported HMGB1 concentrations and kinetics in trauma patients could be partly explained by differences in pre-analytical conditions and choice of sample material. Methods Trauma patients (n = 21) admitted to a Norwegian Level I trauma center were prospectively included. Blood was drawn in K2EDTA coated tubes and serum tubes. The effects of delayed centrifugation were evaluated in samples stored at room temperature for 15 min, 3, 6, 12, and 24 h respectively. Plasma samples subjected to long-term storage in − 80 °C and to repeated freeze/thaw cycles were compared with previously analyzed samples. HMGB1 concentrations in simultaneously acquired arterial and venous samples were also compared. HMGB1 was assessed by standard ELISA technique, additionally we investigated the suitability of western blot in both serum and plasma samples. Results Arterial HMGB1 concentrations were consistently lower than venous concentrations in simultaneously obtained samples (arterial = 0.60 x venous; 95% CI 0.30–0.90). Concentrations in plasma and serum showed a strong linear correlation, however wide limits of agreement. Storage of blood samples at room temperature prior to centrifugation resulted in an exponential increase in plasma concentrations after ≈6 h. HMGB1 concentrations were fairly stable in centrifuged plasma samples subjected to long-term storage and freeze/thaw cycles. We were not able to detect HMGB1 in either serum or plasma from our trauma patients using western blotting. Conclusions Arterial and venous HMGB1 concentrations cannot be directly compared, and concentration values in plasma and serum must be compared with caution due to wide limits of agreement. Although HMGB1 levels in clinical samples from trauma patients are fairly stable, strict adherence to a pre-analytical protocol is advisable in order to protect sample integrity. Surprisingly, we were unable to detect HMGB1 utilizing standard western blot analysis.

Nutrient losses in cereal and pasture hays stored in three types of hay packages in the open in two environments

1985 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 326 ◽  
Author(s):  
MJ Cochrane ◽  
RB Wickes
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutrient Losses ◽  
Storage Medium ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Large Round ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Term Storage ◽  
Lower Medium

Cereal and pasture hays, cut at the same site, were packaged into medium-sized round bales, large round bales and stacks. Halfthe number of each hay type and of each hay package were stored in the open for up to 15 months in a 500 mm rainfall area and half were transported to and stored for up to 15 months in a 1000 mm rainfall area. Densities of the pasture hay packages were within the manufacturers' specified ranges but those of the cereal hay packages were lower. Medium-sized round bales were less dense than large round bales and weathered more than large round bales and stacks after 10 and 15 months storage. Cereal hay packages deteriorated more than pasture hay packages with long-term storage. Medium-sized round bales lost more dry matter than large round bales after storage over the winter and more digestible dry matter over this period and after long-term storage. They also lost more crude protein than large round bales when stored over the first summer and over the following winter. It was economic to store all packages in the open over the first summer. It was uneconomic to store medium-sized round bales in the open over the following winter, while storage of large round bales and stacks was economic. For long-term storage, it was uneconomic to store any of the hay packages in the open, and storage under cover would have to be considered.

Relationship between Acoustic Firmness and Magness Taylor Firmness in Royal Gala and Golden Smoothee Apples

2009 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Molina-Delgado ◽  
S. Alegre ◽  
J. Puy ◽  
I. Recasens
Keyword(s):  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Acoustic Measurements ◽  
Good Tool ◽  
Malus Domestica Borkh ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Acoustic Methods ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Term Storage

This study aimed to evaluate apple firmness measured using both the penetrometer and acoustic methods. The methodologies were applied to Royal Gaya and Golden Smoothee apples (Malus domestica. Borkh) harvested from 12 different orchards in Catalonia (Spain), on six different dates, and over three seasons. The relationship between firmness and physicochemical quality parameters was analyzed at harvest and post-harvest. The results obtained showed a noticeable correlation between Magness Taylor firmness and acoustic measurements in Royal Gala, but no correlation was found for Golden Smoothee. Fruit variety and storage had a clear influence on correlations between the two measurements. Measurements of Magnes Taylor and acoustic firmness seemed to correspond to different physical properties. Acoustic measurements seemed to be a good tool for evaluating changes in tissue firmness during long-term storage, especially for Golden Smoothee apples. The maturity of the fruit seemed to play a more important role in the measurement of Magnes Taylor firmness than in the measurement of acoustic firmness for the Royal Gaya variety.

scholarly journals An automated system to mount cryo-cooled protein crystals on a synchrotron beamline, using compact sample cassettes and a small-scale robot

2002 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 720-726 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aina E. Cohen ◽  
Paul J. Ellis ◽  
Mitchell D. Miller ◽  
Ashley M. Deacon ◽  
R. Paul Phizackerley
Keyword(s):  
Synchrotron Radiation ◽  
Industrial Robot ◽  
Automated System ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Compact Sample ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Radiation Laboratory ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Term Storage

An automated system for mounting and dismounting pre-frozen crystals has been implemented at the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory (SSRL). It is based on a small industrial robot and compact cylindrical cassettes, each holding up to 96 crystals mounted on Hampton Research sample pins. For easy shipping and storage, the cassette fits inside several popular dry-shippers and long-term storage Dewars. A dispensing Dewar holds up to three cassettes in liquid nitrogen adjacent to the beamline goniometer. The robot uses a permanent magnet tool to extract samples from, and insert samples into a cassette, and a cryo-tong tool to transfer them to and from the beamline goniometer. The system is simple, with few moving parts, reliable in operation and convenient to use.

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