scholarly journals Temporal Aspects in Air Quality Modeling—A Case Study in Wrocław

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 117862212097582
Author(s):  
Joanna Kamińska ◽  
Estrella Lucena-Sánchez ◽  
Guido Sciavicco
Keyword(s):  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Traffic Flows ◽  
Final Model ◽  
Underlying Process ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Novel Technique ◽  
Temporal Aspects ◽  
Quality Modeling ◽  
Standard Techniques

Anthropogenic environmental pollution is a known and indisputable issue, and the importance of searching for reliable mathematical models that help understanding the underlying process is witnessed by the extensive literature on the topic. In this article, we focus on the temporal aspects of the processes that govern the concentration of pollutants using typical explanatory variables, such as meteorological values and traffic flows. We develop a novel technique based on multiobjective optimization and linear regression to find optimal delays for each variable, and then we apply such delays to our data to evaluate the improvement that can be obtained with respect to learning an explanatory model with standard techniques. We found that optimizing delays can, in some cases, improve the accuracy of the final model up to 15%.

IMF Stabilization Programs, Policy Conduct and Macroeconomic Outcomes: A Case Study of Pakistan

2006 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-62
Author(s):  
Nawaz A. Hakro ◽  
Wadho Waqar Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Current Account ◽  
Inflation Rate ◽  
Current Account Balance ◽  
Macroeconomic Policies ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Fiscal Balance ◽  
Macroeconomic Impacts ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Imf

This study is designed to assess the macroeconomic performance of fund-supported programs, and the sequencing and ordering of macroeconomic policies in the context of the Pakistan economy. The generalized evaluation estimator technique has been used to assess the macroeconomic impacts of the IMF supported programs. GDP growth, inflation rate, current account balance, fiscal balance and unemployment are used as the target variables in order to gauge economic performance during the program years. The vector of policy variables (that might have been adopted in the absence of programs) and the vector of foreign exogenous variables are also taken as explanatory variables in the model, so that the individual effect of the IMF supported programs could be assessed. The result suggests that as the IMF prescriptions were applied, the current account balance has worsened, the unemployment rate has significantly increased, and the inflation rate has increased during the years of fund-supported programs. Only the budget balance has shown signs of improvement. Furthermore an inadequate sequencing of reforms has contributed to the further worsening of the economic scenario during the program period.

Revealing Safety Risks of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles in Construction

2021 ◽  
pp. 036119812110171
Author(s):  
Mostafa Namian ◽  
Mohammad Khalid ◽  
George Wang ◽  
Yelda Turkan
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
The United States ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Effective Strategies ◽  
Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Safety Risks ◽  
Potential Safety ◽  
Post Hoc

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have gained their prevalent recognition in construction because of their exceptional advantages. Despite the increasing use of UAVs in the industry and their remarkable benefits, there are serious potential safety risks associated that have been overlooked. Construction is one of the most hazardous industries in the United States. In addition to the ordinary hazards normally present in dynamic construction workplaces, UAVs can expose workers to a wider range of never-before-seen safety risks that must be recognized and controlled. The industry is not equipped with safety measures to prevent potential accidents, because of scarce research on drone-associated hazards and risks. The aim of this research was to (1) identify the UAV-associated hazards in construction that may expose personnel and property to potential harms, and (2) study the relative impact of each hazard and the associated safety risks. In Phase I, the researchers conducted an extensive literature review and consulted with a construction UAV expert. In Phase II, the researchers obtained data from 54 construction experts validating and evaluating the identified hazards and risks. The results revealed that adopting UAVs can expose construction projects to a variety of hazards that the industry is not familiar with. “Collision with properties,”“collision with humans,” and “distraction” were identified as the top three safety risks. Moreover, the study introduces effective strategies, such as having qualified crew members, proper drone model selection, and drone maintenance, to mitigate the safety risks. Finally, a post-hoc case study was investigated and presented in this article.

scholarly journals Ozone Air Quality Modeling. A Case Study: A Heavily Vehicle Impacted Urban Avenue in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

2002 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 308-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graciela Arbilla ◽  
Eduardo M. Martins ◽  
Andréa Moreira ◽  
Lino F. R. Moreira
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Air Quality Modeling ◽  
Quality Modeling

Reliability-based covariate analysis for complex systems in heterogeneous environment: Case study of mining equipment

2018 ◽  
Vol 233 (4) ◽  
pp. 593-604
Author(s):  
Amin Moniri-Morad ◽  
Mohammad Pourgol-Mohammad ◽  
Hamid Aghababaei ◽  
Javad Sattarvand
Keyword(s):  
Complex Systems ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Reliability Evaluation ◽  
Distribution Functions ◽  
Heterogeneous Environment ◽  
Mining Equipment ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
The Impact

Operational heterogeneity and harsh environment lead to major variations in production system performance and safety. Traditional probabilistic model is dealt with time-to-event data analysis, which does not have the capability of quantifying and simulation of these types of complexities. This research proposes an integrated methodology for analyzing the impact of dominant explanatory variables on the complex system reliability. A flexible parametric proportional hazards model is developed by focusing on standard parametric Cox regression model for reliability evaluation in complex systems. To achieve this, natural cubic splines are utilized to create a smooth and flexible baseline hazards function where the standard parametric distribution functions do not fit into the failure data set. A real case study is considered to evaluate the reliability for multi-component mechanical systems such as mining equipment. Different operational and environmental explanatory variables are chosen for the analysis process. Research findings revealed that precise estimation of the baseline hazards function is a major part of the reliability evaluation in heterogeneous environment. It is concluded that an appropriate maintenance strategy potentially mitigate the equipment failure intensity.

scholarly journals Polymethyl Methacrylate Quality Modeling with Missing Data Using Subspace Based Model Identification

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1691
Author(s):  
Nikesh Patel ◽  
Kavitha Sivanathan ◽  
Prashant Mhaskar
Keyword(s):  
Missing Data ◽  
Least Squares ◽  
Partial Least Squares ◽  
Polymethyl Methacrylate ◽  
Model Identification ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Quality Modeling ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Quality Measurements

This paper addresses the problem of quality modeling in polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) production. The key challenge is handling the large amounts of missing quality measurements in each batch due to the time and cost sensitive nature of the measurements. To this end, a missing data subspace algorithm that adapts nonlinear iterative partial least squares (NIPALS) algorithms from both partial least squares (PLS) and principal component analysis (PCA) is utilized to build a data driven dynamic model. The use of NIPALS algorithms allows for the correlation structure of the input–output data to minimize the impact of the large amounts of missing quality measurements. These techniques are utilized in a simulated case study to successfully model the PMMA process in particular, and demonstrate the efficacy of the algorithm to handle the quality prediction problem in general.

scholarly journals On the border of deep spirituality and psychosis… A case study

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 183-197
Author(s):  
Ewelina Dziwota ◽  
Diana Żmuda ◽  
Rafał Dubiel ◽  
Kamila Dziwota ◽  
Renata Markiewicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mentally Ill ◽  
Psychiatric Treatment ◽  
Complex Problem ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Religion And Spirituality ◽  
Clinical Context ◽  
Individual Traits ◽  
Spiritual Problems ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThis article is a case study of a 28-year-old patient diagnosed with F23. The report is preceded by an extensive literature review describing the situation of the mentally ill, in which psychiatry intermingles with spirituality and the sacrum.The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between religion/spirituality and schizophrenia as well as to draw attention to the complex problem of differential diagnosis of religious and spiritual problems. When is psychiatric treatment enough and when is intervention of a priest really essential?The authors discuss the problem of mental disorders in connection with religion and spirituality in the clinical context. The article shows that it is very important that the processes of diagnosis and treatment take into account the patients’ individual traits, beliefs, values and spirituality.

scholarly journals BIM and DfMA: A Paradigm of New Opportunities

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 9591
Author(s):  
Sepehr Abrishami ◽  
Rocío Martín-Durán
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Construction Methods ◽  
Wide Range

The main goal of this study is to explore the adoption of a design for manufacturing and assembly (DfMA) and building information management (BIM) approach during the whole lifecycle of assets. This approach aims to tackle issues inherent in the design of traditional construction methods, such as low productivity and quality, poor predictability and building performance, and energy use, through the implementation of a BIM library of off-site components. In recent years, a renewed interest has been directed to the attempt to provide solutions to these urgent problems through the adoption of new advancements in technologies. However, while there are studies focussing on a BIM-DfMA approach, there is a lack of research regarding how this approach should be adopted during the whole lifecycle of the assets. Furthermore, to the best of our knowledge, defining an efficient way of developing a component-based BIM object library has not yet been included in any of the available studies. A mixed methodology approach has been used in this research. A conceptual framework was developed as the result of an extensive literature review to investigate new advancements in the AEC sector. Following the literature review, the framework was tested and validated through a case study based on the production and adoption of a BIM library of off-site components at the design stage of an asset. The architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) industry has recognised the necessity of a new approach that helps to resolve the well-known issues presented in traditional methods of construction. The conceptual framework and case study proposed presents a valuable new method of construction that support the implementation of a BIM and DfMA approach, highlighting their benefits. This framework has been created using many valuable and reliable sources of information. The result of this research supports the idea of a novel new construction method that focuses on a manufacturing-digital-driven industry, with the use of DfMA in a BIM-integrated approach. This novel method will add significance and be beneficial for a wide range of aspects in the construction sector, contributing to the theoretical and practical domain.

scholarly journals Volumetric absorptive microsampling at home as an alternative tool for the monitoring of HbA1c in diabetes patients

2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nick Verougstraete ◽  
Bruno Lapauw ◽  
Sara Van Aken ◽  
Joris Delanghe ◽  
Christophe Stove ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Median Time ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Blood Collection ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Novel Technique ◽  
Reliable Tool ◽  
Standard Techniques ◽  
Blood Spot ◽  
Volumetric Absorptive Microsampling ◽  
At Home

AbstractBackground:Microsampling techniques have several advantages over traditional blood collection. Dried blood spot (DBS) sampling and blood collection with heparinized capillaries are the standard techniques. Volumetric absorptive microsampling (VAMS) is a novel technique that collects a fixed volume of blood by applying an absorbent tip to a blood drop. In the present study we explored the feasibility of HbAMethods:Diabetic patients were enrolled in this study during consultation with the endocrinologist. A venous (adults) or capillary (children) sample was taken for immediate HbAResults:The median time between sampling at home and analysis was 3 days. Results of HbAConclusions:Utilizing equipment standard available in the clinical laboratory, the use of home-sampled dried VAMS and DBS is not a reliable tool for the monitoring of HbA

Enabling Democratic Local Governance through Rural E-Municipalities in Kyrgyzstan

2013 ◽  
pp. 34-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zamira Dzhusupova
Keyword(s):  
Local Governance ◽  
Real Life ◽  
National Development ◽  
Governance Structure ◽  
Careful Consideration ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Life Project ◽  
Development Context

This chapter presents a case study on rural e-municipalities in Kyrgyzstan as an enabling tool for facilitating and supporting democratic local governance. The authors examine the case based on their action research and discuss key findings in terms of challenges of implementing and sustaining ICT-enabled local governance observed throughout the life cycle of the real life project. The case presentation is guided by the conceptual framework built on an extensive literature review. Key findings and lessons drawn from this case study can guide policy makers and practitioners in other developing countries in designing and implementing similar initiatives with careful consideration of national development context, enabling political, administrative, and legal environment, governance structure and decentralization policies, institutional framework, and strength of rural municipalities and local communities. This chapter’s possible contribution to research includes improving understanding of the implementation and sustainability issues of rural e-municipality as one of the critical e-governance initiatives at the grassroots level.

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