scholarly journals Volumetric absorptive microsampling at home as an alternative tool for the monitoring of HbA1c in diabetes patients

2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nick Verougstraete ◽  
Bruno Lapauw ◽  
Sara Van Aken ◽  
Joris Delanghe ◽  
Christophe Stove ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Median Time ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Blood Collection ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Novel Technique ◽  
Reliable Tool ◽  
Standard Techniques ◽  
Blood Spot ◽  
Volumetric Absorptive Microsampling ◽  
At Home

AbstractBackground:Microsampling techniques have several advantages over traditional blood collection. Dried blood spot (DBS) sampling and blood collection with heparinized capillaries are the standard techniques. Volumetric absorptive microsampling (VAMS) is a novel technique that collects a fixed volume of blood by applying an absorbent tip to a blood drop. In the present study we explored the feasibility of HbAMethods:Diabetic patients were enrolled in this study during consultation with the endocrinologist. A venous (adults) or capillary (children) sample was taken for immediate HbAResults:The median time between sampling at home and analysis was 3 days. Results of HbAConclusions:Utilizing equipment standard available in the clinical laboratory, the use of home-sampled dried VAMS and DBS is not a reliable tool for the monitoring of HbA

scholarly journals Identification of Novel Biomarkers for Pre-diabetic Diagnosis Using a Combinational Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng-Ting Yang ◽  
Wei-Hung Chang ◽  
Tien-Fen Kuo ◽  
Ming-Yi Shen ◽  
Chu-Wen Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Serum Proteins ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Blood Collection ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Protein Markers

Reliable protein markers for pre-diabetes in humans are not clinically available. In order to identify novel and reliable protein markers for pre-diabetes in humans, healthy volunteers and patients diagnosed with pre-diabetes and stroke were recruited for blood collection. Blood samples were collected from healthy and pre-diabetic subjects 12 h after fasting. BMI was calculated from body weight and height. Fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), insulin and albumin were assayed by automated clinical laboratory methods. We used a quantitative proteomics approach to identify 1074 proteins from the sera of pre-diabetic and healthy subjects. Among them, 500 proteins were then selected using Mascot analysis scores. Further, 70 out of 500 proteins were selected via volcano plot analysis according to their statistical significance and average relative protein ratio. Eventually, 7 serum proteins were singled out as candidate markers for pre-diabetes due to their diabetic relevance and statistical significance. Immunoblotting data demonstrated that laminin subunit alpha 2 (LAMA2), mixed-lineage leukemia 4 (MLL4), and plexin domain containing 2 (PLXDC2) were expressed in pre-diabetic patients but not healthy volunteers. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis indicated that the combination of the three proteins has greater diagnostic efficacy than any individual protein. Thus, LAMA2, MLL4 and PLXDC2 are novel and reliable serum protein markers for pre-diabetic diagnosis in humans.

scholarly journals A surrogate virus neutralization test to quantify antibody-mediated inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 in finger stick dried blood spot samples

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amelia E. Sancilio ◽  
Richard T. D’Aquila ◽  
Elizabeth M. McNally ◽  
Matthew P. Velez ◽  
Michael G. Ison ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Dried Blood Spot ◽  
Blood Collection ◽  
Widespread Application ◽  
Live Virus ◽  
Dilution Series ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Blood Spot

AbstractThe spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 engages the human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor to enter host cells, and neutralizing antibodies are effective at blocking this interaction to prevent infection. Widespread application of this important marker of protective immunity is limited by logistical and technical challenges associated with live virus methods and venous blood collection. To address this gap, we validated an immunoassay-based method for quantifying neutralization of the spike-ACE2 interaction in a single drop of capillary whole blood, collected on filter paper as a dried blood spot (DBS) sample. Samples are eluted overnight and incubated in the presence of spike antigen and ACE2 in a 96-well solid phase plate. Competitive immunoassay with electrochemiluminescent label is used to quantify neutralizing activity. The following measures of assay performance were evaluated: dilution series of confirmed positive and negative samples, agreement with results from matched DBS-serum samples, analysis of results from DBS samples with known COVID-19 status, and precision (intra-assay percent coefficient of variation; %CV) and reliability (inter-assay; %CV). Dilution series produced the expected pattern of dose–response. Agreement between results from serum and DBS samples was high, with concordance correlation = 0.991. Analysis of three control samples across the measurement range indicated acceptable levels of precision and reliability. Median % surrogate neutralization was 46.9 for PCR confirmed convalescent COVID-19 samples and 0.1 for negative samples. Large-scale testing is important for quantifying neutralizing antibodies that can provide protection against COVID-19 in order to estimate the level of immunity in the general population. DBS provides a minimally-invasive, low cost alternative to venous blood collection, and this scalable immunoassay-based method for quantifying inhibition of the spike-ACE2 interaction can be used as a surrogate for virus-based assays to expand testing across a wide range of settings and populations.

A novel technique for measuring hypothalamic and pituitary hormone secretion rates from collection of pituitary venous effluent in the normal horse

1987 ◽  
Vol 113 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. H. G. Irvine ◽  
S. L. Alexander
Keyword(s):  
Hormone Secretion ◽  
Pituitary Hormones ◽  
Blood Collection ◽  
Pituitary Hormone ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Novel Technique ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Normal Functional ◽  
Gonadotrophin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Secretion Rates

ABSTRACT We have described a novel technique for collecting pituitary venous effluent in the horse by placing a cannula in the intercavernous sinus close to the outlet of the pituitary veins using a venous pathway unique to equids. Cannula placement and blood collection are carried out painlessly in fully conscious, ambulatory, unstressed animals. There is no interference to hypothalamic, pituitary or target organ function. The blood collected contains readily measurable concentrations of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone, and LH concentrations which can be up to 40 times those in concurrent peripheral blood samples. Four millilitre blood samples, a quantity which permits simultaneous measurement of many hypothalamic and pituitary hormones, can be collected at 2-min intervals for several days. Intercavernous sinus blood flow can be calculated allowing secretion rates of hypothalamic and pituitary hormones to be determined for any time-period. This model is uniquely useful for investigating the normal functional characteristics of several neuroendocrine and endocrine systems. J. Endocr. (1987) 113, 183–192

scholarly journals Volumetric Absorptive Microsampling of Blood for Untargeted Lipidomics

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 262
Author(s):  
Camilla Marasca ◽  
Maria Encarnacion Blanco Arana ◽  
Michele Protti ◽  
Andrea Cavalli ◽  
Laura Mercolini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Chemical Space ◽  
Solid Support ◽  
Dried Blood Spot ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Viable Option ◽  
Human Whole Blood ◽  
Blood Spot ◽  
Volumetric Absorptive Microsampling

In the present, proof-of-concept paper, we explore the potential of one common solid support for blood microsampling (dried blood spot, DBS) and a device (volumetric absorptive microsampling, VAMS) developed for the untargeted lipidomic profiling of human whole blood, performed by high-resolution LC-MS/MS. Dried blood microsamples obtained by means of DBS and VAMS were extracted with different solvent compositions and compared with fluid blood to evaluate their efficiency in profiling the lipid chemical space in the most broad way. Although more effort is needed to better characterize this approach, our results indicate that VAMS is a viable option for untargeted studies and its use will bring all the corresponding known advantages in the field of lipidomics, such as haematocrit independence.

scholarly journals Tolerability and Safety of a Novel Ketogenic Ester, Bis-Hexanoyl (R)-1,3-Butanediol: A Randomized Controlled Trial in Healthy Adults

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 2066
Author(s):  
Oliver Chen ◽  
Traci M. Blonquist ◽  
Eunice Mah ◽  
Kristen Sanoshy ◽  
Dawn Beckman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Safety Measures ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tolerability ◽  
Blood And Urine Samples ◽  
At Home

Nutritional ketosis is a state of mildly elevated blood ketone concentrations resulting from dietary changes (e.g., fasting or reduced carbohydrate intake) or exogenous ketone consumption. In this study, we determined the tolerability and safety of a novel exogenous ketone diester, bis-hexanoyl-(R)-1,3-butanediol (BH-BD), in a 28-day, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel trial (NCT04707989). Healthy adults (n = 59, mean (SD), age: 42.8 (13.4) y, body mass index: 27.8 (3.9) kg/m2) were randomized to consume a beverage containing 12.5 g (Days 0–7) and 25 g (Days 7–28) of BH-BD or a taste-matched placebo daily with breakfast. Tolerability, stimulation, and sedation were assessed daily by standardized questionnaires, and blood and urine samples were collected at Days 0, 7, 14, and 28 for safety assessment. There were no differences in at-home composite systemic and gastrointestinal tolerability scores between BH-BD and placebo at any time in the study, or in acute tolerability measured 1-h post-consumption in-clinic. Weekly at-home composite tolerability scores did not change when BH-BD servings were doubled. At-home scores for stimulation and sedation did not differ between groups. BH-BD significantly increased blood ketone concentrations 1-h post-consumption. No clinically meaningful changes in safety measures including vital signs and clinical laboratory measurements were detected within or between groups. These results support the overall tolerability and safety of consumption of up to 25 g/day BH-BD.

An observational study of patient experiences with a direct-to-patient telehealth abortion model in Australia

2021 ◽  
pp. bmjsrh-2021-201259
Author(s):  
Terri-ann Thompson ◽  
Jane W Seymour ◽  
Catriona Melville ◽  
Zara Khan ◽  
Danielle Mazza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Access To Care ◽  
Median Time ◽  
Medical Abortion ◽  
Patient Experiences ◽  
Potential Solution ◽  
Abortion Care ◽  
Home Service ◽  
First Contact ◽  
At Home

BackgroundWhile abortion care is widely legal in Australia, access to care is often poor. Many Australians must travel long distances or interstate to access abortion care, while others face stigma when seeking care. Telehealth-at-home medical abortion is a potential solution to these challenges. In this study, we compared the experience of accessing an abortion via telehealth-at-home to accessing care in-clinic.MethodsOver a 20-month period, we surveyed patients who received medical abortion services at Marie Stopes Australia via the telehealth-at-home service or in-clinic. We conducted bivariate analyses to assess differences in reported acceptability and accessibility by delivery model.ResultsIn total, 389 patients were included in the study: 216 who received medical abortion services in-clinic and 173 through the telehealth-at-home service. Telehealth-at-home and in-clinic patients reported similarly high levels of acceptability: satisfaction with the service (82% vs 82%), provider interaction (93% vs 84%), and recommending the service to a friend (73% vs 72%). Only 1% of telehealth-at-home patients reported that they would have preferred to be in the same room as the provider. While median time between discovering the pregnancy to first contact with a clinic was similar between groups, median time from first contact to taking the first abortion medication was 7 days longer for telehealth-at-home patients versus in-clinic patients (14 days (IQR 9–21) vs 7 days (IQR 4–14); p<0.01).ConclusionThe telehealth-at-home medical abortion service has the potential to address some of the challenges with provision of abortion care in Australia.

scholarly journals At-home self-collection of saliva, oropharyngeal swabs and dried blood spots for SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis and serology: post-collection acceptability of specimen collection process and patient confidence in specimens

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariah Valentine-Graves ◽  
Eric Hall ◽  
Jodie Guest ◽  
Elizabeth Adam ◽  
Rachel Valencia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Laboratory Testing ◽  
Dried Blood Spots ◽  
Specimen Collection ◽  
Oropharyngeal Swab ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Patient Confidence ◽  
Blood Spot ◽  
At Home

AbstractBackgroundOptions to increase the ease of testing for SARS-CoV-2 infection and immune response are needed. Self-collection of diagnostic specimens at home offers an avenue to allow people to test for SARS-CoV-2 infection or immune response without traveling to a clinic or laboratory. Before this study, survey respondents indicated willingness to self-collect specimens for COVID-related tests, but hypothetical willingness can differ from post-collection acceptability after participants collect specimens.Methods153 US adults were enrolled in a study of the willingness and feasibility of patients to self-collect three diagnostic specimens (saliva, oropharyngeal swab (OPS) and dried blood spot (DBS) card) while observed by a clinician through a telehealth session. After the specimens were collected, 148 participants participated in a survey about the acceptability of the collection, packing and shipping process, and their confidence in the samples collected for COVID-related laboratory testing.ResultsA large majority of participants (>84%) reported that collecting, packing and shipping of saliva, OPS, and DBS specimens were acceptable. Nearly nine in 10 (87%) reported being confident or very confident that the specimens they collected were sufficient for laboratory analysis. There were no differences in acceptability for any specimen type, packing and shipping, or confidence in samples by gender, age, race/ethnicity, or educational level.ConclusionsSelf-collection of specimens for SARS-CoV-2 testing and preparing and shipping specimens for analysis were acceptable in a diverse group of US adults. Further refinement of materials and instructions to support self-collection of saliva, OPS and DBS specimens for COVID-related testing is needed.Trial registrationNo intervention was tested in this study

scholarly journals Hypoglycemia Prevention Practice and Associated Factors Among Patients with Diabetes Mellitus Following at Public Hospitals of Central Zone, Tigray, Ethiopia, 2018

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gebrewahd Bezabh Gebremichael ◽  
Teklewoini Mariye Zemichael
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Central Zone ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
P Value ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
At Home

Abstract Background Hypoglycemia is an acute medical situation that occurs when blood sugar falls below the recommended level. Even though, hypoglycemia prevention practice in the management of diabetes mellitus is one cornerstone in controlling the effect of hypoglycemia, hypoglycemia prevention practice among patients with diabetes mellitus is insufficiently studied. Moreover, the existed scarce literature in Ethiopia revealed hypoglycemia prevention practice is inadequate. Thus, this study tried to assess hypoglycemia prevention practices and associated factors among diabetic patients. Methods Hospital-based, cross-sectional study design was employed from April one to March one 2018 in Central Zone of Tigray Regional state of Ethiopia. A total of 272 diabetes mellitus patients were selected by systematic random sampling method from study area. The collected data was checked for its completeness and then entered into Epi data version 3.1 then cleaned and analyzed using SPSS version 23. Binary logistic regression model (AOR, 95% CI and p-value < 0.05) was used to determine the predictors of hypoglycemia prevention practice. Results the mean age of respondents was 52.19 years and about 100 (63.2%) had good hypoglycemia prevention practice. Knowledge regarding hypoglycemia [AOR = 10.34; 95% CI [5.41, 19.89]], having a glucometer at home [AOR=3. 02; 95% CI [1.12, 8.12]], attitude regarding diabetes mellitus [AOR = 2.36 CI [1.26, 4.39]], being governmental employee [AOR=5. 19, 95% CI [1.63, 16.58]] and being divorced [AOR = 0.13, 95% CI [0.32, 0.53]] were found significantly associated with good hypoglycemia prevention practice. Conclusion Around two third of the study participants were found to have good hypoglycemia prevention practice. Good knowledge and favorable attitude toward diabetes mellitus, having glucometer at home, being governmental employee and divorced were found to be the predictors of good hypoglycemia prevention practice.

scholarly journals Correlation between glycated hemoglobin HbA1c and serum lipid profile in patients with type 2 diabetes

2021 ◽  
pp. 14-18
Author(s):  
Asmaa Alboueishi
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Serum Lipid ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Diabetic Patients

Background: Hyperlipidemia is a common risk factor for diabetes that leads to cardiovascular disease, one of the causes of death of diabetic patients. Theaimof this study was to investigate the association between HbA1c levels and serum lipids in Libyan patients withtype 2 diabetes. Material and methods: The study was conducted in 2019 on 325 patients (174 males, 151 females) with type 2 diabetes referred to a private clinical laboratory in Tripoli, Libya. Blood samples were collected for measurement of HbA1c, fasting blood glucose and serum lipid concentrations. Diabetes was defined according to the American Diabetes Association criteria.The data were analyzed using an independent t-test and Pearson’scorrelation test.Results: The ages of the patients ranged from 40 to 83 years, with a mean of 51.52 ± 14.32 years SD. No significant correlation between HbA1c and age was noted (r=0.011, p=0.063). There was a significant positive correlation betweenHbA1c level and fasting blood glucose (r =0.641, p=0.000), low-density lipoprotein (r = 0.240, p = 0.000), total cholesterol (r = 0.223, p = 0.000) and triglycerides(r=0.140,p 0.067). The correlation between HbA1c and high-density lipoprotein-C was negative but not significant (r= -0.088, p = 0.123). Conclusion: HbA1c could be used as a predictor of dyslipidemia and thus it may serve as anindicator of the development of cardiovascular disease in patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus.

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