Developing an ethical rationale for collaborative approaches to evaluation

Evaluation ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 135638902097850
Author(s):  
Jill Anne Chouinard ◽  
J. Bradley Cousins

As a deeply relational, dialogic, engaged and political approach, the collaborative research context is fairly unique in the world of research, and as such opens up an entirely new set of ethical considerations that serve to differentiate it from other approaches, repositioning ethics as a fundamental rationale for collaborative inquiry. In this paper, we revisit the justifications for collaborative approaches to evaluation—the three Ps—which have become integral to our discourse about the genre. We then elaborate on our rationale for exploring ethics as a legitimate interest in collaborative approaches to evaluation, with special consideration given to why ethics should become an essential consideration moving forward, specifically in terms of the moral obligations of collaborative approaches to evaluation practitioners. We then re-envision the inclusion of an “ethic of engagement” along seven interconnected dimensions, what we refer to as the Seven Rs of collaborative practice: reflexivity, relationality, responsibility, recognition, representation, reciprocity, and rights.

2011 ◽  
Vol 50-51 ◽  
pp. 521-525
Author(s):  
Xian Mei Fang

Grid is an emerging infrastructure which enables effective coordinate access to various distributed computing resources in order to serve the needs of collaborative research and work across the world. Grid resource management is always a key subject in the grid computing. We first analyze the resource management in the grid computing environment, then according to the load imbalance question in the ant colony optimization algorithm, propose an improved algorithm that suits to be used in the grid environment.


2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-81
Author(s):  
Daniel Fernando López- Jiménez ◽  
Patricio Vergara

In the present article, an analysis is made about the power relations, authority and government of the five biggest TI and communications companies of the world in 2017: Apple, Microsoft, Google, Facebook, Amazon; from the philosopher-political approach of Plato, Aristotle, Weber, Foucault, Arendt, Luhman and Herrero, in order to establish possible similarities between the politic power and the economical-business power, from the critical postures of Byung-Chul Han, McLuhan, Castells and Negroponte.


2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-72
Author(s):  
Laurent Jean-Claude Ravez ◽  
Stuart Rennie ◽  
Robert Yemesi ◽  
Jean-Lambert Chalachala ◽  
Darius Makindu ◽  
...  

For several years, the Democratic Republic of Congo has been the scene of strikes by the country’s doctors. The strikers’ demands are essentially financial and statutory and are intended to put pressure on the government. In this country, as is the case almost everywhere in the world, medical strikes are allowed. Every worker has the right to denounce by strike working conditions that are considered unacceptable. But are doctors just like any other workers? Do they not have particular moral obligations linked to the specificities of their profession? To shed light on these questions, the authors of this article propose three essential moral benchmarks that can be generalized to medical strike situations elsewhere in the world. The first concerns the recognition of the right to strike for doctors, including for strictly financial reasons. Health professionals cannot be asked to work in inhuman working conditions or without a salary to support their families. The second benchmark argues that it is unacceptable for this right to strike to be exercised if it sacrifices the most vulnerable patients and thus denies the very essence of the medical profession. A third benchmark complicates the reflection by reminding us that the extreme dilapidation of the Congolese health system makes it impossible to organise a minimum quality service in the event of a strike. To overcome these difficulties, we propose a national therapeutic alliance between doctors and citizens to put patients back at the centre of the health system’s concerns.


2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Gulati ◽  
B. D. Kelly ◽  
D. Meagher ◽  
H. Kennedy ◽  
C. P. Dunne

ObjectivesWe sought to identify and review published studies that discuss the ethical considerations, from a physician’s perspective, of managing a hunger strike in a prison setting.MethodsA database search was conducted to identify relevant publications. We included case studies, case series, guidelines and review articles published over a 20-year period. Non-English language publications were translated.ResultsThe review found 23 papers from 12 jurisdictions published in five languages suitable for inclusion.ConclusionsKey themes from included publications are identified and summarised in the context of accepted guidelines from the World Medical Association. Whilst there seems to be an overall consensus favouring autonomy over beneficence, tensions along this fine balance are magnified in jurisdictions where legislation leads to a dual loyalty conflict for the physician.


Author(s):  
Keesha M. Middlemass

This chapter introduces readers to the world of prisoner reentry and a felony conviction, and describes the research context. Drawing on first-person narratives, the chapter describes the lived experiences of convicted felons reacclimating to society in order to communicate the concept of social disability. A felony conviction and prisoner reentry straddle multiple disciplinary perspectives; therefore, an interdisciplinary framework is established to link history, politics, race, and public policies to convey the layered reality of a felony and its distinct socially disabling consequences. Weaving together racialized policies, such as the War on Drugs, with details about the sheer number of felons living in numerous communities across the country, this chapter lays the foundation for the book by describing who is locked up and who reenters society. Additionally, main concepts are introduced to emphasize the underlying argument that a felony conviction is a socially disabling construct that is based on punitive tough-on-crime policies.


2010 ◽  
pp. 152-163
Author(s):  
Ribhi Hazin ◽  
Ibrahim Qaddoumi ◽  
Francisco Pedrosa

A network of interconnected computers, or “computational grids,” can facilitate the ability of users to complete complex computational tasks that would be virtually impossible with a single computer. By leveraging the computational strength of grids, individual users can efficiently disseminate, exchange, and retrieve information as easily as if it were stored locally. As the authors found in this study, the possibilities computational grids present for highly specialized medical fields such as neuro-oncology are limitless. By harnessing the power of grids, neuro-oncologists can link to sophisticated interactive medical images around the world, perform complicated statistical analyses, create larger collaborative research projects, and improve delivery of care to patients around the globe. Thus, utilization of grid computing modules will inevitably lead to marked improvements in clinicians’ ability to detect, manage, and prevent complications associated with brain tumors.


2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-79
Author(s):  
Rajpal Nandra ◽  
Alan F. Brockie ◽  
Faisal Hussain

A vulnerable participant in research lacks capacity to consent or may be exposed to coercion to participate. Capacity may be temporarily impaired due to loss of consciousness, hypoxia, pain and the consumption of alcohol or elicit substances. To advance emergency care, providing life-threatening measures in life-threatening circumstances, vulnerable patients are recruited into research studies. The urgent need for time-critical treatment conflicts with routine informed consent procedures. This article reviews ethical considerations and moral obligations to safeguard these participants and preserve their autonomy. A particular focus is given to research methodology to waive consent, and the role of ethics committees, research audits, research nurses and community engagement. Research on the acutely unwell patient who lacks capacity is possible with well-designed research trials that are led by investigators who are sufficiently trained, engage the community, gain ethical approval to waive consent and continuously audit practice. Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2020;5:73-79. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.5.180051


Author(s):  
Pamala Wiepking

Abstract While there is apparent evidence that individual philanthropic behavior and the motivations for this behavior are at least to some extent universal, there is also evidence that people across the world do not equally display this behavior. In this conceptual article, I explore how we can study philanthropic behaviors from a global perspective. I contend that the macro-level study of philanthropy is underdeveloped, because of three problems intrinsic to the study of global philanthropy: problems with geographical orientation, connotations and definitions. As a first step to overcome these problems, I suggest the use of the term generosity behavior over philanthropic behavior, as this term appears more inclusive of the multitude of definitions and connotations across cultures. I conclude by formulating a collaborative research agenda for a more inclusive study and understanding of global generosity behavior, focused on generating publicly accessible knowledge and informing policy.


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