Local places and cultural distinction: The booktown model

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 401-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beth Driscoll
Keyword(s):  
International Development ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Small Towns ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Cultural Objects ◽  
International Networks ◽  
Cultural Intermediaries ◽  
Regional Australia ◽  
The Village

The international development of booktowns during the late 20th and early 21st centuries has facilitated the accumulation of cultural capital for small towns by mobilizing the prestige of books as cultural objects. This article investigates the booktown phenomenon through a case study of Clunes, a village in regional Australia that has been designated as a booktown since 2007. The Bourdieusian approach of the article investigates cultural intermediaries and audiences at booktown, drawing on interviews and analysis of annual reports. These suggest two key findings. First, while Clunes Booktown participates in a range of regional, national and international networks, these work to focus attention strongly at the local level of the village. Second, the booktown designation relies upon and sometimes shores up the association of books with cultural distinction. Findings also suggest that the peripheral setting of Clunes may offset some of the exclusivity of book culture, as the attractions of the village and its non-book-related activities enable different forms of participation and potentially open up literary culture to a broader public.

scholarly journals Development partner support to the health sector at the local level in Morogoro region, Tanzania

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gasto M. Frumence ◽  
Joy Chebet ◽  
Jennifer A. Callaghan-Koru ◽  
Idda Mosha ◽  
Dereck Chitama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
International Development ◽  
Disease Burden ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Case Study Methodology ◽  
Development Partner ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Child Health Programs ◽  
Recipient Government

Background: The Tanzanian health sector receives large amounts of funding from multiple international development partners to support a broad range of population-health interventions. However, little is known about the partners’ level of commitment to sustain funding, and the implications of uncertainties created by these funding mechanisms.  This study had the following objectives: 1) To present a theoretical model for assessing funding commitments by health development partners in a specified region; 2) to describe development partner funding commitments against this framework, using a case study example of Morogoro Region, Tanzania; and 3) to discuss policy considerations using this framework for district, regional and national level.Methods: Qualitative case study methodology was used to assess funding commitments of health-related development partners in Morogoro Region, Tanzania. Using qualitative data, collected as part of an evaluation of maternal and child health programs in Morogoro Region, key informants from all development partners were interviewed and thematic analysis was conducted for the assessment. Results: Our findings show that decisions made on where to commit and direct funds were based on recipient government and development partner priorities. These decisions were based on government directives, such as the need to provide health services to vulnerable populations; the need to contribute towards alleviation of disease burden and development partner interests, including humanitarian concerns. Poor coordination of partner organizations and their funding priorities may undermine benefits to target populations. This weakness poses a major challenge on development partner investments in health, leading to duplication of efforts and resulting in stagnant disease burden levels.Conclusion: Effective coordination mechanisms between all stakeholders at each level should be advocated to provide a forum to discuss interests and priorities, so as to harmonize them and facilitate the implementation of development partner funded activities in the recipient countries.

scholarly journals Using Human Rights for Development: a Fiji Case Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Mary Llewellyn-Fowler
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
International Development ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Local Context ◽  
The Past ◽  
Development Institutions ◽  
Legal Accountability ◽  
Donor Agencies ◽  
The Impact

<p>Over the past decade there has been a marked shift towards human rights in the policy of multilateral development institutions, international non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and government donor agencies. 'Rights-based' development - in which development and poverty alleviation is viewed through a human rights lens - has become the language of choice among the international development community. As their proponents argue, rights-based approaches to development bring a degree of legal accountability to the alleviation of poverty, turning it from an act of charity to one of social justice. While this shift towards human rights is well documented at the global level, less is known about the understanding and use of human rights for development by NGOs at the local level. By focusing on a particular local context - Fiji - this research investigates how local NGOs understand and use human rights for development, and aims to identify the main challenges surrounding the use of human rights at this level. The findings from interviews with representatives of Fijian NGOs suggest that while human rights are being successfully applied to development in Fiji, they also face some challenges. Two of the most significant challenges are the politicised gap between human rights and development organisations and resistance to human rights on cultural grounds. These challenges demonstrate the impact local social, political and cultural contexts can have on the implementation of global ideas, and have numerous implications for the successful application of rights-based approaches to development at the local level.</p>

scholarly journals Ethnography of Panchayat: Cases of Khula from Mandi Baha-Ud-Din

2020 ◽  
Vol V (I) ◽  
pp. 76-83
Author(s):  
Riaz Ahmed Moazmi ◽  
Aneela Sultana
Keyword(s):  
Legal System ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Depth Interview ◽  
The Social ◽  
Interview Methods ◽  
The Village

Panchayat is the epicenter of local Politiology that serves as a traditional and indigenous system of conflict resolution at the village level in Pakistan. Khula (divorce) is one of the social issues that are mostly handled by the panchayat besides the presence of a legal system: both institutions stay anonymous to each other. The study is conducted in Mandi Baha Uddin to understand the significance of Panchayat as a local level trusted institution meant for arbitration using qualitative approach. The methodology of the study was descriptive where case study and in-depth interview methods were used. The study findings endorse that Panchayat is an indigenous powerful political institution that can adjoin with the development sector in providing justice about agriculture, forestry, and welfare projects. It can serve more efficiently with the support from the legal justice system. Execution of decisions by the traditional justice system can only be effective once streamlined for better and owned decisions at the community level politics.

Local Safety: An Analysis of Minor Offences in the Largest Slovenian Cities – A Case Study on Ljubljana and Maribor

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-59
Author(s):  
Bojan Tičar
Keyword(s):  
Local Community ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Primary Focus ◽  
Inspection Service ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Local Safety ◽  
Municipal Level ◽  
General Conditions

In accordance with the regulations in force in Slovenia, a minor offence is an act that entails a violation of a law, a Government decree, or an ordinance of a self-governing local community that is determined to constitute a minor offence and for which a sanction is prescribed. In the Slovenian legal order, minor offence law consists of a general part (i.e. general provisions) and a specific part (i.e. provisions on individual minor offences). While the provisions on individual minor offences are scattered over numerous laws and executive regulations containing descriptions of individual minor offences, the general provisions are provided in one law, i.e. the Minor Offences Act. The Minor Offences Act is a systemic act that determines the general conditions for determining individual minor offences and prescribes sanctions for such, the general conditions as to accountability for committing a minor offence, the general conditions for imposing and enforcing sanctions for minor offences, minor offence proceedings, and the bodies and courts that decide in such proceedings. The contribution focuses on the issue of how sanctions for minor offences are imposed in large Slovenian towns (i.e. urban municipalities). In order to ascertain actual revenue from fines imposed for minor offences at the local level, the annual reports on the operations of the municipal warden service and the inspection service of the two largest municipalities in Slovenia, i.e. the Urban Municipality of Ljubljana and the Urban Municipality of Maribor, were analysed. Data that could answer the question of whether municipalities impose sanctions for minor offences for safety and security reasons, which is the ratio legis of minor offence regulations, or primarily for fiscal reasons in order to strengthen municipal budgets, are also analysed. If the examples reviewed demonstrate that the latter reason is in the foreground, the legitimacy and legality of the extent to which sanctions are imposed are questionable. The primary focus of the analysis is sanctions imposed at the municipal level for minor offences violating public order and traffic regulations.

scholarly journals Reinforce Nationality Through Religious Local Tradition (Case Study of Malam Tirakatan in Yogyakarta)

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-171
Author(s):  
Wildan Imaduddin Muhammad
Keyword(s):  
Participant Observation ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Local Tradition ◽  
Local Traditions ◽  
The Village

Celebrating of IndependenceDay became a part of symbol of honour from the citizenship for their country. In many places freedom is celebrated, including in Indonesia. The celebration is an annual event organized by goverment and citizen, both formal and informal. Formally, the goverment of Indonesia from local level to the centre celebrate this day by flag ceremony on the seventeent of August. Somehow in non-formal, citizen commemorate this day by various manner such aspanjatpinang contest etc. One form of celebration in Indonesia to celebrate the independence day is called “malam tirakatan” or “malam pitulasan”, especially in the area of Yogyakarta. Malam tirakatan is kind of acculturation from Moslem local tradition.This paper describe aboutmalam tirakatanas an acculturation between religious local traditions with a sense of nationalism. I use the method of triangulation for collect data which are participant observation, deep interview and documentation. The location of this research is focused on two different places, first in Dukuh the village of Bantul district and second in Ngaseman village, a part of village of Kulon Progo district. From this research known that Indonesian Moslems reinforce their nationality by their religious local tradition.

scholarly journals Using Human Rights for Development: a Fiji Case Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Mary Llewellyn-Fowler
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
International Development ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Local Context ◽  
The Past ◽  
Development Institutions ◽  
Legal Accountability ◽  
Donor Agencies ◽  
The Impact

<p>Over the past decade there has been a marked shift towards human rights in the policy of multilateral development institutions, international non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and government donor agencies. 'Rights-based' development - in which development and poverty alleviation is viewed through a human rights lens - has become the language of choice among the international development community. As their proponents argue, rights-based approaches to development bring a degree of legal accountability to the alleviation of poverty, turning it from an act of charity to one of social justice. While this shift towards human rights is well documented at the global level, less is known about the understanding and use of human rights for development by NGOs at the local level. By focusing on a particular local context - Fiji - this research investigates how local NGOs understand and use human rights for development, and aims to identify the main challenges surrounding the use of human rights at this level. The findings from interviews with representatives of Fijian NGOs suggest that while human rights are being successfully applied to development in Fiji, they also face some challenges. Two of the most significant challenges are the politicised gap between human rights and development organisations and resistance to human rights on cultural grounds. These challenges demonstrate the impact local social, political and cultural contexts can have on the implementation of global ideas, and have numerous implications for the successful application of rights-based approaches to development at the local level.</p>

Corporate Social Responsibility Practices in Indian Petroleum Companies: A Case Study of Selected PSUs

Think India ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 13-18
Author(s):  
Abhijit Ranjan Das ◽  
Subhadeep Mukherjee
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Net Worth ◽  
Net Profit ◽  
Petroleum Companies ◽  
Corporate Social

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is not a very new concept, it is an old concept. Earlier, in India it was optional to the company that they may contribute voluntarily towards CSR but after the Companies Act 2013, it was formally introduced in the business environment and was made mandatory for those companies whose net worth and profit cross a threshold limit. They should contribute 2% of the average net profit of just preceding three years profit. This paper primarily focuses on CSR practices of some selected public sector petroleum companies in India. The study has been conducted based on the Annual Reports of seven selected public sector companies. Five years of data on CSR spending from 2009–10 to 2014–15 were examined. Moreover, the pattern of expenses was also examined. Since petroleum companies are giants of the India economy and contribute significantly towards the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of our country. Thus it is necessary to look into how these companies are contributing towards CSR. An attempt has been made to examine the early impact of Section 135 of the Companies Act.

Progressive Law, Activism, and Lawyering in an Age of Preemption

2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 252-267
Author(s):  
Rashmi Dyal-Chand
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Global Supply Chain ◽  
Environmental Movements ◽  
Improve Working ◽  
Detailed History ◽  
History Of ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Core Questions

Preemption is one of the most important legal doctrines for today’s progressives to understand because of its power to constrain progressive policymaking and social movement lawyering at the state and local level. By examining the detailed history of a decades-long campaign by the labor and environmental movements to improve working conditions in an industry at the heart of the global supply chain, Scott L. Cummings’s Blue and Green: The Drive for Justice at America’s Port (2018) provides a case study about the doctrine and impacts of preemption. The study also inspires lawyers and activists alike to reexamine core questions of factual relevance, representation and voice, and precedent.

COMBINING ORAL TRADITIONS AND BAYESIAN CHRONOLOGICAL MODELING TO UNDERSTAND VILLAGE DEVELOPMENT IN THE GULF OF PAPUA (PAPUA NEW GUINEA)

Radiocarbon ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Chris Urwin ◽  
Quan Hua ◽  
Henry Arifeae
Keyword(s):  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Oral Traditions ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Spatial History ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
Gulf Of Papua ◽  
The Village

ABSTRACT When European colonists arrived in the late 19th century, large villages dotted the coastline of the Gulf of Papua (southern Papua New Guinea). These central places sustained long-distance exchange and decade-spanning ceremonial cycles. Besides ethnohistoric records, little is known of the villages’ antiquity, spatiality, or development. Here we combine oral traditional and 14C chronological evidence to investigate the spatial history of two ancestral village sites in Orokolo Bay: Popo and Mirimua Mapoe. A Bayesian model composed of 35 14C assays from seven excavations, alongside the oral traditional accounts, demonstrates that people lived at Popo from 765–575 cal BP until 220–40 cal BP, at which time they moved southwards to Mirimua Mapoe. The village of Popo spanned ca. 34 ha and was composed of various estates, each occupied by a different tribe. Through time, the inhabitants of Popo transformed (e.g., expanded, contracted, and shifted) the village to manage social and ceremonial priorities, long-distance exchange opportunities and changing marine environments. Ours is a crucial case study of how oral traditional ways of understanding the past interrelate with the information generated by Bayesian 14C analyses. We conclude by reflecting on the limitations, strengths, and uncertainties inherent to these forms of chronological knowledge.

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